Meanderings of Memory

{{further|topic=the use of historical citations within the OED|Oxford English Dictionary}}

The OED is a comprehensive multi-volume historical dictionary, whose first edition was published in installments called fascicles between 1884 and 1928. The definition of every sense of every headword entry is accompanied by quotations, listed chronologically, from cited sources, to illustrate when and how the word was used.

{{cite book|last=Winchester|first=Simon|author-link=Simon Winchester|title=The Meaning of Everything: The Story of the Oxford English Dictionary|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-860702-4}} These citations were mostly submitted to the editors by volunteer readers in what current OED editors describe as an early instance of what is now called crowdsourcing. The editors selected a subset of quotations, including the earliest one for a given sense, for inclusion. They typically verified the citations given, though some might be taken on trust based on the submitter's reputation or previous reliability.{{cite book |last=Winchester |first=Simon |title=The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Harper Collins |year=1998 |isbn=0-06-017596-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aq4kwjS8_g0C |page=25}}

The first edition of the OED included citations from Meanderings of Memory for senses of 50 entries: chapelled, cock-a-bondy, couchward, day, dike/dyke, droop, dump, epistle, extemporize, fancy, flambeau, flesh, foodless, fringy, full, gigantomachy, goal, goalward, hearthward, idol, inscriptionless, lump, peaceless, rape, re- (prefix), reliefless, rheumatize, sanctuaried, sap, sarcophage, scarf, scavage, shoe, slippery, sun, templed, transplanter, tribe, tribunal, trouse, trunked, un- (prefix), unbusy, unstuff, vermined, vulgar, warmthless, wen, whinge, and width.{{cite web|title=The Oxford English Dictionary|url=http://www.oed.com|format=online [login required]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|access-date=17 May 2013}} In 2010, the third edition of the OED added the word revirginize, whose earliest citation is the 51st from Meanderings of Memory. Inspection of the original submission slips in the OED archive in 2013 revealed that they came from Edward Peacock (1831–1915), an antiquary, writer, and regular OED volunteer reader living near Brigg in Lincolnshire.

The second (1989) edition of the OED retained almost all the information of the first edition essentially unrevised. The third edition (publication ongoing since 2000) is fully revisiting all entries. A staff member revising the entry for revirginize in 2013 sought to verify the word's earliest citation, from Meanderings of Memory: "Where that cosmetic ... Shall e'er revirginize that brow's abuse". When the staffer failed to locate the work, OED chief bibliographer Veronica Hurst launched a deeper search.{{cite magazine |magazine=The New Yorker |last=Weiss |first=Sasha |title=Have You Seen This Book? An O.E.D. Mystery |date=4 May 2013 |url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/books/2013/05/oxford-english-dictionary-mystery-meanderings-of-memory.html |publisher=Condé Nast |location=New York |oclc=1760231}} No copy could be located; Hurst found no mention in Google Books, the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography or other works consulted; and confirmation of the book's existence initially rested entirely upon a short listing in an 1854 catalogue of G. Gancia, a bookseller in Brighton:

{{blockquote|

MEANDERINGS of Memory, by Nightlark, 8vo, boards

London, 1852 6s

Written and published by a well-known connoisseur with the epigraph "Cur potius lacrimæ tibi mi Philomela placebant?"

}}

Investigating the Latin epigraph was another dead end. It translates to "why did my tears please you more, my Philomel?" and does not appear to be a quotation from another work.

On 3 May 2013, OED editors posted about the book on the "OED Appeals" section of the website, which continues the volunteer-reader tradition by asking the public for help with the history of particular words or other lexicographic issues.{{cite web|url=http://public.oed.com/the-oed-appeals/about-the-oed-appeals/|title=About the OED Appeals|work=Oxford English Dictionary|access-date=12 June 2013}} The original post was:

{{Quotation|

A number of quotations in the OED derive from a book with the title Meanderings of Memory. However, we have been unable to trace this title in library catalogues or text databases. All these quotations have a date of 1852, and some cite the author as 'Nightlark'.

The only evidence for this book's existence that we have yet been able to find is a single entry in a bookseller's catalogue:

File:Listing for Meandering of Memory, by Nightlark-2.png

Have you ever seen a copy of this book? Can you identify the 'well-known connoisseur' mentioned by the bookseller?|}}

The appeal was reported in the general media.

Seven Gancia catalogues are bound in a volume once owned by an A. F. Rodger, now in the Oxford University library and on Google Books. Three of these list Meanderings of Memory, with variations in detail and price: the Third Catalogue for 1852 on page 20;[https://books.google.com/books?id=rjQIAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA6-PA20 "G. Gancia's Third Catalogue for 1852 of Rare Books, and manuscripts of extraordinary Beauty, Early-printed Books upon Vellum, Romances, Faceties, Poetry, Travels, &c., on sale at 73, King's Road, Brighton." p.20] (in 7 bookseller's catalogues) the First Catalogue for 1854 on page 10;[https://books.google.com/books?id=rjQIAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA5-PP2 "G. Gancia's First Catalogue for 1854 of Rare Books, and Manuscripts of extraordinary beauty, Early-Printed Books, Romances, Poetry, Aldines, Elzeviers, Chronicles, Books of Prints, Travels, &c., on sale at 73, King's Road, Brighton." p.10] (in 7 bookseller's catalogues) and the Second Catalogue for 1854 (referred to by the OED) on page 27.[https://books.google.com/books?id=rjQIAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA3-PA3 "G. Gancia's Second Catalogue for 1854 of Rare Books and Manuscripts of extraordinary beauty, Early-Printed Books, Romances, Poetry, Aldines, Elzeviers, Chronicles, Books of Prints, Travels, &c., on sale at 73, King's Road, Brighton." p.27] (in 7 bookseller's catalogues) The John Rylands Library, which contains many of Edward Peacock's private papers, found no copy of Meanderings of Memory. In 1893, a reader{{#tag:ref|The reader, "Gandy", also asked values for other books: The Substance of Some Letters Written from Paris During the Last Reign of the Emperor Napoleon (1816 edition, by John Hobhouse, 1st Baron Broughton); A Circumstantial Narrative of the Campaign in Russia (1829, by {{ill|Eugène Labaume|fr}}); and The Commercial Room (1847, by Edward Gandy). |group="n"}} asked The Bazaar, Exchange and Mart to value the book; it replied, "We know nothing about this book, never having seen it before. The probability is that it is of little value."{{cite journal |journal=The Bazaar, Exchange and Mart, and Journal of the Household |volume=48 |date=13 March 1893 |page=469 |title=To Correspondents; Literature |location=London }}

Hurst suggested the book might contain content considered pornographic by Victorians, potentially resulting in nonstandard cataloguing.{{Cite episode |title=Word nerds issue call for etymological help |series=The Rachel Maddow Show |access-date=12 June 2013 |transcript=Transcript |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna51943511 |network=NBC News |location=New York City |date=17 May 2013 |number=646 |minutes=54 }} It might have been self- or privately published with a very small print run. Following the appeal to the public, another reference to Meanderings of Memory was found in an 1854 Sotheby's catalogue, which rendered less likely the notion that the work might be a hoax by a nineteenth-century miscreant. Identification of Peacock as the reader corroborated this. Given the "flowery" character of the work's quotations appearing in the OED, and in light of the Sotheby's auction record, Hurst postulates that Meanderings of Memory may turn out to be a short book of poetry.{{cite news |last=Tobar |first=Hector |title=Oxford English Dictionary's hunt for the origins of 'revirginize' |url=http://www.latimes.com/features/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-the-oxford-english-dictionary-searches-for-an-obscure-possibly-erotic-book-20130514,0,4665254.story |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=15 May 2013}}

In Christopher Linforth's 2014 short story "Here is the Light", among the miscellanea collected by protagonist Pym Dark are "flowery poetry chapbooks (including the sordid volume, the Meanderings of Memory)".{{cite book |last1=Linforth |first1=Christopher |title=When You Find Us We Will Be Gone |date=August 2014 |publisher=Lamar University Press |location=Beaumont, Texas |isbn=978-0-9911074-9-0 |page=147 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/whenyoufinduswew0000linf/page/147 |chapter=Here is the Light}}

{{reflist|group="n"}}

{{reflist|group="ned"|18em}}

• {{cite book |orig-year=1852–54 |year=n.d. |title=7 bookseller's catalogues |first=G. |last=Gancia |others=Bound volume ex libris A.F. Rodger |url=http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?vid=OXVU1&docId=oxfaleph014221553 |id=Bodleian Library Aleph 014221553 }}
• [https://books.google.com/books?id=rjQIAAAAQAAJ Google Books scan] (HTML)
• [http://dbooks.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/books/PDFs/590401577.pdf Bodleian Library scan] (PDF 96.6 MB)

{{Reflist|colwidth=25em}}

{{commons category|Meanderings of Memory}}

• [http://public.oed.com/appeals/meanderings-of-memory OED Appeals: Meanderings of Memory, unknown source]

{{Authority control}}

Category:1852 non-fiction books

Category:Lexicography

Category:Crowdsourcing

Category:Lost books

Category:Works of unknown authorship

Category:Oxford English Dictionary