Matutidae
{{Short description|Family of crabs}}
{{automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Middle Eocene|Recent}}
| image = Kinsengani0905-1.jpg
| image_caption = Ashtoret lunaris, dorsal side
| image2 = Kinsengani0905-2.jpg
| image2_caption = Male Ashtoret lunaris, ventral side
| display_parents = 6
| taxon = Matutidae
| authority = De Haan, 1835 {{cite web |author1=Peter Davie |author2=Michael Türkay |name-list-style=amp |year=2009 |title=Matutidae |publisher=World Register of Marine Species |url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=106759 |access-date=January 17, 2010}}
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = See text
}}
Matutidae is a family of crabs, sometimes called moon crabs,{{cite web |url=http://www.wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/crustacea/crab/matutidae/matutidae.htm |title=Moon crabs, Family Matutidae |date=October 2008 |publisher=Wild Singapore |author=Ria Tan}} adapted for swimming or digging. They differ from the swimming crabs of the family Portunidae in that all five pairs of legs are flattened, rather than just the last pair, as in Portunidae. Crabs in the Matutidae are aggressive predators.{{cite web |title=Family MATUTIDAE De Haan, 1835 |work=Australian Faunal Directory |publisher=Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts |date=October 9, 2009 |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/MATUTIDAE |access-date=January 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110401223427/http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/MATUTIDAE |archive-date=April 1, 2011 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}
Taxonomy
Traditionally, this taxon contained the single genus Matuta, and was considered a subfamily of the Calappidae. Now, the group is ranked as a family and six genera (four extant and two fossil) are now recognised.{{cite journal|journal=Raffles Bulletin of Zoology |year=2009 |volume=Suppl. 21 |pages=1–109 |title=A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans |author1=Sammy De Grave |author2=N. Dean Pentcheff |author3=Shane T. Ahyong |url=http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s21/s21rbz1-109.pdf |format=PDF |display-authors=etal |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606064728/http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s21/s21rbz1-109.pdf |archivedate=2011-06-06 }} Although placed in the Calappoidea, it is not clear that Matutidae and Calappidae are closely related.{{cite journal|journal=Raffles Bulletin of Zoology |year=2008 |volume=17 |pages=1–286 |title=Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world |author=Peter K. L. Ng |author2=Danièle Guinot |author3=Peter J. F. Davie |name-list-style=amp |url=http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s17/s17rbz.pdf |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606061453/http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s17/s17rbz.pdf |archivedate=2011-06-06 }}
- Ashtoret Galil & P. F. Clark, 1994
- † Eomatuta De Angeli & Marchiori, 2009
- Izanami Galil & P. F. Clark, 1994
- Matuta Weber, 1795
- Mebeli Galil & P. F. Clark, 1994
- † Szaboa Müller & Galil, 1998
Image:Ashtoret picta (photo Miguel Ramirez).jpg|Ashtoret picta
Image:Specimen of Izanami curtispina.JPG|Izanami curtispina
Image:Matuta victor - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo - DSC06764.JPG|Matuta victor
Image:Specimen of Matuta planipes.jpg|Matuta planipes
Fossil record
Szaboa is known only from Hungarian fossil deposits of Middle Miocene age.{{cite journal |journal=Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum |volume=29 |year=2002 |pages=93–94 |title=First record of a Miocene matutid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from Japan |author=Hiroaki Karasawa |url=http://www.city.mizunami.gifu.jp/sightseeing/mizunami/cultural_property/institution/Bull29/BMFM29-093-094(76kB).pdf?PHPSESSID=ab344723232868688e7e59c049311f4a |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051220230845/http://www.city.mizunami.gifu.jp/sightseeing/mizunami/cultural_property/institution/Bull29/BMFM29-093-094(76kB).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2005-12-20 }} Eomatuta was described from the Middle Eocene of Italy in 2009.{{cite journal |author1=A. de Angeli |author2=L. Marchiori |name-list-style=amp |year=2009 |title=Eomatuta granosa n. gen., n. sp. (Decapoda, Brachyura, Matutidae), nuovo crostaceo dell'Eocene dei Monti Berici (Vicenza, Italia settentrionale) |journal=Lavori Società Veneziana di Scienze Naturali |volume=34 |pages=105–110 |url=http://www.svsn.it/joomla/volume-34/de-angeli-a.-marchiori-l.-2009.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722053948/http://www.svsn.it/joomla/volume-34/de-angeli-a.-marchiori-l.-2009.html |archivedate=2011-07-22 }} Fossils of Ashtoret have also been found in Miocene deposits in Japan.
References
{{Reflist|32em}}
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