Max Scheuer
{{short description|Austrian footballer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox football biography
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|name = Max Scheuer
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|birth_date = 9 September 1895
|birth_place = Austria-Hungary
|death_place = Auschwitz, German-occupied Poland
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|position = Defender
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|nationalyears1 = 1923
|nationalteam1 = Austria
|nationalcaps1 = 1
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Max Scheuer (9 September 1895 – post August 1941) was an Austrian international footballer who played the defender position.{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/hakoah-wien/10/|title=Hakoah Wien - Players from A-Z|website=worldfootball.net}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/max-scheuer/6/gegner/|title=Max Scheuer » Record by opponent|website=worldfootball.net}} He played for the Austria national football team in the 1923 season. In the 1920s, he played for and captained Hakoah Vienna. He was murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp at some point after August 1941.
Biography
Scheuer was born in Austria, and was Jewish.Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver (1965). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AgmDAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Max+Scheuer%22+football Encyclopedia of Jews in Sports]
Scheuer was in the starting lineup and played as a defender for the Austria national football team against the Hungary national football team in a FIFA match in the 1923 season.{{Cite web|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/43358/Max_Scheuer.html|title=Max Scheuer|first=Benjamin|last=Strack-Zimmermann|website=national-football-teams.com}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/max-scheuer/4/|title=Max Scheuer » Internationals|website=worldfootball.net}}
In the 1920s Scheuer played for and captained Hakoah Vienna, an all-Jewish club.{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2019/may/06/remembering-the-cream-of-jewish-footballing-talent-killed-in-the-holocaust|author=David Bolchover|title=Remembering the cream of Jewish footballing talent killed in the Holocaust|date=May 6, 2019|website=The Guardian}}
David Bolchover (2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=mdKlDgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Max+Scheuer%22+football&pg=PT32 The Greatest Comeback: From Genocide To Football Glory; The Story of Béla Guttman]Alan McDougall (2020). [https://books.google.com/books?id=U1fMDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Max+Scheuer%22+football&pg=PA120 Contested Fields; A Global History of Modern Football] With the team he won the Austrian championship in the 1924–25 Austrian First League season, the first professional Austrian football title.{{Cite web|url=http://centraleuropeaneconomicandsocialhistory.com/danube-football-viennas-identification-with-football-and-the-danube-maidens-viennas-female-swimming-champions-until-1938|title="DANUBE FOOTBALL" – VIENNA'S IDENTIFICATION WITH FOOTBALL – AND THE "DANUBE MAIDENS" – VIENNA'S FEMALE SWIMMING CHAMPIONS (until 1938)|author=Susanne Wurm|date=March 9, 2018 |work= Central European Economic and Social History}}
In 1927, he and the team came to the United States to play the Bethlehem Steel Football Club in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, the defending U.S. champion and 1926-27 champion of the American Soccer League.[http://bethlehemsteelsoccer.org/gl041927b.html "HAKOAH SOCCER TEAM HERE FOR BIG CLASH; Vienna Stars Quartered at Hotel Bethlehem -- Game at Lehigh Tomorrow; STEEL TEAM IN TOP FORM,"] The Globe-Times -- Bethlehem, April 19, 1927. He fled Austria to France, and played briefly for Olympique Marseille.Kevin E. Simpson (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=9_7lDAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Max+Scheuer%22+football&pg=PA117 Soccer Under the Swastika; Stories of Survival and Resistance During the Holocaust]William Bowman (2011). [https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1019&context=histfac "Hakoah Vienna and the International Nature of Interwar Austrian Sports,"] Central European History 44, 642–68.
He was captured by the Nazis while he was in France, on his way to neutral Switzerland. Aged 45, Scheuer was sent to Drancy internment camp in France, and then to Auschwitz concentration camp, where he was killed in the early 1940s.{{Cite web|url=https://physicalculturestudy.com/2014/11/20/hakoah-wien-and-muscular-judaism/|title=Hakoah Wien and Muscular Judaism|first=Conor|last=Heffernan|date=November 20, 2014|website=Physical Culture Study}}
Scheuer was one of at least seven Hakoah footballers killed in the Holocaust.Anthony Clavane (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=PJCXBQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Max+Scheuer%22+football&pg=PT56 Does Your Rabbi Know You're Here?; The Story of English Football's Forgotten Tribe] Others were Josef Kolisch, Ali Schönfeld, Oskar Grasgrün, Ernst Horowitz, and the brothers Erwin Pollak and Oskar Pollak.{{Cite web|url=https://footballski.fr/hakoah-vienne-lhistoire-dun-monument-juif|title=Hakoah Vienne, l'histoire d'un monument juif|first=Pierre|last=Vuillemot|date=November 8, 2015|website=Footballski}}
References
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Category:Jewish Austrian sportspeople
Category:Hakoah Vienna footballers
Category:Austria men's international footballers
Category:Austrian expatriate sportspeople in France
Category:Austrian men's footballers
Category:Men's association football defenders
Category:Expatriate men's footballers in France
Category:Olympique de Marseille players
Category:Drancy internment camp prisoners
Category:Austrian people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp