Merlyn Merlyn-Rees, Baron Merlyn-Rees, {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|PC}} (né Merlyn Rees; 18 December 1920 – 5 January 2006) was a British Labour Party politician and Member of Parliament from 1963 until 1992. He served as Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1974–1976) and Home Secretary (1976–1979).

Early life

Rees was born in Cilfynydd, near Pontypridd, Glamorgan, the son of Levi Rees, a war veteran who moved from Wales to England to find work.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/jan/05/labour.uk1|title=Lord Merlyn-Rees|date=5 January 2006|author=Edward Pearce|newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=9 December 2019}} He was educated at Harrow Weald Grammar School, Harrow, England and Goldsmiths College, London where he was president of the students' union. Goldsmiths was evacuated to Nottingham University early in the war, where Rees served in Nottingham University Air Squadron.{{Cite web |url=http://www.wakefieldtoday.co.uk/mk4custompages/CustomPage.aspx?SectionID=5478 |title= "Your Online Guide to Yorkshire People" |date=2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041221210326/http://www.wakefieldtoday.co.uk/mk4custompages/CustomPage.aspx?SectionID=5478 |archive-date=21 December 2004 |publisher=Wakefieldtoday.co.uk }}

In 1941 Rees joined the Royal Air Force, becoming a squadron leader and earning the nickname "Dagwood". He served in Italy as operations and intelligence officer to No 324 Squadron under Group Captain W. G. G. Duncan Smith (father of the future Conservative leader).{{cite ODNB|title = Rees, Merlyn Merlyn-, Baron Merlyn-Rees (1920–2006), politician|doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/97033|last = Richard|first = Ivor|date = 2010}} One of Rees's Spitfire pilots in Italy, Frank Cooper, became his Permanent Secretary at the Northern Ireland Office.

After the war, Rees declined a permanent commission in the RAF, and instead attended the London School of Economics where he received BSc(Econ) and MSc(Econ). He was appointed schoolmaster at his old school in Harrow in 1949, teaching economics and history. He taught for eleven years, during which time he was three times an unsuccessful parliamentary candidate for Harrow East, in 1955, 1959, and in a 1959 by-election. He was a member of the Institute of Education at the University of London from 1960 to 1962.

Member of Parliament

At a by-election in 1963, Rees stood as the Labour candidate for Leeds South and succeeded Labour leader Hugh Gaitskell, who had died in office. (The constituency was renamed Morley and Leeds South in 1983.) He held the seat until he stepped down from the House of Commons at the 1992 general election.

In 1965 Rees became Parliamentary Under-Secretary at the Ministry of Defence, with responsibility for the army (1965–1966) and later for the Royal Air Force (1966–1968). Denis Healey, who was then Secretary of State for Defence, had served with Rees in the Italian campaign.{{Cite web |url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/936/career |title=Merlyn Rees – Parliamentary career |publisher=UK Parliament }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/rees-merlyn-a9415|title=Rees, Merlyn |publisher=Dictionary of Irish Biography }} Rees was Parliamentary Under-Secretary at the Home Office, where James Callaghan was Home Secretary, from November 1968 until the June 1970 general election.

In October 1971 Rees became Labour Party spokesman on Northern Ireland. When the Labour government returned to office in March 1974, he was appointed Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. One month after Rees's appointment, he lifted the proscription against the illegal loyalist paramilitary organisation, the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) to bring them into the democratic process.Taylor, Peter (1999). Loyalists. London: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, p. 124. The UVF was implicated in the 17 May 1974 Dublin and Monaghan bombings and the group was banned again by the British Government on 3 October 1975. Rees' decision to permit the Sunningdale power sharing arrangements to collapse in Northern Ireland was described as 'supine' by former SDLP leader, Seamus Mallon.{{Cite news |first=Seamus |last=Mallon |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/seamus-mallon-i-saw-john-hume-s-raw-courage-as-he-faced-bloodthirsty-paras-1.4321203 |title=Seamus Mallon: I saw John Hume's raw courage as he faced bloodthirsty Paras |date=4 August 2020 |newspaper=Irish Times }}"Belfast years remembered for vacillation in face of loyalist strike" (5 January 2006). The Irish Times, p. 14. Rees was almost assassinated by the IRA in July 1976. He was to travel to the Republic to consult with the Ambassador Christopher Ewart-Biggs and Irish ministers but postponed his trip after Margaret Thatcher refused to allow Northern Ireland ministers to pair their votes in House of Commons divisions. Rees wrote later that it seemed likely the IRA had known of his impending visit but were unaware of its cancellation. Ewart-Biggs and FCO official Judith Cooke died in a landmine explosion.{{cite web|date=19 July 2001 |title=MEMORIAL SERVICE FOR CHRISTOPHER EWART-BIGGS, BRITISH AMBASSADOR TO THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND, 1976 |url=https://www.wired-gov.net/wg/wg-news-1.nsf/54e6de9e0c383719802572b9005141ed/6b5fc952088d3044802572ab004b4468?OpenDocument |publisher=Foreign and Commonwealth Office |location=London}}

Rees later wrote of his experiences in Northern Ireland in Northern Ireland: a Personal Perspective.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cGGHAAAAIAAJ&q=cosgrave|title=Northern Ireland: A Personal Perspective|first=Merlyn|last=Rees|date=23 July 1985|publisher=Methuen|isbn=9780413525901 |via=Google Books}}London: Methuen, 1985. {{ISBN|0-413-52590-2}}

In September 1976 Rees was appointed Home Secretary and remained in that post until Labour's defeat in the 1979 UK elections.

=Retirement=

File:Merlyn Rees Avenue.jpg, West Yorkshire]]

When Rees retired from the House of Commons in 1992, he was created a life peer as Baron Merlyn-Rees, of Morley and South Leeds in the County of West Yorkshire and of Cilfynydd in the County of Mid Glamorgan and entered the House of Lords, having changed his name, on 23 June 1992, by deed poll to Merlyn Merlyn-Rees to allow his title to be Merlyn-Rees rather than Rees.{{London Gazette |issue=52982 |date=6 July 1992 |page=11339}}{{London Gazette |issue=52985 |date=8 July 1992 |page=11569}}{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/3664283.stm|title=Obituary: Lord Merlyn-Rees|date=5 January 2006|access-date=16 February 2019|publisher=BBC News }} Rees was president of the Video Standards Council from 1990 and was the first Chancellor of the University of Glamorgan, a position he held from 1994 to 2002.{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/4584544.stm |title=Peer's roots in 'gifted' street |date=5 January 2006 |publisher=BBC News }}

Personal life and death

In 1949, Rees married Colleen Cleveley, and they had three sons. Rees suffered injuries in a number of falls in his last years. In late 2005, a fall at his home in Southwark caused him to lapse into a coma, from which he never emerged; he died at St Thomas's Hospital on 5 January 2006, at the age of 85.{{Cite news |date=2006-01-05 |title=Merlyn Rees dies aged 85 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/jan/05/labour.uk |access-date=2022-05-14 |newspaper=The Guardian |language=en}}

=Legacy=

Merlyn Rees Avenue in Morley, West Yorkshire is named after Rees. Merlyn Rees Community High School in Belle Isle, Leeds was named after Rees until its merger with Mathew Murray Comprehensive School in 2006 when it was renamed South Leeds High School.

References

Reading

Merlyn Rees, "Northern Ireland: a personal perspective", London: Methuen, 1985.

External links

{{Hansard-contribs | mr-merlyn-rees | Merlyn Rees }}
{{NPG name}}
[http://www.war-experience.org/about/patrons/ Merlyn Rees (The Second World War Experience Centre)]
[http://archives.lse.ac.uk/TreeBrowse.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&field=RefNo&key=MERLYN-REES Catalogue of the Merlyn-Rees papers] at the [https://web.archive.org/web/20070618035533/http://www.lse.ac.uk/library/archive/Default.htm Archives Division] of the London School of Economics.

{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Leeds South|years=1963–1983}}

{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Morley and Leeds South|years=1983–1992}}

{{s-ttl|title=Secretary of State for Northern Ireland|years=1974–1976}}