Miandoab
{{Short description|City in West Azerbaijan province, Iran}}
{{for-multi|the administrative division of West Azerbaijan province|Miandoab County|the village in Kerman province|Miandoab, Kerman{{!}}Miandoab}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Miandoab
| official_name =
| native_name = {{lang|fa|مياندوآب}}
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Miandoab historic bridge.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Historic bridge in Miandoab
| pushpin_map = Iran
| mapsize =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Iran
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = West Azerbaijan
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = Miandoab
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_name3 = Central
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Abdollah Abdollahi{{Cite web|url=http://www.dana.ir/News/350647.html|title = شهرداری میاندوآب در عمل به مناظره پاسخ می دهد}}
| leader_title1 = Parliament
| leader_name1 = Mehdi Eisazadeh
(Miandoab, Shahin Dezh and Takab (electoral district))
| established_title =
| established_date =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_footnotes =
| population_note =
|population_as_of = 2016
|population_total = 134425
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = IRST
| utc_offset = +3:30
|coordinates = {{Coord|36|57|57|N|46|06|19|E|dim:3km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes = {{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=36.965833&mlon=46.105278&zoom=14#map=14/36.96583/46.10528|website=OpenStreetMap |title=Miandoab, Miandoab County|date=26 September 2024|access-date=26 September 2024|lang=fa}}
| elevation_m =
| area_code = 044
| footnotes =
}}
Miandoab ({{langx|fa|مياندوآب}}){{efn|Also romanized as Meyāndoāb, Mīāndoāb, Mīāndow Āb, Mīāndowāb, Mīāndūāb, Mīyāndoāb, and Miyāndūāb; Azerbaijani: قوشاچای, romanized as Qoşaçay;{{GEOnet3|-3074888}} {{langx|ku|میاندواو|Miyandiwaw}}{{cite book |last1=Sharafkandi |first1=Abdurrahman |author1-link=Abdurrahman Sharafkandi |title=The food of the mosque servant |date=1997 |publisher=Kurdistan Center for Arts Culture |url=https://books.vejin.net/ck/book/205 |language=ku |format=Hardcover |chapter=Kurdistan Democratic Party}}{{cite news |title=خەڵکی بۆکان دژی لکاندنی قەرەگۆلن بە میاندواو |url=https://www.kurdistan24.net/index.php/ckb/story/220102/%D8%AE%DB%95%DA%B5%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D8%A8%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%DA%98%DB%8C-%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%82%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%AF%DB%86%D9%84%D9%86-%D8%A8%DB%95-%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%88 |access-date=1 April 2025 |publisher=Kurdistan 24 |date=1 May 2022 |location=Erbil, Kurdistan Region |language=ku}}}} is a city in the Central District of Miandoab County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.{{cite report|title=Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of West Azerbaijan province, centered in the city of Urmia|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220192713/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113037|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council|last=Habibi|first=Hassan|orig-date=Approved 21 June 1369|date=c. 2023|id=Notification 82808/T137|archive-date=20 December 2023|access-date=20 December 2023}}
Demographics
=Language and ethnicity=
Miandoab is largely populated by Azerbaijanis,{{Cite book |last=Moradi |first=Golmorad |title=Ein Jahr autonome Regierung in Kurdistan: die Mahabad-Republik 1946-1947 : Geschichte der kurdischen Aufstandsbewegungen von der arabisch-islamischen Invasion bis zur Mahabad-Republik |publisher=City University of Applied Sciences |year=1992 |pages=256}} but also populated by Kurds.{{cite book |last1=Anne Matheson |first1=Sylvia |title=Persia an archaeological guide |date=1976 |publisher=Faber |isbn=978-0571093052 |page=97 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_NNGzwEACAAJ |access-date=28 April 2025}}
=Population=
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 112,933 in 29,207 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920094953/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}} The following census in 2011 counted 123,081 people in 35,066 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/West-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120205939/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/West-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-date=20 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}} The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 134,425 people in 41,459 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_04.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830042935/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_04.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=30 August 2022}}
History
= Battle of Miandoab=
{{Main|Battle of Miandoab}}
In 1921, Miandoab was the site of a significant battle during the Kurdish uprising led by Simko Shikak. His forces, numbering several thousand and reinforced by Turkish Kurds, defeated Iranian government troops and took control of the city. The battle marked the height of Simko's power during his revolt in northwestern Iran.{{Cite book |last=Kia |first=Mehrdad |author-link=Mehrdad Kia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wjzkEAAAQBAJ |title=The Clash of Empires and the Rise of Kurdish Proto-Nationalism, 1905–1926: Ismail Agha Simko and the Campaign for an Independent Kurdish State |date=2023-11-19 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-031-44973-4 |pages=193–199 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Arfa |first=Hassan |author-link=Hasan Arfa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8cZ8ZmZTPIkC |title=Under Five Shahs |date=1965 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Gunter |first=Michael M. |author-link=Michael Gunter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pHB5F_Y02_gC |title=The A to Z of the Kurds |date=2009-06-22 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6334-7 |language=en}}
Geography
{{Update section|date=March 2023}}
The city of Miandoab is on the Zarriné-Rūd river and located in the center of the plain that slopes down to Lake Urmia. It is {{convert|1314|m|ft}} above the sea level, at 46°6′E latitude and 36°58′N longitude.
The city is a transportation connection point between West Azerbaijan province and East Azerbaijan province. Thus, the city has been a transportation crossroads between the two large provinces, and has attracted political and economic interest from local and international governments.
The area of Miandoab County is 2,694 square kilometers.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} Miandoab County is located between the Iranian counties of Bukan, Malekan, Mahabad, and Shahin Dezh.
See also
{{Commons category-inline|Miandoab}}
{{Portal-inline|Iran}}
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Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{West Azerbaijan Province|state=collapsed}}
{{Miandoab County|state=collapsed}}