Mattstetten–Rothrist new line

{{Short description|Swiss higher-speed railway line}}

{{Infobox rail line

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| name = Mattstetten–Rothrist new line

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| image = InterCity-Neigezug auf NBS Mattstetten-Rothrist.jpg

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| caption = Intercity tilting train on the Mattstetten–Rothrist line

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| start = Olten

| end = Bern

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| linelength_km = 45.079

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| tracks = 2

| gauge = {{RailGauge|sg|lk=on}}

| minradius = {{convert|3000|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}

| electrification = 15 kV/16.7 Hz AC overhead catenary

| maxincline = 2.0%

| speed = {{convert|200|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}}

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| map_state = collapsed

| map = {{Mattstetten–Rothrist new line}}

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The Mattstetten–Rothrist new line (Neubaustrecke Mattstetten-Rothrist) is Switzerland's first railway to reach speeds above 160 km/h (100 mph) in regular operations, running between Mattstetten and Rothrist. It forms most of the Olten–Bern railway line, which makes up over half of the trunk route connecting Switzerland's main city, Zürich and its capital, Bern. The new line opened on 12 December 2007, as the centrepiece of the Rail 2000 project, a comprehensive upgrade of Swiss railways.

The line is almost {{convert|52|km|mi}} long, with one branch. At Wanzwil junction, a {{convert|10|km|mi|adj=on}} upgraded former local line to Solothurn connects to the rest of the Jura foot railway line (to Biel/Bienne, Neuchâtel, Yverdon and Geneva). The line has a maximum speed of {{convert|200|km/h}} and has reduced the travel time between major Swiss hubs of Bern, Basel and Zurich to under an hour, allowing the regular interval timetable (German: Taktfahrplan) to be implemented, where both express and stopping trains on all lines arrive and leave on the hour at Bern and Zurich stations, allowing a great number of convenient connections. The line was the longest new line built in Switzerland since 1926. Construction began in April 1996{{cite journal|journal= Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau |title= Baubeginn|trans-title= Start of construction|page= 593 |volume=45 |issue=10 |year=1996 |language=German}} and the last piece of rail was put into place on 30 April 2004 at the Bern-Solothurn canton border at Inkwil on the connection to Solothurn.{{cite journal|journal=Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau |title= Neubaustrecke Mattstetten–Rothrist fertiggestellt |trans-title= New build Mattsetten–Rothrist line completed|page=593 |volume=53 |issue=6 |year=2004|language=German}}

The Mattstetten–Rothrist was the first in Switzerland to put the European Train Control System (ETCS) into regular operation. This was originally planned for December 2004 but had to be repeatedly postponed because of technical problems.{{cite news|title= Vorerst nur auf Neubaustrecken|trans-title= For now on new-build lines only|publisher=Neue Zürcher Zeitung |date=26 April 2007|language=German}} On 2 July 2006 testing at night was started and trains ran from 22:30 at up to {{convert|160|km/h|0|abbr=on}} with ETCS; from 23 July testing started at 21:30.{{cite journal|journal=Today's Railways Europe|title=ETCS starts well|page=57|issue=129|date=September 2006}} Switching from conventional signalling with external signals to in-cab ETCS signalling was successively brought into operation and on 18 March 2007, trains began to run with full ETCS Level 2 signalling at up to {{convert|160|km/h|0|abbr=on}}; since December 2007 they have run at up to {{convert|200|km/h|0|abbr=on}}. The ETCS trackside equipment consists of a Radio Block Center, the required balises and an electronic interlocking.{{cite journal|last= Trümpi|first= Arnold|title= ETCS Level 2: success for the Swiss Federal Railways|journal= European Railway Review|issue= 2007 Issue 3|date= 6 June 2007|access-date= 1 June 2016|page=98 |url= http://www.europeanrailwayreview.com/1459/past-issues/etcs-level-2-success-for-the-swiss-federal-railways/}}