Max Wallraf

Wallraf was born in Cologne. His parents were the lawyer and legal administrator Reiner Ludwig Wallraf (died 1877) and Wilhelmine Wallraf, {{nee}} Berghaus (died 1906).{{sfn|Romeyk|1994|p=799}} He obtained his {{lang|de|Abitur}} at the {{ill|Apostelgymnasium|de}} in 1878, and studied law at the universities of Bonn, Heidelberg and Leipzig from 1878 to 1881. He became a trainee at the Oberlandesgericht Köln court in Cologne in 1881.{{sfn|Romeyk|1994|p=800}} In 1885, he was sent to the {{lang|de|Regierungsbezirk}} Oppeln (now Opole) in Upper Silesia. He passed his state examination in Berlin in December 1886.{{sfn|Lange|1991|p=277}}

Wallraf served as a {{ill|Landrat (Germany|de|Landrat (Deutschland)|lt=Landrat}} (supreme district administrator) in the Prussian administration from 1888 to 1898, first for the district of Malmedy, then for the district of Sankt Goar. After serving in the provincial administration of the Rhine Province in Koblenz, he became head of the police in Aachen, where he served from 1900 to 1903.{{sfn|Bundesarchiv|2007}}

On 13 July 1907, after lengthy negotiations involving his father-in-law Joseph Pauli, Wallraf was unanimously elected mayor of Cologne, as a Catholic following two Protestant mayors and as a compromise candidate who was acceptable to all factions.{{sfn|Williams|2001|p=53}} As mayor of Cologne, he also was a member of the Prussian House of Lords.{{sfn|Williams|2001|p=67}}{{sfn|Lilla|2017}} He resigned in August 1917 when he was offered the position of state secretary (similar to a minister in other parliamentary systems) in the Ministry of the Interior{{sfn|Williams|2001|p=72}} and was replaced as mayor by Konrad Adenauer, who had worked as his deputy before{{sfn|Prittie|1979|p=35}} and who was married to Wallraf's niece Emma Weyer.{{sfn|Ziblatt|2017|p=288}} As State Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of Reich Chancellor Georg von Hertling, Wallraf supported the suppression of the German strike of January 1918.{{sfn|Bailey|1980|pp=171–172}} In addition to his tenure as interior minister (23 October 1917–6 October 1918), Wallraf was minister without portfolio in the state government of Prussia from 7 January to 4 October 1918.{{sfn|Romeyk|1994|p=800}}

From 1921 to 1924, Wallraf was a member of the Landtag of Prussia and from 1924 to 1930 of the Reichstag, representing the national-conservative German National People's Party (DNVP).{{sfn|Bundesarchiv|2007}}

Wallraf was elected President of the Reichstag on 28 May 1924,{{sfn|Deutscher Reichstag|1924|p=12}} after the May 1924 German federal election, as the DNVP together with the Agricultural League was the largest parliamentary group.{{sfn|Beck|2008|p=39}} He was replaced by his predecessor Paul Löbe on 7 January 1925 after the December 1924 German federal election.{{sfn|Deutscher Reichstag|1925|pp=9–10}} During 1924, Wallraf was among those DNVP members who did not oppose the Dawes Plan, which caused a bitter dispute within the DNVP.{{sfn|Beck|2008|p=41}}

Wallraf became a member of the Nazi Party on 1 May 1933.{{sfn|Schäfke|2020|p=27}}

Wallraf was married twice. His first marriage was in 1889 to Emma Kesselkaul (22 July 1868 – 29 October 1892), the daughter of a merchant.{{sfn|Romeyk|1994|pp=799–800}} Their son {{ill|Max Wallraf (born 1891)|de|Max Wallraf (Landrat)|lt=Max Wallraf}} (1891–1972) also studied law and became an administrator.{{sfn|Romeyk|1994|p=800}} In 1897, Wallraf got married for a second time, to Anna Pauli (1871–1932), the daughter of landowner and president of the Rhineland Agricultural Society, Joseph Pauli.{{sfn|Romeyk|1994|p=800}} They had two sons.{{sfn|Lange|1991|p=276}}

He died in Oberstdorf in 1941.{{sfn|Bundesarchiv|2007}} A street in the Cologne district of Lindenthal is named after him.{{sfn|Adenauer|2008}}

{{reflist|20em}}

• {{Cite book |last=Soénius |first=Ulrich S |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/198924220 |title=Kölner Personen-Lexikon |date=2008 |isbn=978-3-7743-0400-0 |language=German |oclc=198924220|page=562|contributor-last=Adenauer|contributor-first=Konrad|contributor-link=Konrad Adenauer|contribution=Wallraf, Max}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Bailey |first=Stephen |date=1980 |title=The Berlin Strike of January 1918 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4545893 |journal=Central European History |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=158–174 |doi=10.1017/S0008938900009080 |jstor=4545893 |s2cid=145384448 |issn=0008-9389}}
• {{Cite book |last=Beck |first=Hermann |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BG9Or-27pdsC&q=max+wallraf |title=The Fateful Alliance: German Conservatives and Nazis in 1933 : the Machtergreifung in a New Light |date=2008 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-84545-496-8 |language=en}}
• {{Cite web |last=Bundesarchiv |date=2007 |title=Kurzbiographien der Personen in den "Akten der Reichskanzlei, Weimarer Republik" |url=https://www.bundesarchiv.de/aktenreichskanzlei/1919-1933/0000/adr/adrsz/kap1_5/para2_29.html |access-date=6 October 2021 |website=www.bundesarchiv.de |language=de}}
• {{Cite book |last=Deutscher Reichstag |url=https://www.reichstagsprotokolle.de/Blatt2_w2_bsb00000065_00022.html |title=Verhandlungen des Deutschen Reichstags|volume=381 |year=1924 |location=Berlin|publisher=Reichsdruckerei}}
• {{Cite book |last=Deutscher Reichstag |url=https://www.reichstagsprotokolle.de/Blatt2_w3_bsb00000068_00019.html |title=Verhandlungen des Deutschen Reichstags |volume=384|year=1925|location=Berlin|publisher=Reichsdruckerei}}
• {{Cite book |contributor-last=Lange|contributor-first=Helmut|last1=Jeserich |first1=Kurt G. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LgsaAAAAYAAJ |title=Persönlichkeiten der Verwaltung: Biographien zur deutschen Verwaltungsgeschichte 1648–1945 |last2=Neuhaus |first2=Helmut |contribution=Ludwig Theodor Ferdinand Max Wallraf (1859–1941) |date=1991 |publisher=W. Kohlhammer |isbn=978-3-17-010718-2 |language=de|pages=276–280}}
• {{Cite web |last=Lilla |first=Joachim |date=2017 |title=Die Vertretung rheinischer Städte im Preußischen Herrenhaus 1854-1918 |url=http://www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de/Epochen-und-Themen/Themen/die-vertretung-rheinischer-staedte-im-preussischen-herrenhaus-1854-1918/DE-2086/lido/5aec0ef50ee7f5.20170311 |access-date=7 October 2021 |website=www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de |language=de}}
• {{Cite book |last=Prittie |first=Terence |url=https://archive.org/details/velvetchancellor0000prit |title=The Velvet chancellors : a history of post-war Germany |date=1979 |publisher=New York : Holmes & Meier |isbn=978-0-584-10461-5}}
• {{Cite book |last=Romeyk|first=Horst|url=http://www.ub.uni-koeln.de/cdm/ref/collection/grhg/id/50334 |title=Publikationen der Gesellschaft für Rheinische Geschichtskunde |date=1994 |publisher=Droste |isbn=978-3-7700-7585-0|language=de|volume=69|pages=799–800}}
• {{Cite book |last=Schäfke |first=Werner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbkAEAAAQBAJ&dq=%2522max%2520wallraf%2522%2520%2522nsdap%2522%2520-wiki%2520-wikipedia&pg=PT27 |title=Kölns Weg in die Gegenwart: Vom Ende des Kaiserreichs bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |date=5 October 2020 |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht |isbn=978-3-412-51695-6 |language=de}}
• {{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Charles |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7mhpKYpugJsC&dq=wallraf&pg=PA67 |title=Adenauer: The Father of the New Germany |date=21 June 2001 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-471-43767-3 |language=en}}
• {{Cite book |last=Ziblatt |first=Daniel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=leCBDgAAQBAJ&dq=%2522konrad%2520adenauer%2522%2520%2522max%2520wallraf%2522&pg=PA288 |title=Conservative Political Parties and the Birth of Modern Democracy in Europe |date=17 April 2017 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-00162-6 |language=en}}

{{s-start}}

{{s-off}}

{{s-bef|before=Wilhelm von Becker}}

{{s-ttl|title=Mayor of Cologne|years=1907–1917}}

{{s-aft|after=Konrad Adenauer}}

|-

{{s-bef|before=Karl Helfferich}}

{{s-ttl|title=Reich Minister for Interior|years=1917–1918}}

{{s-aft|after=Karl Trimborn}}

|-

{{s-bef|before=Paul Löbe}}

{{s-ttl|title=President of the Reichstag|years=1924–1925}}

{{s-aft|after=Paul Löbe}}

{{s-end}}

{{Interior Ministers of Germany}}

{{Mayors of Cologne}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wallraf, Max}}

Category:1859 births

Category:1941 deaths

Category:Mayors of Cologne

Category:Members of the Landtag of Prussia

Category:Members of the Prussian House of Lords

Category:German National People's Party politicians

Category:Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic

Category:Members of the Reichstag 1924

Category:Members of the Reichstag 1924–1928

Category:Members of the Reichstag 1928–1930

Category:German Roman Catholics

Category:Interior ministers of Germany