Martin Hume Johnson

Johnson was educated at Cheltenham Grammar School for Boys and Christ's College, Cambridge, where he was awarded Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in 1969 for immunochemical analysis of factors affecting fertility.{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Martin Hume|last=Johnson |title=An immunochemical analysis of factors affecting fertility |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1969 |url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.460977}}

Currently, Johnson's research investigates the history of the reproductive and developmental sciences and their historical relationship to the development of human In vitro fertilisation and other clinical technologies, and to their regulation legally and ethically.{{cite web|url=https://www.christs.cam.ac.uk/content/professor-martin-hume-johnson |title=Professor Martin Hume Johnson MA, PhD (Cantab), FRCOG, FMedSci, FRS |year=2014 |publisher=University of Cambridge |archive-date=2015-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430015926/https://www.christs.cam.ac.uk/content/professor-martin-hume-johnson |url-status=dead }} Johnson collaborates with Kay Elder, at the Bourn Hall Clinic, Sarah Franklin{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.09.001| title = Are assisted reproduction health professionals still letting down their patients?| journal = Reproductive BioMedicine Online| volume = 27| issue = 5| pages = 451–452| year = 2013| last1 = Franklin | first1 = S. | last2 = Johnson | first2 = M. H. | pmid = 24055397| doi-access = free}} and Nick Hopwood{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1093/humrep/deq155| pmid = 20657027| title = Why the Medical Research Council refused Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe support for research on human conception in 1971| journal = Human Reproduction| volume = 25| issue = 9| pages = 2157–74| year = 2010| last1 = Johnson | first1 = M. H.| author-link1 = Martin Hume Johnson| last2 = Franklin | first2 = S. B.| author-link2 = Sarah Franklin| last3 = Cottingham | first3 = M.| last4 = Hopwood | first4 = N. | pmc=2922998}} in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge.

Johnson has co-authored over 300 papers on reproductive and developmental science, history, ethics, law and medical education.{{Scopus|id=36071272900}}{{AcademicSearch|37308432}}{{Cite journal | last1 = Bush | first1 = T. | last2 = Puvanachandra | first2 = N. | last3 = Horner | first3 = C. | last4 = Polito | first4 = A. | last5 = Ostenfeld | first5 = T. | last6 = Svendsen | first6 = C. | last7 = Mucke | first7 = L. | last8 = Johnson | first8 = M. | last9 = Sofroniew | first9 = M. | doi = 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80781-3 | title = Leukocyte Infiltration, Neuronal Degeneration, and Neurite Outgrowth after Ablation of Scar-Forming, Reactive Astrocytes in Adult Transgenic Mice | journal = Neuron | volume = 23 | issue = 2 | pages = 297–308 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10399936| doi-access = free }}{{Cite journal

| pmid = 2358076

| year = 1990

| last1 = Pickering

| first1 = S. J.

| title = Transient cooling to room temperature can cause irreversible disruption of the meiotic spindle in the human oocyte

| journal = Fertility and Sterility

| volume = 54

| issue = 1

| pages = 102–8

| last2 = Braude

| first2 = P. R.

| last3 = Johnson

| first3 = M. H.

| last4 = Cant

| first4 = A

| last5 = Currie

| first5 = J

| doi=10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53644-9

| doi-access =

}}{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81571-8| title = Fulminant Jejuno-Ileitis following Ablation of Enteric Glia in Adult Transgenic Mice| journal = Cell| volume = 93| issue = 2| pages = 189–201| year = 1998| last1 = Bush | first1 = T. G. | last2 = Savidge | first2 = T. C. | last3 = Freeman | first3 = T. C. | last4 = Cox | first4 = H. J. | last5 = Campbell | first5 = E. A. | last6 = Mucke | first6 = L. | last7 = Johnson | first7 = M. H. | author-link7 = Martin Hume Johnson| last8 = Sofroniew | first8 = M. V. | pmid = 9568712 | doi-access = free }}{{Cite journal

| pmid = 8141805

| year = 1994

| last1 = Johnson

| first1 = M. H.

| title = Radical solutions and cultural problems: Could free oxygen radicals be responsible for the impaired development of preimplantation mammalian embryos in vitro?

| journal = BioEssays

| volume = 16

| issue = 1

| pages = 31–8

| last2 = Nasr-Esfahani

| first2 = M. H.

| doi = 10.1002/bies.950160105

| s2cid = 13218763

}}{{Cite journal

| pmid = 7188357

| pmc = 553268

| year = 1982

| last1 = Flach

| first1 = G

| title = The transition from maternal to embryonic control in the 2-cell mouse embryo

| journal = The EMBO Journal

| volume = 1

| issue = 6

| pages = 681–6

| last2 = Johnson

| first2 = M. H.

| last3 = Braude

| first3 = P. R.

| last4 = Taylor

| first4 = R. A.

| last5 = Bolton

| first5 = V. N.

| doi = 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01230.x

}}{{Cite journal

| pmid = 2401209

| year = 1990

| last1 = Nasr-Esfahani

| first1 = M. H.

| title = Hydrogen peroxide levels in mouse oocytes and early cleavage stage embryos developed in vitro or in vivo

| journal = Development

| volume = 109

| issue = 2

| pages = 501–7

| last2 = Aitken

| first2 = J. R.

| last3 = Johnson

| first3 = M. H.

| doi = 10.1242/dev.109.2.501

}} Johnson is the co-editor of Essential Reproduction (now in its eighth edition),{{cite book | last = Johnson | first = M. H. | title = Essential reproduction | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell | location = Chichester, West Sussex Hoboken, NJ | year = 2018 | isbn = 978-1444335750 }} Sexuality Repositioned: diversity and the law,{{cite book|title=Sexuality Repositioned: Diversity and the Law|last=Brooks-Gordon|first=Belinda|publisher=Hart|year=2004|isbn=1841134899|location=Oxford Portland, Or}} Death Rites and Rights{{cite book|title=Death Rites and Rights|last=Brooks-Gordon|first=Belinda|publisher=Hart|year=2007|isbn=978-1841137322|location=Oxford Portland, Or}} and Birth Rites and Rights.{{cite book | last = Ebtehaj | first = Fatemeh | title = Birth rites and rights | publisher = Hart Pub | location = Oxford Portland, Or | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-1849461887 }}

Johnson's research has been funded by the Wellcome Trust.

Johnson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2014. His nomination reads: {{centred pull quote|Johnson's seminal scientific contribution was the discovery and analysis of cellular polarisation during early mammalian development. He showed that this event initiated the first lineage segregation: one lineage formed the outer implanting layer of the placenta while the fetal body developed form the other. Recent techniques have permitted further understanding of this vital and decisive moment, and they all depend and build on his foundations. He also contributed to human reproductive sciences with his work leading to change in clinical practice.}}

Johnson was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) in 2012. His nomination reads: {{centred pull quote|Martin Johnson is Professor of Reproductive Sciences at the University of Cambridge. He has made fundamental contributions to our understanding of early mammalian development and of human reproduction. Johnson's work on mouse development shed light on the earliest steps of embryogenesis. He also contributed to our understanding of the timing of zygotic gene activation, optimised protocols for cryopreservation of mouse oocytes, and used transgenic mice to study erythropoietin production with me, and the role of glial cells in brain regeneration after traumatic damage. Johnson has also contributed significantly to issues surrounding the regulation of reproductive medicine.{{cite web|url=http://www.acmedsci.ac.uk/fellows/fellows-directory/ordinary-fellows/professor-martin-johnson/ |title=Professor Martin Johnson FRS FMedSci |publisher=Academy of Medical Sciences |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002244/http://www.acmedsci.ac.uk/fellows/fellows-directory/ordinary-fellows/professor-martin-johnson/ |location=London |url-status=dead }}}}

Johnson is also a Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (FRCOG) and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology (FRSB).

Having been, with Richard Gardner, Bob Edwards' first graduate student (1966–1969), Prof Johnson opened the Nobel Symposium{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2010/edwards-lecture.html|title=Robert G. Edwards – Nobel Lecture: Robert Edwards: Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine|publisher=nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-10-11}} on Bob's work in Stockholm, 2010.

{{reflist}}

{{FRS 2014}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Martin Hume}}

Category:Living people

Category:Fellows of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

Category:Fellows of the Royal Society

Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Biology

Category:Fellows of Christ's College, Cambridge

Category:1944 births