Maryland, My Maryland
{{Short description|Former state anthem of Maryland}}
{{Infobox anthem
|image=Maryland my maryland2.jpg
|prefix=Regional
|country=Maryland
|caption=The original sheet music of "Maryland, My Maryland"
|adopted={{start date and age|1939|04|29}}
|until={{end date and age|2021|05|18}}
|sound="O Tannenbaum".ogg
|lyrics_date={{start date and age|1861}}
|author=James Ryder Randall
|music_date={{start date and age|1615}}
|composer=Melchior Franck
|successor= None
|sound_title="Maryland, My Maryland" (instrumental)
}}
"Maryland, My Maryland" was the state song of the U.S. state of Maryland from 1939 until 2021.{{cite news |url=https://www.wjla.com/news/local/on-bill-signing-day-hogan-officially-legalizes-sports-betting-repeals-state-song |title=On bill-signing day, Hogan officially legalizes sports betting, repeals state song |date=May 18, 2021 |work=WJLA-TV |agency=Associated Press |access-date=May 18, 2021}} The lyrics are from a nine-stanza poem written by James Ryder Randall in 1861 and sung to an old German folk melody, "Lauriger Horatius"Code of Maryland, State Government, Title 13, § 13-307. — the same tune used for "O Tannenbaum." The state's general assembly adopted "Maryland, My Maryland" as the state song on April 29, 1939.Maryland State Archives (2004). [http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/song.html Maryland State Song – "Maryland, My Maryland"]. Retrieved 27 Dec. 2004.
The song's words refer to Maryland's history and geography, specifically mentioning several historical figures of importance to the state. Written at the beginning of the Civil War, it was used across the Confederacy as a battle hymn.{{cite book |last1=Catton |first1=Bruce |title=The Centennial History of the Civil War: The coming fury |date=1961 |publisher=Doubleday |page=352 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9MR3AAAAMAAJ |access-date=23 March 2023 |language=en}} It has been called America's "most martial poem".{{cite book |last1=Herbermann |first1=Charles George |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church |date=1913 |publisher=Universal Knowledge Foundation |page=639 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=emoQAAAAIAAJ&dq=Maryland+my+Maryland+most+martial+poem+-wikipedia&pg=PA639 |access-date=23 March 2023 |language=en}}
Because of its origin in reaction to the Baltimore riot of 1861 and Randall's support for the Confederate States, it includes lyrics that refer to President Abraham Lincoln as "the tyrant", "the despot", and "the Vandal", and to the Union as "Northern scum". It also mentions Virginia as an ally and includes that state's official motto "Sic semper tyrannis". The slogan was later shouted by Marylander John Wilkes Booth when he assassinated Lincoln.{{cite web
|last=Booth
|first=John Wilkes
|author-link=John Wilkes Booth
|url=http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/lincolnconspiracy/boothdiary.html |access-date=2015-11-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229212451/http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/lincolnconspiracy/boothdiary.html
|archive-date=2010-12-29
|title=Diary Entry of John Wilkes Booth}} After more than ten attempts to change the state song, over 40 years, on March 22, 2021, both houses of the General Assembly voted by substantial margins to abandon "Maryland, My Maryland" as the state song without a replacement. On May 18, 2021, Governor Larry Hogan signed the bill.{{cite news|title=Maryland state song, which refers to Lincoln as "tyrant" and urges secession, is repealed|date=May 20, 2021|publisher=CBS News|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/maryland-state-song-repealed-refers-to-lincoln-as-tyrant-urges-succession/|access-date=May 26, 2021}}
History
The poem resulted from events at the beginning of the American Civil War. During the secession crisis, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln (referred to in the poem as "the despot" and "the tyrant") ordered U.S. troops to be brought to Washington, D.C. to protect the capital and to prepare for war with the seceding southern states. Many of these troops were brought through Baltimore, a major transportation hub. There was considerable Confederate sympathy in Maryland at the time; many residents opposing the use of the U.S. Army to prevent secession.{{cite web|url=http://teachingamericanhistorymd.net/000001/000000/000017/html/t17.html |title=Teaching American History in Maryland – Documents for the Classroom: Arrest of the Maryland Legislature, 1861 |publisher=Maryland State Archives |year=2005 |access-date=February 6, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111110628/http://teachingamericanhistorymd.net/000001/000000/000017/html/t17.html |archive-date=January 11, 2008 |url-status=dead }} Riots ensued as Union troops came through Baltimore on their way south in April 1861 and were attacked by mobs. Many Union troops and Baltimore residents were killed in the Baltimore riots. The Maryland legislature summarized the state's ambivalent feelings when it met soon after, on April 29, voting 53–13 against secession,Mitchell, p.87{{cite web|url=http://ehistory.osu.edu/uscw/features/articles/articleview.cfm?aid%3D34|title=States Which Seceded|website=eHistory|series=Civil War Articles|publisher=Ohio State University|access-date=October 16, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006084544/http://ehistory.osu.edu/uscw/features/articles/articleview.cfm?aid=34|archive-date=October 6, 2014}} but also voting not to reopen rail links with the North, and requesting that Lincoln remove the growing numbers of federal troops in Maryland. At this time the legislature seems to have wanted to avoid involvement in a war against its seceding neighbors. The contentious issue of troop transport through Maryland would lead one month later to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, also a Marylander, penning one of the United States' most controversial wartime rulings, Ex parte Merryman.{{cite book |last1=McGinty |first1=Brian |title=The Body of John Merryman |date=2011 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-06155-2 |page=173 |jstor=j.ctt24hhv4 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt24hhv4 |access-date=23 March 2023 |quote=The decision was controversial on the day it was announced, and it has remained controversial ever since.}}{{cite book |last1=NEELY |first1=MARK E. |title=Lincoln and the Triumph of the Nation: Constitutional Conflict in the American Civil War |date=2011 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |isbn=978-0-8078-3518-0 |page=65 |doi=10.5149/9780807869024_neely |jstor=10.5149/9780807869024_neely |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9780807869024_neely |access-date=23 March 2023 |quote=Perhaps no other feature of Union policy was more widely criticized nor more strenuously defended.}}
One of the reported victims of these troop transport riots was Francis X. Ward, a friend of James Ryder Randall. Randall, a native Marylander, was teaching at Poydras College in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, at the time and, moved by the news of his friend's death, wrote the nine-stanza poem "Maryland, My Maryland". The poem was a plea to his home state of Maryland to secede from the Union and join the Confederacy. Randall later claimed the poem was written "almost involuntarily" in the middle of the night on April 26, 1861. Being unable to sleep after hearing the news, he claimed that "some powerful spirit appeared to possess me... the whole poem was dashed off rapidly... [under] what may be called a conflagration of the senses, if not an inspiration of the intellect".{{cite book |last1=Fahs |first1=Alice |title=The Imagined Civil War: Popular Literature of the North and South, 1861-1865 |date=15 March 2010 |publisher=Univ of North Carolina Press |isbn=978-0-8078-9929-8 |page=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LV3qCQAAQBAJ&pg=PP5 |access-date=23 March 2023 |language=en}}
The poem contains many references to the Revolutionary War as well as to the Mexican–American War and Maryland figures in that war (many of whom have fallen into obscurity). It was first published in the New Orleans Sunday Delta. The poem was quickly turned into a song—put to the tune of "Lauriger Horatius"—by Baltimore resident Jennie Cary, sister of Hetty Cary.{{cite book|url=http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/harrison/harrison.html#harrison57|page=57| title=Recollections Grave and Gay| author=Mrs. Burton Harrison |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons| year=1911}} It became instantly popular in Maryland, aided by a series of unpopular federal actions there and throughout the South. It was sometimes called "the Marseillaise of the South". Confederate States Army bands played the song after they crossed into Maryland territory during the Maryland Campaign in 1862.{{Cite book|last=Scharf|first=J. Thomas|title=History of Maryland From the Earliest Period to the Present Day|publisher=Tradition Press|date=1967 |location = Hatboro, PA|volume=3|pages=494}} By 1864, the Southern Punch noted that the song was "decidedly most popular" among the "claimants of a national song" for the Confederacy.Alice Fahs. The Imagined Civil War: Popular Literature of the North and South, 1861–1865. The University of North Carolina Press, 2001: 79–80. {{ISBN|0-8078-2581-6}} According to some accounts, General Robert E. Lee ordered his troops to sing "Maryland, My Maryland" as they entered the town of Frederick, Maryland, but his troops received a cold response, as Frederick was located in the unionist western portion of the state.{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |title=Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era |date=29 September 2005 |publisher=OUP USA |isbn=978-0-19-516895-2 |pages=535–536 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=09FkZqu_YcMC |access-date=23 March 2023 |language=en}} At least one Confederate regimental band also played the song as Lee's troops retreated across the Potomac after the bloody Battle of Antietam.
During the War, a version of the song was written with lyrics that supported the U.S. cause.Shade, Colette. [https://newrepublic.com/article/130667/state-song-confederate-battle-cry "When a State Song Is a Confederate Battle Cry"], The New Republic, New York, February 29, 2016, retrieved on September 4, 2017.University Libraries. [https://www.lib.umd.edu/civilwarwomen/primary-source-evidence/music "Women, War, and Song"], University of Maryland, Maryland, retrieved on September 4, 2017.
After the War, author Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. compared "Maryland, My Maryland" with "John Brown's Body" as the two most popular songs from the opposing sides in the early months of the conflict. Each side, he wrote, had "a sword in its hand, each with a song in its mouth". The songs indicated as well their respective audiences, according to Holmes: "One is a hymn, with ghostly imagery and anthem-like ascription. The other is a lyric poem, appealing chiefly to local pride and passion."
Lyrics
File:James Ryder Randall 1861.jpg
I
The despot's heel is on thy shore,
Maryland!{{efn|Although the words as written, and as adopted by statute, contain only one instance of "Maryland" in the second and fourth line of each stanza, common practice is to sing "Maryland, my Maryland" each time to keep with the meter of the tune.}}
His torch is at thy temple door,
Maryland!
Avenge the patriotic gore
That flecked the streets of Baltimore,
And be the battle queen of yore,
Maryland! My Maryland!
II
Hark to an exiled son's appeal,
Maryland!
My mother State! to thee I kneel,
Maryland!
For life and death, for woe and weal,
Thy peerless chivalry reveal,
And gird thy beauteous limbs with steel,
Maryland! My Maryland!
III
Thou wilt not cower in the dust,
Maryland!
Thy beaming sword shall never rust,
Maryland!
Remember Carroll's sacred trust,
Remember Howard's warlike thrust,—
And all thy slumberers with the just,
Maryland! My Maryland!
IV
Come! 'tis the red dawn of the day,
Maryland!
Come with thy panoplied array,
Maryland!
With Ringgold's spirit for the fray,
With Watson's blood at Monterey,
With fearless Lowe and dashing May,
Maryland! My Maryland!
V
Come! for thy shield is bright and strong,
Maryland!
Come! for thy dalliance does thee wrong,
Maryland!
Come to thine own anointed throng,
Stalking with Liberty along,
And sing thy dauntless slogan song,
Maryland! My Maryland!
VI
Dear Mother! burst the tyrant's chain,
Maryland!
Virginia should not call in vain,
Maryland!
She meets her sisters on the plain—
Sic semper! 'tis the proud refrain
That baffles minions back amain,
Maryland! My Maryland!
VII
I see the blush upon thy cheek,
Maryland!
For thou wast ever bravely meek,
Maryland!
But lo! there surges forth a shriek,
From hill to hill, from creek to creek—
Potomac calls to Chesapeake,
Maryland! My Maryland!
VIII
Thou wilt not yield the Vandal toll,
Maryland!
Thou wilt not crook to his control,
Maryland!
Better the fire upon thee roll,
Better the blade, the shot, the bowl,
Than crucifixion of the soul,
Maryland! My Maryland!
IX
I hear the distant thunder-hum,
Maryland!
The Old Line's bugle, fife, and drum,
Maryland!
She is not dead, nor deaf, nor dumb—
Huzza! she spurns the Northern scum!
She breathes! she burns! she'll come! she'll come!
Maryland! My Maryland!
}}
{{notelist}}
Union versions
Like many other songs from the American Civil War, there were multiple variations of this song that were written for both the Union and Confederacy. One version was written by American songwriter Septimus Winner in 1862, and went like this:{{cite web |url=https://www.chroniclingillinois.org/items/show/20036 |title=Maryland, My Maryland |date=1862 |website=Chronicling Illinois |first=Septimus |last=Winner |author-link=Septimus Winner |publisher=Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum |access-date=April 6, 2025}}
I
The Rebel horde is on thy shore,
Maryland my Maryland!
Arise and drive them from thy door,
Maryland my Maryland!
Avenge the foe thou must abhor,
Who seeks thy fall, oh Baltimore,
Drive back the tyrant, peace restore,
Maryland! My Maryland!
II
Hark to a nation's warm appeal,
Maryland my Maryland!
And sister states that for thee feel,
Maryland my Maryland!
Gird now thy sons, with arms of steel,
And heavy be the blows they deal,
For traitors shall thy vengeance feel,
Maryland! My Maryland!
III
Thou wilt not cower in the dust,
Maryland my Maryland!
Thy beaming sword shall never rust,
Maryland my Maryland!
Thy sons shall battle with the just,
And soon repel the traitor's thrust,
For in their strength our state shall trust,
Maryland! My Maryland!
IV
Come! For thy men are bold and strong,
Maryland my Maryland!
Drive back the foe that would thee wrong,
Maryland my Maryland!
Come with thine own heroic throng,
And as thy army moves along,
Let Union be their constant song,
Maryland! My Maryland!
V
Virginia feels the tyrants chain,
Maryland my Maryland!
Her children lie around her slain,
Maryland my Maryland!
Our rights we know and will maintain,
Our rise shall be her fall again,
Maryland! My Maryland!
VI
I hear the distant battle's hum,
Maryland my Maryland!
I hear the bugle, fife and drum,
Maryland my Maryland!
Thou art not deaf, thou art not dumb,
Thou wilt not falter nor succumb,
I hear thee cry we come, we come,
Maryland! My Maryland!
VII
Ten hundred thousand, brave and free,
Maryland my Maryland!
Are ready now to strike with thee,
Maryland my Maryland!
A Million more still yet agree,
To help thee hold thy liberty,
For thou shalt ever be,
Maryland! Our Maryland!
}}
Efforts to repeal, replace, or revise Maryland's state song
Unsuccessful efforts to revise the lyrics to the song or to repeal or replace the song were attempted by members of the Maryland General Assembly in 1974, 1980, 1984, 2001, 2002, 2009, 2016, 2018, and 2019.Gaines, Danielle E. [https://www.fredericknewspost.com/news/politics_and_government/political-notes-state-song-legislation-on-the-horizon-and-a/article_9e1460bc-b5f9-587e-b884-a5482dfd0c9a.html "Political Notes: State song legislation on the horizon and a history of Winchester Hall"], Frederick News-Post, Frederick, 31 August 2017. Retrieved on 04 September 2017.Donovan, Doug, and Fishel, Ellen. [http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/politics/bs-md-state-song-debate-overview-20180315-story.html "The debate over Maryland's state song is a familiar refrain"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914124009/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/politics/bs-md-state-song-debate-overview-20180315-story.html |date=2018-09-14 }}, The Baltimore Sun, Baltimore, 15 March 2018. Retrieved on 11 April 2018.Gaines, Danielle E. [https://www.marylandmatters.org/blog/house-committee-again-considering-state-song-repeal/ "House Committee Again Considering State Song Repeal"], Maryland Matters, Takoma Park, 13 March 2019. Retrieved on 08 April 2019.
In July 2015, Delegate Peter A. Hammen, chairman of the Maryland House of Delegates House Health and Government Operations Committee, asked the Maryland State Archives to form an advisory panel to review the song. The panel issued a report in December 2015 that suggested that it was time the song was retired. The panel offered several options for revising the song's lyrics or replacing it with another song altogether.Wheeler, Timothy B. [http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/politics/bs-md-maryland-state-song-20151217-story.html "Maryland, My Maryland? Panel urges changes in state song"], The Baltimore Sun, Baltimore, 17 December 2015. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.
The panel report stated that the Maryland state song should:
- celebrate Maryland and its citizens;
- be unique to Maryland;
- be historically significant;
- be inclusive of all Marylanders;
- be memorable, popular, singable and short (one, or at the most, two stanzas long).Gaines, Danielle E. [http://www.fredericknewspost.com/news/politics_and_government/levels_of_government/state/advisory-group-recommends-retirement-of-maryland-s-state-song/article_8cd4d3ce-619f-5017-8c9d-def8b2a66879.html "Advisory group recommends retirement of Maryland's state song"], The Frederick News-Post, Frederick, 16 December 2015. Retrieved on 16 April 2016.
In 2016, the Maryland Senate passed a bill to revise the song to include just the third verse of Randall's lyrics and only the fourth verse of a poem of the same name, written in 1894 by John T. White.Wood, Pamala. [http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/politics/blog/ "Revised state song moves forward in Annapolis"], Baltimore Sun, Baltimore, 15 March 2017. Retrieved on 04 September 2017.[http://mlis.state.md.us/2009rs/bills/hb/hb1241f.pdf Maryland House bill 1241 (pdf)] This revision had the support of Maryland Senate President Thomas V. "Mike" Miller, who had resisted any changes to "Maryland, My Maryland" in the past.Gaines, Danielle E. [https://www.fredericknewspost.com/news/politics_and_government/levels_of_government/state/committee-hearing-on-state-song-attracts-impromptu-sing-alongs/article_d25f8719-9e62-568a-998d-026a2aafbd7c.html "Committee hearing on state song attracts impromptu sing-alongs"], The Frederick News-Post, Frederick, 10 February 2016. Retrieved on 07 September 2017.{{cite news|last=Wood|first=Pamela|title=University of Maryland band nixes Confederate state song, could lawmakers be next?|newspaper=The Baltimore Sun|date=August 29, 2017|pages=1 and 9|url=http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/education/higher-ed/bs-md-state-song-umd-20170828-story.html|access-date=September 5, 2017|archive-date=May 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520015004/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/education/higher-ed/bs-md-state-song-umd-20170828-story.html|url-status=dead}} It was not reported out of the Health and Government Operations Committee in the House of Delegates, however.Associated Press. [http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Move-Stalls-to-Change-Maryland-State-Song-From-Civil-War-Era-374175201.html "Move stalls change to Maryland state song from Civil War era"], WRC-TV, Washington, D. C., 31 March 2016. Retrieved on 07 September 2017.
On August 28, 2017, The Mighty Sound of Maryland, the marching band of the University of Maryland, suspended playing the song until they had time to review if it was aligned with the values of the school.Associated Press. [https://www.afro.com/umd-band-stops-playing-pro-confederate-song/ "UMD Band Stops Playing pro-Confederate Song"], Afro, Baltimore, 30 August 2017. Retrieved on 04 September 2017.
On March 16, 2018, the Maryland Senate passed an amended bill that would have changed the status of "Maryland! My Maryland!" from the "official State song" to the "Historical State song".Dance, Scott, and Dresser, Michael. [http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/politics/bs-md-state-song-senate-20180316-story.html "Senators pass bill stripping "Maryland, My Maryland" of official status"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028031417/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/politics/bs-md-state-song-senate-20180316-story.html |date=2018-10-28 }}, The Baltimore Sun, Baltimore, 16 March 2018. Retrieved on 11 April 2018. The bill received an Unfavorable Report by the House Health and Government Operations Committee on April 9, 2018.[http://mgaleg.maryland.gov/webmga/frmMain.aspx?pid=billpage&stab=03&id=sb0790&tab=subject3&ys=2018RS Maryland General Assembly]
A bill was filed in the House of Delegates for the 2020 session to appoint an advisory panel to "review public submissions and suggestions for a new State song", but the bill did not advance past the hearing because the General Assembly adjourned early because of the COVID-19 pandemic.Women's Democratic Club. [https://womensdemocraticclub.org/advocacy-committee-reports-1/wdc-takes-a-stand-retire-our-confederate-state-song-this-legislative-session "WDC Takes a Stand – Retire Our Confederate State Song This Session!"], "WDC, Montgomery County, 18, March 2020. Retrieved on 11 April 2020.[http://mgaleg.maryland.gov/2020RS/bills/hb/hb0181F.pdf Maryland House bill 0181 (pdf)]Collins, David. [https://www.wbaltv.com/article/coronavirus-prompts-maryland-general-assembly-to-adjourn/31751521# "Maryland General Assembly adjourns early due to coronavirus"], "WBAL, Baltimore, 18, March 2020. Retrieved on 11 April 2020.
On March 29, 2021, the Maryland legislature passed a bill to remove "Maryland, My Maryland" as the state song (with no replacement).{{Cite news|last=Vigdor|first=Neil|date=2021-03-30|title=Maryland's State Song, a Nod to the Confederacy, Nears Repeal|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/us/maryland-state-song.html|access-date=2021-04-19|issn=0362-4331}} Governor Larry Hogan signed the bill into law on May 18, 2021.
Other uses of the melody
The songs "Michigan, My Michigan", "Florida, My Florida", and "The Song of Iowa"{{cite web |url=http://publications.iowa.gov/135/1/profile/8-1.html |title=State Symbols and Song |publisher=Iowa Official Register |access-date=12 June 2012}} are set to the same tune as "Maryland, My Maryland".Baltimore Sun.. [http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/editorial/bs-ed-state-song-20160315-story.html "Maryland, my meh song"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613191722/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/editorial/bs-ed-state-song-20160315-story.html |date=2018-06-13 }}, The Baltimore Sun, Baltimore, 15 March 2016. Retrieved on 04 September 2017. The College of the Holy Cross[https://www.holycross.edu/departments/publicaffairs/hcm/summer00/GAA/gaa1-sum00.html Letter from the President of the General Alumni Association] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506225512/https://www.holycross.edu/departments/publicaffairs/hcm/summer00/GAA/gaa1-sum00.html |date=2021-05-06 }} Holy Cross Magazine and St. Bonaventure University{{Cite web |url=http://web.sbu.edu/friedsam/archives/football/Cheers.htm |title=St. Bonaventure website |access-date=2018-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527174747/http://web.sbu.edu/friedsam/archives/football/Cheers.htm |archive-date=2011-05-27 |url-status=dead }} both use the tune for their respective alma maters.
The socialist song "The Red Flag" has historically been sung to the same tune.{{cite web |url=https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/redflag.asp |title=Modern History Sourcebook: The Red Flag |work=Internet History Sourcebooks Project |access-date=September 30, 2021 |via=Fordham University }}
In the film version of Gone with the Wind, "Maryland, My Maryland" is played at the opening scene of the Charity Ball when Scarlett and Melanie are reacquainted with Rhett Butler. Kid Ory's Creole Jazz Band recorded an instrumental version of "Maryland, My Maryland" on September 8, 1945, in the New Orleans jazz revival.{{cite book|author-link=Stuart Nicholson (jazz historian)|first=Stuart|last=Nicholson|title=Essential Jazz Records: Volume 1: Ragtime to Swing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=imfYS0V5aF4C&pg=PA52|date=1 January 2000|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-0-7201-1708-0|pages=52–53}}
Bing Crosby included the song in a medley on his album 101 Gang Songs (1961). In 1962, Edmund Wilson used the phrase "patriotic gore" from the song as the title of his book on the literature of the Civil War.Wilson, Edmund. (1962). [https://archive.org/details/patrioticgore00edmu Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War]. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux. Republished in 1994 by W. W. Norton. {{ISBN|0-393-31256-9}} / {{ISBN|978-0-393-31256-0}}.
The third verse of "Maryland, My Maryland" was sung annually at the Preakness Stakes by the United States Naval Academy glee club;Shastry, Anjali. [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jan/21/maryland-my-maryland-state-song-latest-target-in-n/ "Maryland the latest target in nationwide Confederate cleansing"], The Washington Times, Washington, D. C., 21 January 2016. Retrieved on 31 March 2017. that practice was discontinued in 2020.{{cite news |url=https://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/243404/preakness-no-more-maryland-my-maryland |title=Preakness: No More 'Maryland, My Maryland' |first=Frank |last=Vespe |website=bloodhorse.com |date=September 10, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2020}}{{cite news |url=https://journalstar.com/sports/article_6e5d2aad-daa0-5f61-9e22-f111e644592f.html |title=Preakness 2020: No fans, no traffic, no booze, no May heat |first=David |last=Ginsburg |agency=AP |date=October 3, 2020 |access-date=October 3, 2020 |archive-date=October 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152519/https://journalstar.com/sports/article_6e5d2aad-daa0-5f61-9e22-f111e644592f.html |url-status=dead }}
See also
{{wikisource}}
References
{{Reflist|2}}
- Maryland State Archives (2004). [http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/song.html Maryland State Song – "Maryland, My Maryland"]. Retrieved 27 Dec. 2004.
- The Morrison Foundation for Musical Research, Inc. (15 Jan. 2004). [http://www.morrisonfoundation.org/james_ryder_randall.htm James Ryder Randall (1839–1908)]. Retrieved 27 Dec. 2004.
External links
- [https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/md-politics/marylands-state-song-is-way-off-key-panels-says/2015/12/27/69193220-a990-11e5-bff5-905b92f5f94b_story.html Washington Post: Maryland's state song is way off-key, panel says]
- [http://www.lib.umd.edu/civilwarwomen/exhibition/03song.html "Maryland, My Maryland": Women, War, and Song, at University of Maryland Libraries]
{{National anthems of North America}}
{{Maryland in the Civil War}}
{{Preakness Stakes}}
Category:United States state songs
Category:Songs of the American Civil War
Category:Maryland in the American Civil War