Matteo Bartoli
{{Short description|Italian linguist (1873–1946)}}
{{Expand language|topic=bio|langcode=it|date=August 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name =
|image = Matteo_Bartoli.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|birth_name =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1873|11|22|df=yes}}
|birth_place = Albona, Austria-Hungary
{{small|(now Labin, Croatia)}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|1946|1|23|1873|11|22|df=yes}}
|death_place = Turin, Kingdom of Italy
|nationality = Italian
|other_names =
|known_for = {{bulleted list|Last and most complete documentation of the Dalmatian language|Bartoli's law}}
|alma_mater = University of Vienna
|workplaces = University of Turin
|fields = linguistics, comparative linguistics, classical languages, Dalmatian language
}}
Matteo Giulio Bartoli (22 November 1873 – 23 January 1946){{Cite book|title=Lexicon Grammaticorum
|url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3484971126|isbn=3484971126|pages=104–105
|editor=Harro Stammerjohann |year=2009|author=Tullio De Mauro}} was an Italian linguist from Istria (then a part of Austria-Hungary, today part of modern Croatia).
He obtained a doctorate at the University of Vienna, where his adviser was Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke, in 1898. He was influenced by certain theories of the Italian philosopher Benedetto Croce and the German linguist Karl Vossler. He later also studied with Jules Gilliéron in Paris. From Gilliéron he acquired a penchant for fieldwork, and from 1900 on, he published numerous dialectological studies of Istrian dialects.
In 1907, he became professor of the comparative history of classical and neo-Latin languages in the Faculty of Letters at the University of Turin, where he served until his death.
His study on the Dalmatian language, Das Dalmatische (2 vol. 1906) is the only known complete description of the language, which is now extinct. It remains "the standard work on Dalmatian", and contains every known text in the language.{{Cite book|title=Romance Linguistics and the Romance Languages: A Bibliography of Bibliographies
|url=https://archive.org/details/romancelinguisti0000bach|url-access=registration|isbn=0729300552
|author1=Kathryn F. Bach|author2=Glanville Price|year= 1977|page=[https://archive.org/details/romancelinguisti0000bach/page/167 167]}} Bartoli used data gathered in 1897 from the last speaker of Dalmatian, Tuone Udaina, who was killed in an explosives accident on 10 June 1898.
He also wrote Introduzione alla neolinguistica ("Introduction to neolinguistics", 1925) and Saggi di linguistica spaziale ("Essays in spatial linguistics", 1945) and was the teacher of Antonio Gramsci.{{Cite book|language=it|chapter=BARTOLI, Matteo Giulio|author=Tullio De Mauro|title=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani |volume=6 |year=1964
|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/matteo-giulio-bartoli_(Dizionario-Biografico)/}}
Biography
A graduate of the University of Vienna and lecturer in Historical linguistics at the University of Turin from 1908 until his death in 1946, he became famous for his contributions in the field of Language geography, particularly his four rules on geographical areas. He contributed to the Atlante Linguistico Italiano Fu anzi proprio il Bartoli a elaborare, nel 1924, il piano generale dell'Atlante e ad enunciare, in collaborazione con Giulio Bertoni, i criteri della neolinguistica e a promuovere, in particolare, la diffusione della geografia linguistica. Si veda, in proposito, la nota analitica di Ruggero Maria Ruggieri: «L'Atlante linguistico italiano», in Letteratura italiana - I Critici, Volume quarto, Milano, Marzorati, 1970, pp. 2762-2764. and was a teacher of Antonio Gramsci. Influenced greatly by his mentor Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke and by some of the theories of Benedetto Croce and Karl Vossler, he took a keen interest in Italian dialectology, a then emerging and methodologically advanced discipline, and wrote works on the Dalmatian language, including Das Dalmatische (1906).Si tratta di una vasta monografia sulla varietà romanza parlata nell'isola di Veglia, «unica superstite moribonda di quella lingua». Questo saggio del Bartoli fu il frutto delle lunghe ricerche da lui iniziate nell'Università di Vienna nel 1897, in preparazione della sua tesi di laurea, discussa nel 1903. Per ulteriori approfondimenti, si rinvia al profilo «Matteo Giulio Bartoli», di Benvenuto Terracini, in Letteratura italiana - I Critici, cit., pp. 2751-2762. He is buried in Turin's Monumental Cemetery.{{Cite web|url=http://www.cimiteritorino.it/benemeriti-arcate56/|title=ubicazione tomba Bartoli}}
See also
- Neolinguistics, the school of linguistics founded by Matteo Bartoli as a reaction to the Neogrammarians.
References
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Category:19th-century linguists
Category:20th-century Italian linguists
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