Mastoid antrum

{{Infobox bone

| Name = Mastoid antrum

| Latin = antrum mastoideum

| Image = Gray913.png

| Caption = Coronal section of right temporal bone. ("Tympanic antrum" labeled at upper left.)

| Image2 = Gray914.png

| Caption2 = The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity, lateral view. ("Mastoid antrum" labeled at upper left, in dark circle.)

}}

The mastoid antrum (tympanic antrum, antrum mastoideum, Valsalva's antrum) is an air space in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aditus to mastoid antrum (entrance to the mastoid antrum). These air spaces function as sound receptors, provide voice resonance, act as acoustic insulation and dissipation, provide protection from physical damage and reduce the mass of the cranium.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}

The roof is formed by the tegmen antri which is a continuation of the tegmen tympani and separates it from the middle cranial fossa.

The lateral wall of the antrum is formed by a plate of bone which is an average of 1.5 cm in adults.

The mastoid air cell system is a major contributor to middle ear inflammatory diseases.{{cite journal |last1=Koç |first1=Ahmet |first2=Osman |last2=Karaaslan |first3=Turgay |last3=Koç |year=2004 |title=Mastoid air cell system |journal=Otoscope |volume=4 |pages=144–54 |url=http://www.cty.com.tr/files/journals/4/544.pdf |access-date=2012-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522013926/http://www.cty.com.tr/files/journals/4/544.pdf |archive-date=2014-05-22 |url-status=dead }}