Mark Walrod Harrington

{{Short description|American scientist (1848–1926)}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Mark Walrod Harrington

| image =Mark Walrod Harrington.jpg

| caption =

| alt =

| order = 33rd

| office = President of the University of Washington

| term_start =1895

| term_end = 1897

| predecessor = Thomas Milton Gatch

| successor = William Franklin Edwards

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{birth date|1848|08|18}}

| birth_place = Sycamore, Illinois, U.S.

| death_date = {{death date and age|1926|09|10|1848|08|18}}

| death_place =

| death_cause =

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| other_names =

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| citizenship =

| nationality = American

| module = {{infobox scientist

| child = yes

| fields =

| workplaces = University of Michigan

}}

| alma_mater =

}}

Mark Walrod Harrington (August 18, 1848 – September 10, 1926) was an American scientist who studied and published works in multiple disciplines, including botany,{{Cite book |last=Harrington |first=Mark W. |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001999203 |title=The Analysis of Plants: Intended for Schools And Colleges And for the Independent Botanical Student |date= |website= |publisher=Sheehan & Co. |year=1876 |language=en |access-date=2022-07-09}}{{Cite book |last=Harrington |first=M. W. |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015061199975&view=page&seq=5&skin=2021 |title=The Tropical Ferns Collected by Professor Steere in the years 1870-75 |date=1878 |website= |language=en |access-date=2022-07-09}} astronomy,{{Cite book |last=Dziobeck |first=Otto |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009259430 |title=Mathematical Theories of Planetary Motions |date=1892 |website= |publisher=The Register Pub. Co. |language=en |translator-last=Harrington |translator-first=Mark W. |access-date=2022-07-09}} meteorology,{{Cite book |last=Harrington |first=Mark W. |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001998090 |title=About the weather |date=1901 |publisher=Appleton |series=Appleton's home reading books |location=New York}}{{Cite book |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hx752h&view=page&seq=7&skin=2021 |title=Rainfall and Snow of the United States, Compiled to the End of 1891, with Annual, Seasonal, Monthly, and Other Charts |date= |website= |publisher=U.S. Weather Bureau |year=1894 |series=United States. Weather Bureau. BulletinC |language=en |access-date=2022-07-09}} and geology. He was the first chief of the United States Weather Bureau,{{Cite web |title=Prof. Mark W. Harrington (NWS Timeline) |url=https://vlab.noaa.gov/web/nws-heritage/explore-nws-history#event-prof-mark-w-harrington |access-date=December 15, 2024 |website=National Weather Service Heritage}} and later served as president of the University of Washington.{{Cite web |title=Mark Walrod Harrington, 1895-97 — UW Libraries |url=https://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcollections/collections/exhibits/presidents/images/mark-walrod-harrington-1895-97/view |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=www.lib.washington.edu}} Considered a prominent scientist in the late 19th century, he knew a half-dozen languages.{{Cite web |title=The Fault in His Stars {{!}} Bentley Historical Library |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/news-events/magazine/the-fault-in-his-stars/ |access-date=2022-03-20 |language=en}} His academic achievements were overshadowed, however, by his disappearance in 1899, when he left home one day and was not heard from for many years. His wife and son located him in 1908 at a psychiatric hospital in New Jersey where he had been admitted as patient John Doe No. 8.{{Cite web |title=Image 14 of New-York tribune (New York [N.Y.]), November 14, 1908 |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn83030214/1908-11-14/ed-1/?sp=14&st=image&r=0.096,0.691,0.575,0.346,0 |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}

Biography

Born in Sycamore, Illinois, Harrington was the son of James Harrington and Charlotte Walrod Harrington. In 1874, he married Rose Martha Smith, with whom he had two sons, the first of whom died in 1876.{{Cite web |last=Swanson |first=Fritz |date=2016 |title=The Fault in His Stars |url=https://bentley.umich.edu/news-events/magazine/the-fault-in-his-stars/ |website=University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library}} Their second son, Mark Raymond Harrington, was born in 1882 and became a well-known archaeologist.

From 1879 to 1891, Harrington was professor of astronomy and director of the Detroit Observatory of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. During this time, he published an astronomical observation recorded by Johan Ludvig Emil Dreyer as NGC 7040 in the New General Catalogue. He founded The American Meteorological Journal in 1884, of which he published the first seven volumes.

In 1891, Harrington was appointed by President Benjamin Harrison as the first chief of the United States Weather Bureau, after it became a civilian agency under the United States Department of Agriculture.{{Cite web |last=US Department of Commerce |first=NOAA |title=History of the National Weather Service |url=https://www.weather.gov/timeline |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=www.weather.gov |language=EN-US}} He served in this role until 1895, when he was ousted by Secretary of Agriculture J. Sterling Morton, who convinced newly inaugurated President Grover Cleveland to let him fire Harrington.{{Cite web |title=Image 1 of The Wichita daily eagle (Wichita, Kan.), July 3, 1895 |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn82014635/1895-07-03/ed-1/?q=mark+harrington+ousted&sp=1 |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}

In 1895, he was elected president of the University of Washington, succeeding Thomas Milton Gatch.{{Cite web |title=The Seattle Post-intelligencer 22 August 1895 — Washington Digital Newspapers |url=https://washingtondigitalnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=SEATPINT18950822.1.3&srpos=17&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-%22mark+harrington%22------ |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=washingtondigitalnewspapers.org}} He remained in this office until 1897.

Harrington left his home one evening in 1899 and disappeared for about 10 years, with his wife and son having no idea of his whereabouts. Then, in 1908, his son came across a newspaper article about a mysterious man who was admitted to the State Asylum for the Insane at Morristown, in Morris Plains, New Jersey. This man, known as John Doe No. 8, turned out to be the elder Harrington. According to news accounts, Harrington had lost his memory but after several years at the psychiatric institution in Morris Plains, developed a fondness for music.{{Cite news |date=1914-03-09 |title=Clipped From Harrisburg Telegraph |pages=8 |work=Harrisburg Telegraph |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/104605455/harrisburg-telegraph/ |access-date=2022-07-09}} He never left the institution and died there on September 10, 1926.

References