Maturation inhibitor

The maturation inhibitors are a class of antiviral drugs for the treatment of infection with HIV. They act by interfering with the maturation of the virus. Specifically, drugs in this class disrupt the final step in the processing of the HIV-1 gag protein, the cleavage of its immediate precursor by the enzyme HIV-1 protease. Unlike the class of drugs known as protease inhibitors, maturation inhibitors bind the gag protein, not the protease. This leads to the formation of noninfectious, immature virus particles, incapable of infecting other cells. No other class of drugs shares this mechanism of action, thus maturation inhibitors retain inhibitory activity against HIV infections with resistance.{{cite journal |vauthors=Salzwedel K, Martin DE, Sakalian M |title=Maturation inhibitors: a new therapeutic class targets the virus structure |journal=AIDS Rev |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=162–72 |year=2007 |pmid=17982941 |url=http://www.aidsreviews.com/resumen.asp?id=970&indice=200793&u=unp |access-date=2009-02-21 |archive-date=2016-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803052249/http://www.aidsreviews.com/resumen.asp?id=970&indice=200793&u=unp |url-status=dead }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Adamson CS, Salzwedel K, Freed EO |title=Virus maturation as a new HIV-1 therapeutic target |journal=Expert Opin. Ther. Targets |volume=13 |issue=8 |pages=895–908 |date=August 2009 |pmid=19534569 |pmc=2737327 |doi=10.1517/14728220903039714 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Waheed AA, Freed EO |title=HIV type 1 gag as a target for antiviral therapy |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=54–75 |date=January 2012 |pmid=21848364 |doi=10.1089/AID.2011.0230 |pmc=3251841 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Jiang Y, Liu X, de Clercq E |title=New therapeutic approaches targeted at the late stages of the HIV-1 replication cycle |journal=Curr. Med. Chem. |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=16–28 |year=2011 |pmid=21110817 |doi=10.2174/092986711793979751}}

There are no currently available drugs from the class; however several clinical trials have been conducted. The first maturation inhibitor to be studied in humans was bevirimat,{{cite journal |vauthors=Stoddart CA, Joshi P, Sloan B, Bare JC, Smith PC, Allaway GP, Wild CT, Martin DE |title=Potent activity of the HIV-1 maturation inhibitor bevirimat in SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=2 |issue=11 |pages=e1251 |year=2007 |pmid=18043758 |pmc=2080775 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0001251 |bibcode=2007PLoSO...2.1251S |doi-access=free }} {{open access}} another was MPC-9055 (vivecon).{{cite news |url=http://www.natap.org/2008/HIV/091808_01.htm |title=New HIV maturation inhibitor MPC-9055 |date=17 September 2008 |publisher=National AIDS Treatment Advocacy Project |accessdate=10 June 2012 }} Both were developed by Myriad Genetics, which has discontinued the maturation inhibitor program in 2010.{{cite news |url=http://www.aidsmeds.com/articles/hiv_bevirimat_mpc4326_1667_18528.shtml |title=Myriad Genetics suspends its HIV Maturation Inhibitor Program |publisher=AIDSmeds |date=8 June 2012 |accessdate=27 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908132831/http://www.aidsmeds.com/articles/hiv_bevirimat_mpc4326_1667_18528.shtml |archive-date=8 September 2015 |url-status=dead }} Others in development include BMS-2838232.