Max Henius
{{Short description|Danish-American biochemist}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1859|6|16}}
| birth_place = Aalborg, Denmark
| death_date = {{death date and age|1935|11|15|1859|6|16}}
| nationality = Danish, American
| alma_mater = University of Marburg (Ph.D.)
| occupation = Chemist
| spouse = {{marriage|Johanne Louise Heiberg|1883}}
| relatives = Keith Carradine, Robert Carradine, Michael Bowen (great-grandsons)
}}
Max Henius (June 16, 1859 – November 15, 1935) was a Danish-American biochemist who specialized in the fermentation processes. Max Henius co-founded the American Academy of Brewing in Chicago.{{cite web
|url= http://denstoredanske.dk/Dansk_Biografisk_Leksikon/Handel_og_industri/Bryggeritekniker/Max_Henius
|title= Max Henius
|date= July 17, 2011
|publisher= Dansk Biografisk Leksikon
|accessdate= December 25, 2015}}
Background
Henius was born in Aalborg, Denmark. His parents were Emilie (née Wasserzug; 1839–1913) and Isidor Henius (1820–1901), both Polish Jewish immigrants. His father, who was born in Thorn, West Prussia (now Toruń, Poland), emigrated to Denmark in 1837 and continued his work for spirits distillers to improve and standardise production and later – on January 15, 1846 – co-founded one distillery, Aalborg priviligerede Sirup- og Spritfabrik, that was later, together with several other distilleries, consolidated into De Danske Spritfabrikker in 1881, a Danish distillery which – since 2012 – is part of the Norwegian Arcus Group, which closed the distillery in Aalborg in 2015, moving production to Norway instead. Isidor Henius also owned a small castle in Aalborg, now called Sohngaardsholm Slot. Since 2005, it has been the site of a gourmet restaurant.{{cite web|url= http://flps.newberry.org/article/5420780_3_0876|title= Biography of Max Henius|publisher= National Endowment for the Humanities.|author= Hilda Holmes |date=November 27, 1936 |accessdate= December 25, 2015}}{{cite web|url= http://www.biennews.com/rebilds-max-henius-barndomshjem-sohngaardshold-er-sat-til-salg/|title= Rebilds Max Henius barndomshjem Sohngaardsholm er sat til salg|publisher=Bien Publishing Inc.|date=April 8, 2013|accessdate= December 25, 2015}}
Max Henius was educated at the Aalborg Latin School and went on to study at the Polytechnic Institute in Hanover, Germany He attended the University of Marburg, earning his Ph.D. degree in chemistry during 1881. His father sold the distillery that same year. Max Henius subsequently emigrated from Aalborg to the United States in 1881 at the age of 22, settling in Chicago. His younger brother, Erik S. Henius, (1863–1926) remained in Denmark where he was chairman of the Danish Export Association.{{cite web |url= http://www.kulturarv.dk/1001fortaellinger/en_GB/danish-distillers-aalborg|title= De Danske Spritfabrikker i Aalborg|publisher=The Danish Labour Market Holiday Fund|author= Kathrine G. Bjerregaard |accessdate= December 25, 2015}}{{cite web|url= http://nordjyske.dk/nyheder/sohngaardsholm-slot-lukket/ec2febaa-fa10-4b83-aa79-b6e4fb92db14/112/1513|title= Sohngaardsholm Slot lukket|website=nordjyske.dk|date=July 2, 2013 |accessdate= December 25, 2015}}{{cite web|url= http://www.rosekamp.dk/kbb1910/H.htm#HENIUS%20Erik%20S|title= Henius, Erik S.|website= rosekamp.dk |accessdate= December 25, 2015}}
He had another brother, Louis Henius (1870-1938), who was the grandfather of author Suzanne Brøgger.
Career
Initially he was employed by the Northern Pacific Railway on an assignment to test the waters between Fargo, North Dakota, and Bozeman, Montana. In 1886, he opened a drug store. Subsequently, he formed Wahl & Henius, an institute for chemical and mechanical analysis, with his former schoolmate, Robert Wahl (1858–1937). Founded in 1891, the Chicago-based American Brewing Academy (later known as the Wahl-Henius Institute of Fermentology) was one of the premier brewing schools of the pre-prohibition era. This institute was later expanded with a brew master school that operated until 1921, after the passage of the Volstead Act in 1919.American Brewing Academy – Tenth Anniversary Reunion (American Brewing Academy, 1901){{cite web
|url= http://wahl-genealogy.blogspot.com/
|title= Robert Wahl, Ph.D.: Chemist, Brewing Technologist, Instructor, Teacher, Writer, Statesman
|publisher= Wahl Genealogy America (1847)
|author= Roger W. Wahl
|date= May 16, 2006
|accessdate= December 25, 2015}}
|url= http://flps.newberry.org/article/5420780_1_0211
|title= The Wahl-Henius Institute
|publisher= National Endowment for the Humanities
|date= 1914
|accessdate= December 25, 2015}}
At the beginning of the twentieth century, Max Henius became interested in Danish-American organizations in Chicago. Funds were being raised by Danish Americans to purchase {{convert|200|acre|km2}} of heather-covered hills, located in part of Rold Forest (Danish: Rold Skov), Denmark's largest forest. In 1912 Max Henius presented the deed to H.M. King Christian X as a permanent memorial from Danish Americans. Rebild National Park (Danish:Rebild Bakker) is today a Danish national park situated near the town of Skørping in Rebild municipality, Region Nordjylland in northern Jutland, Denmark.
|url= http://www.rebildfesten.dk/selskabets-historie/
|title= Historien bag Rebild Bakker
|publisher= Rebild National Park Society Inc.
|date= 2012
|accessdate= December 25, 2015
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151227085212/http://www.rebildfesten.dk/selskabets-historie/
|archive-date= December 27, 2015
|url-status= dead
}}
Every July 4 since 1912, except during the two world wars, large crowds have gathered in the heather-covered hills of Rebild to celebrate American Independence Day. On the slope north of Rebild, where the residence of Max Henius was once located, a bust was placed in his memory.{{Cite web |url=http://www.rebildfesten.dk/default.asp?pageId=69&mainId=12&lang=UK |title=Max Henius (The Ribald National Park Society) |access-date=September 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719131058/http://www.rebildfesten.dk/default.asp?pageId=69&mainId=12&lang=UK |archive-date=July 19, 2011 |url-status=dead }}
Personal life
He married Danish-born Johanne Louise Heiberg (1860–1934) on June 4, 1883. She was daughter of MD Emil Theodor Heiberg and Johanne (Hanne) Henriette Jacoba Schmidt. They had three children, Henry, Emil, and Gerda. Their great-grandchildren include actors Keith Carradine, Robert Carradine, Christopher Carradine, and Michael Bowen.
Selected works
- American liquor code, an outline (1933)
- Stepping stones from prohibition (1932)
- The error in the National prohibition act (1931)
- Modern liquor legislation and systems in Finland, Norway, Denmark and Sweden (1931)
- Danish beer & continental beer gardens (1914){{cite book |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001133639 |title=Danish Beer & Continental Beer Gardens; Illustrated Lecture by Max Henius |last=Henius |first=Max |year=1914 |location=New York |via=HathiTrust Digital Library |publisher=United States Brewers' Association}}
- Den danskfødte Amerikaner (1912){{cite book |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000563989 |title=Den danskfødte Amerikaner |last=Henius |first=Max |year=1912 |location=Chicago, IL. |via=HathiTrust Digital Library |publisher=København-Forlaostrykkeriet |language=Danish}}
- American Handy-Book of the Brewing, Malting and Auxiliary Trades jointly with Robert Wahl (1901){{cite book |title=American Handy Book of the Brewing, Malting and Auxiliary Trades |last1=Wahl |first1=Robert |last2=Henius |first2=Max |year=1908 |location=Chicago, IL. |publisher=Wahl-Henius Institute|hdl = 2027/umn.31951000394270p}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Primary sources
- Max Henius, a biography (by Max Henius Memoir Committee. Chicago, 1936)
External links
- [http://www.rebildutah.com/ Rebild National Park Society, Inc.]
- [http://www.visitrebild.dk/international/en-gb/menu/turist/inspiration/naturoplevelser/rebildbakker/rebildbakker.htm The Rebild Hills]
- [http://www.sohngaardsholmslot.dk Sohngaardsholmslot]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Henius, Max}}
Category:American people of Polish-Jewish descent
Category:Danish emigrants to the United States
Category:19th-century Danish Jews
Category:Danish people of Polish-Jewish descent
Category:Jewish American scientists
Category:Scientists from Chicago
Category:Northern Pacific Railway people
Category:19th-century American pharmacists
Category:19th-century American Jews