Marlene Hazle
{{short description|American computer scientist (1934 – 2011)}}
{{Orphan|date=October 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Marlene Hazle
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1934|05|08}}
| birth_place = Toledo, Ohio, U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2011|06|07|1934|05|08}}
| employer = RAND Corp. and MITRE
| known_for = Computer science, aerospace
}}
Marlene Hazle (May 8, 1934 – June 7, 2011) was an American known for her work in computer science throughout the 20th century. She worked at RAND Corporation and Mitre Corporation for development of the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment and AESOP respectively. Hazle eventually became a supervisor and trained military personnel on the SAGE operating system. Hazle continued making contributions to the fields of computer science and aerospace throughout the 20th century.
Biography
Marlene Hazle was born in 1934 in Toledo, Ohio. Her mother was a teacher and her father was a mechanical engineer.{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Marlene_Hazle|title=Oral-History:Marlene Hazle|last=Abbot|first=Jane|date=11 February 2001|website=ethw.org|access-date=11 July 2019}} Hazle graduated from DeVilbiss High School in Toledo, Ohio in 1952.{{Cite book|title=The Cornellian|last=Secret Societies of Cornell University|publisher=Secret Societies of Cornell University|year=1956|volume=88|location=Ithaca, New York|pages=357}} Hazle then went on to attend Cornell University. Hazle was a part of the Delta Gamma sorority, Phi Beta Kappa, and became Chairman of Cornell's Mortar Board chapter.{{Cite book|title=Anchora of Delta Gamma|last=Delta Gamma Sorority|publisher=Delta Gamma Sorority|year=1956|volume=73|pages=47}} At Cornell, Hazle took a class on numerical analysis where her professor offered to show the students how to use a computer to complete their homework. Hazle, along with other students, accepted this offer and began learning about computers. In 1956, Hazle graduated from Cornell with a degree in government. After graduation, Hazle began work at RAND Corporation in Boston, Massachusetts. At the time RAND was preparing people to work at SAGE centers. SAGE was a US Military program during the Cold War that used computers to monitor US airspace for Soviet invasion. At the time of its construction SAGE's computer, the AN/FSQ-7, was the largest computer ever built. Hazle was trained at RAND on SAGE computers and eventually went on to teach the class on the operating system of SAGE computers.{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Judy_Clapp|title=Oral-History:Judy Clapp|last=Abbot|first=Jane|date=11 February 2001|website=ethw.org|access-date=11 July 2019}} After her work on SAGE Hazle began working at MITRE. At MITRE Hazle designed and programmed the AESOP system.{{Cite book|title=Information system science and technology: papers prepared for the Third Congress|last=Congress on Information System Science and Technology|publisher=Thompson Book Co.|year=1967|pages=84}} The AESOP was one of the world's first on-line computer systems.{{Cite book|title=AESOP: A GENERAL PURPOSE APPROACH TO REAL-TIME, DIRECT ACCESS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS|last=MITRE CORPORATION|publisher=MITRE CORPORATION|year=1966|location=Bedford, Massachusetts|pages=iii}} On-line computer systems were the first systems to have many of the features of modern computers such as windows, computer mice, and media links. Hazle is one of the first people documented using an on-line computer.{{Cite book|title=MITRE, the First Twenty Years: A History of the MITRE Corporation, 1958-1978|last=MITRE Corporation|publisher=MITRE Corporation|year=1979|location=Bedford, Massachusetts|pages=80}} Prior to the 1970s it was common place for programmers to be possessive over their work. While at MITRE Hazle rejected this idea, becoming one of the earliest proponents of collaboration among programmers.{{Cite book|title=Recoding gender : women's changing participation in computing|last=Abbate, Janet.|date=2012|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=9780262305464|location=Cambridge, Mass.|oclc=813929041}} Collaboration would eventually mature into today's concept of open-source development. She was also the secretary of Reuse Library Interoperability Group. The Reuse Library Interoperability Group was a group dedicated to facilitating the reuse of computer code between companies and government agencies. Hazle died at the age of 77 on June 7, 2011, in Lexington, Massachusetts.{{Cite web|url=http://www.tributes.com/obituary/show/Marlene-Hazle-91738772#obituary|title=Marlene Hazle Obituary - Lexington, Massachusetts - Tributes.com|website=www.tributes.com|access-date=2019-07-20}}
Contributions
- Hazle is acknowledged for assisting the US Air Force in software design methodologies.{{Cite book|title=Software Design Methodologies and Air Force Software Acquisition Environment|last=James|first=D. L.|publisher=Rome Air Development Center|year=1978|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=2}}
- Hazle contributed to IEEE in the 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference.{{Cite book|title=Proceedings of the IEEE 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON 1980|last=IEEE|publisher=IEEE|year=1980|pages=435}}
- Hazle wrote about code review and operating systems in the Automated Requirements Development User Manual.{{Cite book|title=ARDS USER'S MANUAL: COMMENT MANAGEMENT|last=Vrabel|first=J.|publisher=Deputy for Acquisition Logistics and Tech. Opers. Electronic Systems Division, Air Force Systems Command|year=1983|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=1}}
- Hazle is acknowledged for her work on the MIMSY Project and for assisting the author of The Application of Anna and Formal Methods as an Ada Program Design Language.{{Cite book|title=THE APPLICATION OF ANNA AND FORMAL METHODS AS AN ADA PROGRAM DESIGN LANGUAGE|last=BYRNES|first=C.|publisher=DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND UNITED STATES AIR FORCE|year=1986|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=iii}}
- Hazle is thanked for her early support of guidelines compilation in Guidelines for Designing User Interface Software.{{Cite book|title=GUIDELINES FOR DESIGNING USER INTERFACE SOFTWARE|last=Smith, Mosier|first=Sidney, Jane|publisher=Deputy Commander for Development Plans and Support Systems, Electronic Systems Division, Air Force Systems Command|year=1986|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=18}}
- Hazle is a listed contributor to United States Air Force Program Office Guide to Ada.{{Cite book|title=United States Air Force Program Office Guide to Ada|last=Ausnit, Guerrieri, Hood, Ingwersen|first=Christine, Ernesto, Philip, Nancy|publisher=ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS.C0OMAND DEPUTY FOR ADVANCED DECISION SYSTEMS|year=1988|location=HANSCOM AIR FORCE BASE, MASSACHUSETTS|pages=vi}}
- Hazle reviewed the document Ada Adoption Handbook: Compiler Evaluation and Selection.{{Cite book|title=Ada Adoption Handbook: Compiler Evaluation and Selection|last=Weiderman|first=Nelson|publisher=Carnegie Mellon University|year=1989|location=Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania|pages=viii}}
- Hazle is acknowledged with special recognition for supporting Arizona State University in their work on Ada environments.{{Cite book|title=SUPPORTING SELECTION DECISIONS BASED ON THE TECHNICAL EVALUATION OF ADA ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR COMPONENTS|last=Lawlis|first=Patricia|publisher=Arizona State University|year=1989|pages=vi}}
- Hazle is acknowledged for contributing to Ada Architectures with her expertise in DQL(Diana Query Language).{{Cite book|title=Proceeding of the Eighth Annual National Conference on Ada Technology, 5-8 Mar 1990|last=United States Defense Technical Information Center|year=1990|pages=321–337}}
- Hazle contributed to the paper A Prototype Implementation of the Ada Binding to Posix.{{Cite book|title=A PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ADA BINDING TO POSIX|last=Emery|first=David|publisher=MITRE Corporation|year=1990|location=Bedford, Massachusetts|pages=61}}
References
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Category:American computer programmers
Category:American women computer scientists
Category:American computer scientists
Category:Cornell University alumni
Category:Women in war 1945–1999
Category:People from Toledo, Ohio
Category:20th-century American women scientists
Category:Mitre Corporation people