Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox historic subdivision
| Start= 1899
| End= 1965
| Map= 250px
Shoreditch shown within the County of London
| Name= Shoreditch
| Government= Shoreditch Borough Council
| Motto= More Light, More Power
| Status= Metropolitan borough
| HQ= Old Street
| Origin= Shoreditch and Norton Folgate
| Replace= London Borough of Hackney
| Image= File:Shoreditch town hall3.jpg
Shoreditch Town Hall
| Arms= 150px
Coat of Arms adopted by the Borough Council
|PopulationFirst= 111,390
|PopulationFirstYear= 1911
|AreaFirst= {{convert|658|acre|km2}}
|AreaFirstYear= 1911/1931
|DensityFirst= 169/acre
|DensityFirstYear= 1911
|PopulationSecond= 97,042
|PopulationSecondYear= 1931
|AreaSecond=
|AreaSecondYear=
|DensitySecond= 147/acre
|DensitySecondYear= 1931
|PopulationLast= 40,455
|PopulationLastYear= 1961
|AreaLast= {{convert|659|acre|km2}}
|AreaLastYear= 1961
|DensityLast= 61/acre
|DensityLastYear= 1961
| footnotes= {{maplink|raw={{Wikipedia:Map data/Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch}}|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=250|frame-height=245}} Map of borough boundary
}}
The Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch was a metropolitan borough of the County of London between 1899 and 1965, when it was merged with the Metropolitan Borough of Stoke Newington and the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney to form the London Borough of Hackney.
The borough was made up of three main districts, Shoreditch, Hoxton and Haggerston, and covered some of the traditional East End of London. An individual coat of arms was never granted to the metropolitan borough council; they adopted the arms of the second lord of the manor of Shoreditch, John de Northampton.
Boundaries
The borough was in north-east London and comprised the area of the ancient parish of Shoreditch (St Leonard's) plus part of the ancient liberty of Norton Folgate to the south[http://www.hackney.gov.uk/servapps/history/data/ha_1.htm Hackney Council: History] {{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The parish vestry had taken on local administration from the 17th century onwards.
Civic buildings
The civic buildings of the borough included the Town Hall (originally the Vestry Hall) in Old Street with the Magistrates Court (derelict in 2007), the Coroner's Court in Boundary St and other civic offices nearby.
Motto
The borough motto commemorates the provision of electric power to the borough from the Vestry of St Leonard Shoreditch Electric Light StationR. Crosley, London's coats of arms and the stories they tell (Robert Scott, London, 1928) later known as the Shoreditch Borough Refuse Destructor and Generating StationCherry, B. and Pevsner (1998) The Buildings of England: London 4: North: 520. London, Penguin on Coronet Street. The building on Coronet Street is embellished with the motto E PULVERE LUX ET VIS (Out of the dust, light and power). It was built in 1896 and burned rubbish, to provide steam for the electricity generator. The waste heat was used to heat the public baths next door (and now demolished). The building is now home to the National Centre for Circus Arts.
Population and area
The metropolitan borough was conterminous with the Vestry authority, when it was formed in 1900. Statistics compiled by the London County Council, in 1901 show the population growth in London, over the preceding century.
The area of the borough in 1901 was {{convert|658|acre|km2|1}}. The populations recorded in National Censuses were:
Shoreditch Vestry 1801-1899
class="wikitable" | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 |
Population || 34,766|| 43,930||52,966|| 68,564|| 83,432|| 109,257|| 129,364|| 127,164|| 126,591|| 124,009 |
---|
Metropolitan Borough 1900-1961
class="wikitable" | 1901 | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1941 | 1951 | 1961 |
Population|| 118,668 || 111,390 || 104,248 || 104,248 ||''The census was suspended for World War II|| 44,871 || 40,455 |
---|
By comparison, after amalgamation with Hackney and Stoke Newington, to form the modern London Borough of Hackney, the combined area became 19.06 km² - approximately {{convert|4710|acre|km2}}; in 2005, this had a population of 207,700,2005 estimate or a population density of 10,900/km². In 1901 Shoreditch the population density was 44,600/km².
Coat of arms
The borough used coat of arms, but these were never formally granted and, therefore, not official. When the borough was merged to found the London Borough of Hackney, other charges were used to represent Shoreditch in the new coat of arms of the London Borough of Hackney.[http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Hackney Heraldry of the World: Hackney][http://www.civicheraldry.co.uk/great_london.html#hackney%20lb Civic Heraldry of England and Wales: Hackney lb]
Politics
File:Shoreditch Met. B Ward Map 1916.svg
Under the Metropolis Management Act 1855 any parish that exceeded 2,000 ratepayers was to be divided into wards; as such the incorporated vestry of St Leonard Shoreditch was divided into eight wards (electing vestrymen): No. 1 or Moorfields (18), No. 2 or Church (21), No. 3 or Hoxton (21), No. 4 or Wenlock (18), No. 5 or Whitmore (12), No. 6 or Kingsland (12), No. 7 or Haggerstone (9) and No. 8 or Acton (9).{{cite book|title=The London Gazette Issue: 21802|date=20 October 1855|pages=3878–3879|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/21802/page/3878|access-date=8 April 2015}}{{cite web|title=H.M.S.O. Boundary Commission Report 1885 Shoreditch Map|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1885/Shoreditch_1885|website=Vision of Britain|access-date=8 April 2015}}
The metropolitan borough inherited these eight wards for elections: Acton, Church, Haggerston, Hoxton, Kingsland, Moorfields, Wenlock and Whitmore.{{cite book|title=Post Office London County Suburbs Directory, 1919|date=1919|url=http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p16445coll4/id/8847/rec/9|access-date=18 February 2015}}Ordnance Survey 'County Series 3rd Edition' Map of London (1912-14) at 1:2500 scale. Accessed at https://www.old-maps.co.uk/
=Borough council=
=Parliament constituency=
For elections to Parliament, the borough was divided into two constituencies:
In 1918 the borough's representation was reduced to one seat:
In 1950 the borough's representation was reduced to half a seat, when it was merged with Finsbury:
Gallery
Image:shoreditch town hall2.jpg|Detail of the town hall facade. Note that the imposing figure representing Progress carries an axe to clear the way to the future. (September 2005)
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite book |chapter=London: Shoreditch |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Br0ZAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35 |title= Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom for 1907 |editor=Robert Donald |editor-link=Robert Donald |location=London |publisher=Edward Lloyd |year=1907 }}
External links
- [http://www.shoreditchtownhall.org.uk/ Shoreditch Town Hall Trust]
{{London Government Act 1963}}
{{History of the formation of Hackney}}
{{Coord|51.525|-0.077|type:adm3rd_dim:2000_region:GB-ISL|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shoreditch, Metropolitan Borough of}}
Category:Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London
Category:History of the London Borough of Hackney
Category:1900 establishments in the United Kingdom
Category:1965 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Category:Districts abolished by the London Government Act 1963