Mathematical Operators (Unicode block)

{{about|the Unicode block|operators in mathematics|Operator (mathematics)|mathematical symbols in Unicode, including other blocks|Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode}}

{{Infobox Unicode block

|blockname = Mathematical Operators

|rangestart = 2200

|rangeend = 22FF

|script1 = Common

|symbols = Mathematical symbols
Logic and Set operators
Relation symbols

|1_0_0 = 242

|3_2 = 14

|note = {{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/ucd/|title=Unicode character database|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=2023-07-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html|title=Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=2023-07-26}}

}}

Mathematical Operators is a Unicode block containing characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation.

Notably absent are the plus sign (+), greater than sign (>) and less than sign (<), due to them already appearing in the Basic Latin Unicode block, and the plus-or-minus sign (±), multiplication sign (×) and obelus (÷), due to them already appearing in the Latin-1 Supplement block, although a distinct minus sign (−) is included, semantically different from the Basic Latin hyphen-minus (-).

Block

Variation sequences

The Mathematical Operators block has sixteen variation sequences defined for standardized variants.{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/StandardizedVariants.txt|title=Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences | publisher=The Unicode Consortium}}{{citation|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00119-math.pdf|title=L2/00-119: Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode|section=Symbol variants defined using a Variation Selector|date=2000-04-19|first1=Ken|last1=Whistler|first2=Asmus|last2=Freytag}} They use {{sc2|U+FE00 VARIATION SELECTOR-1}} (VS01) to denote variant symbols (depending on the font):

Base character	Base	+VS01	Description
class="wikitable nounderlines" \|+ Variation sequences
U+2205 EMPTY SET	{{large\|∅}}	{{large\|∅︀}}	zero with long diagonal stroke overlay form
U+2229 INTERSECTION	{{large\|∩}}	{{large\|∩︀}}	with serifs
U+222A UNION	{{large\|∪}}	{{large\|∪︀}}	with serifs
U+2268 LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO	{{large\|≨}}	{{large\|≨︀}}	with vertical stroke
U+2269 GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO	{{large\|≩}}	{{large\|≩︀}}	with vertical stroke
U+2272 LESS-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO	{{large\|≲}}	{{large\|≲︀}}	following the slant of the lower leg
U+2273 GREATER-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO	{{large\|≳}}	{{large\|≳︀}}	following the slant of the lower leg
U+228A SUBSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO	{{large\|⊊}}	{{large\|⊊︀}}	with stroke through bottom members
U+228B SUPERSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO	{{large\|⊋}}	{{large\|⊋︀}}	with stroke through bottom members
U+2293 SQUARE CAP	{{large\|⊓}}	{{large\|⊓︀}}	with serifs
U+2294 SQUARE CUP	{{large\|⊔}}	{{large\|⊔︀}}	with serifs
U+2295 CIRCLED PLUS	{{large\|⊕}}	{{large\|⊕︀}}	with white rim
U+2297 CIRCLED TIMES	{{large\|⊗}}	{{large\|⊗︀}}	with white rim
U+229C CIRCLED EQUALS	{{large\|⊜}}	{{large\|⊜︀}}	with equal sign touching the circle
U+22DA LESS-THAN EQUAL TO OR GREATER-THAN	{{large\|⋚}}	{{large\|⋚︀}}	with slanted equal
U+22DB GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO OR LESS-THAN	{{large\|⋛}}	{{large\|⋛︀}}	with slanted equal

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Mathematical Operators block:

Version	{{nobr\|Final code points}}	Count	UTC ID	L2 ID	WG2 ID	Document
class="wikitable sticky-header"
rowspan="11" \| 1.0.0	rowspan="11" \| U+2200..22F1	rowspan="11" \| 242				(to be determined)
{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999-UTC/u1999-013.htm UTC/1999-013]}}			{{Citation\|title=Tildes and micro sign decompositions\|date=1999-05-27\|first=Kent\|last=Karlsson\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999/99176.htm L2/99-176R]}}		{{Citation\|title=Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999\|date=1999-11-04\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=Not Tilde}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00115.htm L2/00-115R2]}}		{{Citation\|title=Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83\|date=2000-08-08\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=Motion 83-M21}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2001/01342-10646-1-FPDAM1-comment.pdf L2/01-342]}}		{{Citation\|title=Comments accompanying the US positive vote on the FPDAM 1 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2001\|date=2001-09-10\|first=Michel\|last=Suignard\|ref=none\|section=T.9 B.1 List of combining characters/Variation selectors}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07268-n3253.pdf L2/07-268]}}	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3253.pdf N3253 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3253.doc doc])	{{Citation\|title=Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 50, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany; 2007-04-24/27\|date=2007-07-26\|first=V. S.\|last=Umamaheswaran\|ref=none\|section=M50.7 (Math symbol glyph correction) [U+22C4]}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15268-slashed-zero.pdf L2/15-268]}}		{{Citation\|title=Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set\|date=2015-10-30\|first1=Barbara\|last1=Beeton\|first2=Asmus\|last2=Freytag\|first3=Laurențiu\|last3=Iancu\|first4=Murray\|last4=Sargent\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15254.htm L2/15-254]}}		{{Citation\|title=UTC #145 Minutes\|date=2015-11-16\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=B.12.1.2 Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24173-middle-asterisk.pdf L2/24-173]}}		{{Citation\|title=Proposal to encode a Middle Asterisk as referred to in the German standard DIN 2137 [Affects U+2217]\|date=2024-06-06\|first=Karl\|last=Pentzlin\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24166-script-wg-rept.pdf L2/24-166]}}		{{Citation\|title=Recommendations to UTC #180 July 2024 on Script Proposals\|date=2024-07-18\|first1=Deborah\|last1=Anderson\|first2=Manish\|last2=Goregaokar\|first3=Jan\|last3=Kučera\|first4=Ken\|last4=Whistler\|first5=Roozbeh\|last5=Pournader\|first6=Peter\|last6=Constable\|ref=none\|section=20. Middle Asterisk [Affects U+2217]}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24159.htm L2/24-159]}}		{{Citation\|title=UTC #180 Minutes\|date=2024-07-29\|first=Peter\|last=Constable\|ref=none\|section=Section 20. Middle Asterisk\|quote=Consider adding an annotation to U+2217 that it may be used to represent the telephony asterisk}}
rowspan="3" \| 3.2	rowspan="3" \| U+22F2..22FF	rowspan="3" \| 14		{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00119-math.pdf L2/00-119]}}	[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2191.pdf N2191R]	{{Citation\|title=Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode\|date=2000-04-19\|first1=Ken\|last1=Whistler\|first2=Asmus\|last2=Freytag\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00234-n2203m.pdf L2/00-234]}}	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2203.rtf N2203 (rtf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2203.txt txt])	{{Citation\|title=Minutes from the SC2/WG2 meeting in Beijing, 2000-03-21 -- 24\|date=2000-07-21\|first=V. S.\|last=Umamaheswaran\|ref=none\|section=8.18}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00115.htm L2/00-115R2]}}		{{Citation\|title=Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83\|date=2000-08-08\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=Motion 83-M11}}
class="sortbottom" \| colspan="7" \| {{reflist\|group=lower-alpha\|refs= Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B block for additional math-related documents}}

References

Category:Unicode blocks

Category:Mathematical symbols

Version	{{nobr\|Final code points}}	Count	UTC ID	L2 ID	WG2 ID	Document
class="wikitable sticky-header"
rowspan="11" \| 1.0.0	rowspan="11" \| U+2200..22F1	rowspan="11" \| 242				(to be determined)
{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999-UTC/u1999-013.htm UTC/1999-013]}}			{{Citation\|title=Tildes and micro sign decompositions\|date=1999-05-27\|first=Kent\|last=Karlsson\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999/99176.htm L2/99-176R]}}		{{Citation\|title=Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999\|date=1999-11-04\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=Not Tilde}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00115.htm L2/00-115R2]}}		{{Citation\|title=Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83\|date=2000-08-08\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=Motion 83-M21}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2001/01342-10646-1-FPDAM1-comment.pdf L2/01-342]}}		{{Citation\|title=Comments accompanying the US positive vote on the FPDAM 1 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2001\|date=2001-09-10\|first=Michel\|last=Suignard\|ref=none\|section=T.9 B.1 List of combining characters/Variation selectors}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07268-n3253.pdf L2/07-268]}}	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3253.pdf N3253 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3253.doc doc])	{{Citation\|title=Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 50, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany; 2007-04-24/27\|date=2007-07-26\|first=V. S.\|last=Umamaheswaran\|ref=none\|section=M50.7 (Math symbol glyph correction) [U+22C4]}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15268-slashed-zero.pdf L2/15-268]}}		{{Citation\|title=Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set\|date=2015-10-30\|first1=Barbara\|last1=Beeton\|first2=Asmus\|last2=Freytag\|first3=Laurențiu\|last3=Iancu\|first4=Murray\|last4=Sargent\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15254.htm L2/15-254]}}		{{Citation\|title=UTC #145 Minutes\|date=2015-11-16\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=B.12.1.2 Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24173-middle-asterisk.pdf L2/24-173]}}		{{Citation\|title=Proposal to encode a Middle Asterisk as referred to in the German standard DIN 2137 [Affects U+2217]\|date=2024-06-06\|first=Karl\|last=Pentzlin\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24166-script-wg-rept.pdf L2/24-166]}}		{{Citation\|title=Recommendations to UTC #180 July 2024 on Script Proposals\|date=2024-07-18\|first1=Deborah\|last1=Anderson\|first2=Manish\|last2=Goregaokar\|first3=Jan\|last3=Kučera\|first4=Ken\|last4=Whistler\|first5=Roozbeh\|last5=Pournader\|first6=Peter\|last6=Constable\|ref=none\|section=20. Middle Asterisk [Affects U+2217]}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24159.htm L2/24-159]}}		{{Citation\|title=UTC #180 Minutes\|date=2024-07-29\|first=Peter\|last=Constable\|ref=none\|section=Section 20. Middle Asterisk\|quote=Consider adding an annotation to U+2217 that it may be used to represent the telephony asterisk}}
rowspan="3" \| 3.2	rowspan="3" \| U+22F2..22FF	rowspan="3" \| 14		{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00119-math.pdf L2/00-119]}}	[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2191.pdf N2191R]	{{Citation\|title=Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode\|date=2000-04-19\|first1=Ken\|last1=Whistler\|first2=Asmus\|last2=Freytag\|ref=none}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00234-n2203m.pdf L2/00-234]}}	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2203.rtf N2203 (rtf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2203.txt txt])	{{Citation\|title=Minutes from the SC2/WG2 meeting in Beijing, 2000-03-21 -- 24\|date=2000-07-21\|first=V. S.\|last=Umamaheswaran\|ref=none\|section=8.18}}
	{{nobr\|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00115.htm L2/00-115R2]}}		{{Citation\|title=Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83\|date=2000-08-08\|first=Lisa\|last=Moore\|ref=none\|section=Motion 83-M11}}
class="sortbottom" \| colspan="7" \| {{reflist\|group=lower-alpha\|refs= Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B block for additional math-related documents}}

Mathematical Operators (Unicode block)

Block

Variation sequences

History

See also

References