Martin's Light Railways

The Arrah–Sasaram light railway connecting Arrah and Sasaram in Bihar in India was opened in 1914. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|102.2|km|mi}}.{{cite web| url = http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm| title = Indian Railway History timeline| last = R.P.Saxena| access-date = 2011-11-20| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://archive.today/20120714085533/http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm| archive-date = 14 July 2012| df = dmy-all}}{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html |title = Non-IR Railways in India | publisher= IRFCA| access-date = 2011-12-01 }}

Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1978. In 2006–07, the railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} and train services were resumed.{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=15847 |title = Speech of Shri Lalu Prasad Introducing the Railway Budget 2006-07 On 24th February 2006 | work= New lines| publisher= Press Information Bureau| access-date = 2011-12-01 }} The Broad gauge {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} railway line is {{convert|97.3|km|mi}} long

{{Barasat–Basirhat Light Railway|collapse=y}}

{{See also|Sealdah–Hasnabad–Bangaon–Ranaghat line}}

The Barasat–Basirhat light railway connecting Barasat and Basirhat in West Bengal in India was opened in 1914. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and The line was later extended to Hasnabad increasing total length to {{convert|52|km|mi}}. But due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1955.{{cite web | url = http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/chronology.html | title = The Chronology of Railway development in Eastern Indian | publisher = railindia | access-date = 2012-02-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080316015721/http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/chronology.html | archive-date = 16 March 2008 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }} In 1962, the {{convert|53|km|mi}} long Barasat-Hasnabad section converted to Broad Gauge with a new alignment.{{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} and train services were resumed.{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html |title = Non-IR Railways in India | publisher= IRFCA | access-date = 2012-02-10 }} The route is now part of the Kolkata Suburban railway. The old Shyambazar (Belgachia)-Beliaghata Bridge branch line was abandoned. An extension of {{convert|11|km|mi}} to Hingalganj was proposed in the Railway Budget of 2011.

The Bakhtiarpur–Bihar light railway connecting Bakhtiarpur in Bihar and Bihar Sharif in state of Bihar in India was opened in 1902. The line was later extended to Rajgir. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|30|km|mi}}.[http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html [IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Non-IR Railways] It was further extended {{convert|24|km|mi}} to Rajgir. In 1962, the railway was converted to Broad Gauge {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} and train services were resumed.[http://fauzaspandher.blogspot.com/ consultant] New {{convert|135.95|km|mi}} long railway tracks from Bihar Sharif to Sheikhpura, Bihar Sharif to Daniyawan, Rajgir to Tillaiya & Islampur to Natesar have been made.

The Fatuha–Islampur light railway connecting Fatuha and Islampur in Bihar was opened in 1922. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|43|km|mi}}.Whetham, Bob 1996 In Search of the Narrow Gauge. Sono Nis Press, Victoria BC.Hughes, Hugh 1994 Indian Locomotives Pt. 3, Narrow Gauge 1863-1940. Continental Railway Circle. The railway ran parallel to road for almost its entire route.

The line operated three 0-6-2T locomotives constructed by Manning Wardle of Leeds.Whetham, Bob 1996 In Search of the Narrow Gauge. Sono Nis Press, Victoria BC.Hughes, Hugh 1994 Indian Locomotives Pt. 3, Narrow Gauge 1863-1940. Continental Railway Circle.

Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1987. Later, the railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} Broad Gauge and train services were resumed. Futwah station is now called Fatuha. New {{cvt|135.95|km|adj=on}} long railway tracks from Bihar Sharif to Sheikhpura, Bihar Sharif to Daniyawan, Rajgir to Tillaiya & Islampur to Natesar have been made.

{{Howrah-Amta Light Railway|collapse=y}}

File:Sharp, Stewart (N° 4826 of 1902) 2ft gauge locomotive built for Martin & Co. of Calcutta and used on the Howrah Amta Light Railway.jpg

File:Waiting Room - Chamrail Station - Martin's Light Railways - Chamrail Athletic Club - Benaras Road - Chamrail - Howrah 2013-09-08 2350.JPG{{See also|Santragachi-Amta Branch Line}}

The Howrah–Amta light railway had its origin in an agreement, dated 12 June 1889 between the District Board of Howrah and Messrs. Walsh, Lovett & Co., which was subsequently renewed with Messrs. Martin & Co., and sanctioned by Government notification in the Calcutta Gazette of 27 March 1895.{{cite web | url=http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/howrah-district.html | title=Howrah District (1909) | publisher=IRFCA | access-date=2009-01-19}}

This was one of the Martin lines which was on 2'0" gauge instead of the more common 2'6".{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}}

The railway connecting Howrah and Amta in West Bengal was opened up to Domjur in 1897, and to Amta in 1900. An extension from Bargachhia (Bargachha) Junction to Antpur was opened in 1903, and a further extension to Champadanga in 1905. The total length of the railway was {{convert|79.7|km|mi}}. Both the Howrah- Amta and Howrah-Seakhala lines used to start from Howrah NG (Telkal Ghat) Station (near Howrah Rail Museum) on the Hooghly river, running to Dasnagar station. Here they separate, the Howrah-Seakhala & Janai line running North-West along the Benaras Road to Seakhala & Janai in Hooghly district. The Howrah–Amta line runs west, chiefly along the side of the Jagatballavpur Road, and then goes south-west {{convert|49|km|mi}} to Amta, with a {{convert|30.7|km|mi}} long branch line to Champadanga from Bargachhia (Bargachha) Junction. At various times of the narrow gauge operations, the passenger trains started from different places. In the 1943 Indian Bradshaw they were shown as running from Kadamtala with Dasnagar as junction where line bifurcates towards Amta/Champadanga & Seakhala.{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}} Martin Rail Company planned to link Champadanga with Seakhala in 1945 but the 1946 Calcutta Riots put a stop to the plan. Now West Bengal State Highway 15 (Rani Ahilyabai Holkar Road) runs in place of old Narrow Gauge line connecting Champadanga with Seakhala.

The management decided to close the line from 1 January 1971 and in view of the growing demand of local people for a railway service, the Indian Railways agreed to construct a broad-gauge-way from Howrah to Amta & Champadanga.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2yGAdvKaJnsC|title=Indian Railways|date=1974|pages=37|language=en}}

The railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} Broad Gauge in phase starting from 1984 and completing in 2000 with a slightly different alignment. Only the Howrah–Amta {{convert|49|km|mi}} long section was rebuilt, while the {{convert|30.7|km|mi}} long branch line from Bargachhia Junction to Champadanga with {{convert|8.8|km|mi}} extension to Tarakeswar is under planning since 2001.{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}} Work in {{convert|39.5|km|mi}} long line from Bargachhia (Bargachha) Junction to Tarakeswar via Antpur & Champadanga is delayed.

There was some construction of a new alignment from Howrah station which utilized the existing route up to Santragachhi Junction and skipped some of the older stations up to Makardaha, while new stations came up on this alignment at Bankra Nayabaz, Baltikuri Junction, Kona, Dansi and Jhaluarber. While some stations from the old line have been retained, some stations on the rebuilt line are at new locations. But the new BG alignment measures the exact {{convert|49|km|mi}} as the old NG alignment. This route is now part of Kolkata Suburban Railway. It has been electrified and EMU local trains run between Howrah and Amta. This route now comes under the jurisdiction of the South Eastern Railway.{{cite web | url= http://www.blonnet.com/2000/07/24/stories/142460l2.htm | title= Howrah–Amta BG line section inaugurated | publisher=The Hindu Business Line, 24 July 2000 | access-date=2009-01-27}}{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/01/01/stories/2005010101151700.htm | title= Lalu remote-launches 2 S-E Rly projects | publisher=The Hindu Business Line, 1 January 2005 | access-date=2009-01-27}}{{cite web | url=http://164.100.47.5:8080/members/Website/quest.asp?qref=120859 | title= RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 2689 TO BE ANSWERED ON 15.12.2006 | access-date=2009-01-27}}

{{Howrah-Sheakhala Light Railway|collapse=y}}

File:Howrah-Sheakhala Light Railway, No 17 'Eva', 2 ft gauge 0-4-2T Hunslet of 1908.jpg

The Howrah–Sheakhala light railway had its origin in an agreement, dated 12 June 1889 between the District Board of Howrah and Messrs. Walsh, Lovett & Co., which was subsequently renewed with Messrs. Martin & Co., and sanctioned by Government notification in the Calcutta Gazette of 27 March 1895.{{cite web | url=http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/howrah-district.html | title=Howrah District (1909) | publisher=IRFCA | access-date=2009-01-19}}

Like the Howrah–Amta light railway, this was of 2'0" gauge. The railway connecting Howrah and Seakhala in West Bengal was opened in November 1897 and the {{convert|16.5|km|mi}} long Chanditala-Janai Branch Line was opened in 1898. The total length of the railway was {{convert|53|km|mi}}. Both the {{convert|49|km|mi}} long Howrah- Amta and the {{convert|36.5|km|mi}} long Howrah-Seakhala lines started from Howrah NG (Telkal Ghat) Station (near Howrah rail Museum) on the Hooghly river, running to Dasnagar station. Here they separate, the Howrah-Seakhala line running north-west along the Benaras road to Seakhala in Hooghly district. The Howrah–Amta line runs west, chiefly along the side of the Jagatballabhpur road, and then goes south-west to Amta. In the 1943 Indian Bradshaw they were shown as running from Kadamtala with Dasnagar as junction where line bifurcates towards Amta/Champadanga & Seakhala.{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}} Martin Rail Company planned to link Champadanga with Seakhala in 1945 but the 1946 Calcutta Riots put a stop to the plan. Now West Bengal State Highway 15 (Rani Ahilyabai Holkar Road) runs in place of old Narrow Gauge line connecting Champadanga with Seakhala.

While the {{convert|49|km|mi}} Howrah–Amta section was reopened as Broad Gauge in 2000, the Howrah-Seakhala light railway was permanently closed. The Old alignment of Howrah-Seakhala light railway is made into a State Highway. In 2009, the then Railway minister proposed restoration of Howrah Seakhala NG line in Broad Gauge from Dankuni Junction to Seakhala via Chanditala, Janai, Mosat & Furfura Sharif, covering {{convert|32.6|km|mi}} stretch. But this project is facing land problem, political interference & resistance from Furfura Sharif.

{{Delhi–Shamli–Saharanpur line|collapse=y}}

The Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway connecting Shahdara in Delhi and Saharanpur in Uttar Pradesh was opened to traffic in 1907. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|94.24|mi|km}}.{{cite web|url= http://wiki.fibis.org/index.php/Shahdara-Saharanpur_Light_Railway | title=Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway | publisher= fibis| access-date=2 March 2014}}{{cite web|url= http://www.irfca.org/steam/sslr.html | title=Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway |last= R. Sivaramakrishnan| publisher= IRFCA| access-date=2 March 2014}}{{cite web|url= http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history5.html |title= IR History Part V (1970–1995)|publisher= IRFCA| access-date=8 March 2014}}

Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1970. It was later converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} broad gauge by Indira Gandhi's Government on the strong recommendation of then Congress Member of Parliament Ram Chandra Vikal from Baghpat Lok Sabha. After gauge conversion it was reopened in the late 1970s.{{cite web|url= http://www.irfca.org/steam/sslr.html | title=Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway |last= R. Sivaramakrishnan| publisher= IRFCA| access-date=2 March 2014}}{{cite web|url= http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/finance_budget/Previous%20Budget%20Speeches/1973-74.pdf | title= Speech of Shri Lalit Narayan Mishra introducing the Railway Budget for 1973-74, on 20th February 1973 | work= Light Railways| publisher= Indian Railways| access-date=8 March 2014}} Although the broad gauge largely follows the same trackbed and alignment as the erstwhile narrow gauge, there is a {{convert|10.6|mi|km}} deviation near Saharanpur. The {{convert|104.84|mi|km}} long broad gauge line takes off south towards Delhi from Tapri Junction on the main line, while the narrow gauge line did not touch Tapri at all. Tapri Junction is located {{convert|4.25|mi|km}} from Saharanpur. Other than that, all the stations are the same as before.

The Martin's Light Railways were labeled as Class III railways according to Indian Railway Classification System of 1926.{{cite web| title=Indian Railway Classification |url=https://wiki.fibis.org/w/Indian_Railway_Classification |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en}} Only the Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway was classified as Class II.{{Cite book|title=Directory of Railway Officials & Yearbook |year=1947|publisher=Tothill Press |language=english |pages=495}}

{{Reflist}}

• [http://indiarailinfo.com/search/7870/7862 List of trains between Barasat and Hasanabad Junction].
• [http://indiarailinfo.com/search/old-delhi-dli-to-shamli-smql/349/0/5435 Trains at Shamli]

{{Railway lines in Eastern India}}

{{Railways in Northern India}}

{{Kolkata topics}}

{{North 24 Parganas topics}}

Category:2 ft 6 in gauge railways in India

Category:2 ft gauge railways in India

Category:Defunct railway companies of India

Category:Railway lines opened in 1914

Category:Railway lines opened in 1922

Category:Railway lines closed in 1987

Category:Transport in Kolkata

Category:Rail transport in Howrah

Category:Transport in Saharanpur

Category:Transport in Delhi

Category:History of rail transport in West Bengal

Category:History of rail transport in Bihar

Category:History of rail transport in Uttar Pradesh

Category:Indian companies established in 1922

Category:Indian companies disestablished in 1987

Category:Railway companies established in 1914

Category:Railway companies disestablished in 1987