Matilde Throup
{{Infobox person
| name = Matilde Throup
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Matilde Throup Sepúlveda
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1876|08|18|df=y}}
| birth_place = Angol, Chile
| death_date = 1922 (aged 46)
| death_place =
| alma mater = University of Chile
| occupation = Attorney
}}
Matilde Throup Sepúlveda (18 August 1876 – 1922) was the first Chilean woman to receive the title of attorney, and the third to obtain a professional title after the institution of the {{Interlanguage link multi|Decreto Amunátegui|es}} of 1877 which allowed women to be admitted to universities.{{Cite book |url=http://www.humanas.cl/wp-content/uploads/2014/publicaciones/10%20algunas%20otras%202010.pdf |title=Algunas, otras |trans-title=Some Others |chapter=Matilde Throup |publisher=Corporación Humanas |isbn=9789568555184 |pages=87–95 |language=Spanish |year=2010 |access-date=4 November 2016}}
Biography
Matilde Throup Sepúlveda was born in Angol in 1876, the daughter of a former Chilean Army soldier. On 28 March 1887 she obtained a Bachelor of Philosophy and Humanities degree. She subsequently applied to study at the University of Chile's {{Interlanguage link multi|Faculty of Law, University of Chile|es|3=Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Chile|lt=Faculty of Law and Political Science}}, where she received a Bachelor of Law and Political Science on 25 May 1891.
On 6 June 1892 she obtained a Licentiate of Laws, becoming the first Chilean woman to receive a university degree, which enabled her to receive the title of attorney granted by the Supreme Court. The second woman to become an attorney was Matilde Brandau, in 1898.{{Cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r4l8DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA56 |title=Supermadre: Women in Politics in Latin America |chapter=Women in Public Life |last=Chaney |first=Elsa M. |publisher=University of Texas Press |page=56 |isbn=9780292772632 |date=1 August 2014 |access-date=4 November 2016 |via=Google Books}} Throup's degree was used as a precedent by Belgium and Argentina when granting the title of attorney to women.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lO-ZbNCbkwQC&pg=PA168 |chapter=La primera graduada en la Facultad de Derecho y sus repercusiones |trans-chapter=The First Woman Graduate of the Faculty of Law and Her Repercussions |title=La mujer chilena |trans-title=The Chilean Woman |last=Klimpel |first=Felícitas |publisher=Andrés Bello |pages=168–169 |year=1962 |language=Spanish |access-date=4 November 2016 |via=Google Books}}
After becoming a lawyer, Throup ran for the office of court clerk of the {{Interlanguage link multi|Courts of Letters of Chile|es|3=Juzgados de Letras de Chile|lt=Courts of Letters}}, notary, and {{Interlanguage link multi|Conservator of Real Estate|es|3=Conservador de bienes raíces (Chile)}} for Ancud. The {{Interlanguage link multi|Court of Appeals of Concepción|es|3=Corte de Apelaciones de Concepción}}, which oversaw this civil service entrance examination, requested a ruling from the {{Interlanguage link multi|Fiscalía Judicial|es|3=Fiscalía Judicial de Chile}} in respect to her eligibility. It opined that a woman could not serve in the post, and this view was endorsed by the Court of Appeals in an order published 6 April 1893. Throup appealed to the Supreme Court, which overturned the initial decision on 23 September 1893, setting a precedent regarding the right of women to hold public offices requiring the title of attorney, with the same conditions as for men.
Throup later competed for the posts of officer of the Civil Registry and Identification Service for Santiago, and notary public of Santiago. She was accepted for both exams, and in the latter case was included in the short list from which the position was chosen by the government.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Cite web |url=http://www.memoriachilena.cl/602/w3-article-755.html |title=Mujeres y profesiones universitarias (1900–1950) |trans-title=Women and University Professions (1900–1950) |website=Memoria Chilena}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Throup, Matilde}}
Category:Chilean people of English descent
Category:Chilean women lawyers