Melanosteus
{{Short description|Genus of extinct fishes}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = Melanomontanosteus
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|382.7|372.2|Late Devonian}}
| image = Melanosteus occitanus.jpg
| image_caption = Life restoration of Melanomontanosteus occitanus
| regnum = Animalia
| phylum = Chordata
| classis = †Placodermi
| ordo = †Arthrodira
| subordo = †Brachythoraci
| familia = †Selenosteidae
| genus = †Melanomontanosteus
| type_species = †Melanomontanosteus occitanus
| type_species_authority = (Lelièvre & Goujet in Lelièvre, Feist, Goujet, & Blieck, 1987){{cite journal |last1=Lelièvre |first1=H. |last2=Fiest |first2=R. |last3=Goujet |first3=D. |last4=Blieck |first4=A. |date=1987 |title=Les vertébres dévoniens de la Montagne Noire (Sud de la France) et leur apport à la phylogénie des pachyosteomorphes (Placodermes Arthrodires) |journal=Palaeovertebrata |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=1–26 |url=https://palaeovertebrata.com/issues/view/73}}
| synonyms =
{{collapsible list|title=Genus synonymy|
- Melanosteus
Lelièvre & Goujet in Lelièvre, Feist, Goujet, & Blieck, 1987 (preoccupied by Melanosteus Eisenack, 1942){{cite journal |last=Eisenack |first=A. |date=1942 |title=Die Melanoskleritoiden, eine neue Gruppe silurischer Mikrofossilien aus dem Unterstamm der Nesseltiere |journal=Paläontologische Zeitschrift |volume=23 |issue=1–2 |pages=157–180 |doi=10.1007/BF03184419|bibcode=1942PalZ...23..157E }}
}}
{{collapsible list|title=Species synonymy|
- Melanosteus occitanus
Lelièvre & Goujet in Lelièvre, Feist, Goujet, & Blieck, 1987
}}
}}
Melanomontanosteus is an extinct genus of selenosteid placoderm that lived during the Late Devonian. It contains one valid species, M. occitanus, known from fossils found in Southern France.
Taxonomy
Melanosteus occitanus was named by Hervé Lelièvre and Daniel Goujet in 1987 for a specimen from Montagne Noire consisting of the jaws and the cranial and thoracic armor. However, that genus name was preoccupied by the melanosclerite Melanosteus. In 2023, Artem M. Prokofiev proposed Melanomontanosteus as a replacement name.
Phylogeny
Melanomontanosteus has been classified as a member of the family Selenosteidae since its original description. Below is a simplified cladogram based on the results of Jobbins et al. (2022).{{Cite journal |last1=Jobbins |first1=M. |last2=Rücklin |first2=M. |last3=Ferrón |first3=H.G. |last4=Klug |first4=C. |date=2022 |title=A new selenosteid placoderm from the Late Devonian of the eastern Anti-Atlas (Morocco) with preserved body outline and its ecomorphology |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |volume=10 |page=969158 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2022.969158 |doi-access=free |hdl=10550/85583 |hdl-access=free }}
{{Clade|style=font-size:85%; line-height:85%
|label1=Brachythoraci
|1={{Clade
|2={{Clade
|1=Homostiidae
|2={{Clade
|label2=Eubrachythoraci
|2={{Clade
|1={{Clade
}}
|label2=Pachyosteomorphi
|2={{Clade
|2={{Clade
|1={{Clade
}}
|label2=Aspinothoracidi
|2={{Clade
|1=Stenosteus
|label2=Selenosteidae
|2={{Clade
|1={{Clade
|2={{Clade
}} }}
|2={{Clade
|2={{Clade
|1=Rhinosteus
|2=Selenosteus
|3={{Clade
|1=Amazichthys
|2={{Clade
|1=Melanomontanosteus
|2={{Clade
|2={{Clade
|1=Enseosteus
|2=Walterosteus
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}