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Michael Inzlicht

{{Infobox scientist

|name = Michael Inzlicht

|image =

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|field = Social Psychology
Neuroscience
Cognitive Sciences

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|birth_date = {{Birth date |1972|06|20}}

|birth_place = Montreal, Quebec, Canada

|residence =

|work_institution = University of Toronto
Wilfrid Laurier University
New York University

|alma_mater = Brown University
McGill University

|doctoral_advisor =

|doctoral_students =

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Michael Inzlicht is a social psychologist and neuroscientist, working as a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto. Although he has published papers on the topics of prejudice, academic performance, and religion, his most recent interests have been in the topics of self-control, where he borrows methods from affective and cognitive neuroscience to understand the underlying nature of self-control, including how it is driven by motivation.[http://inzlicht.socialpsychology.org/ Professional Profile: Michael Inzlicht].

In the early 2000s, he and his colleagues claimed to demonstrate that small, seemingly benign characteristics of an environment could play a large role in determining how stereotyped groups perform on academic tests. They found, for example, that the number of men in a small group could determine whether women succeeded (fewer men) or failed (more men) a math test. The claimed phenomenon is known in psychology as stereotype threat.[http://www.apa.org/monitor/jan04/college.html APA Online: College women underperform on tests when in the minority.]{{cite journal|last=Inzlicht|first=Michael|author2=Ben-Zeev, Talia|title=A threatening intellectual environment: Why females are susceptible to experiencing problem-solving deficits in the presence of males|journal=Psychological Science|year=2000|volume=11|issue=5|pages=365–371|doi=10.1111/1467-9280.00272|pmid=11228906|citeseerx=10.1.1.24.1847|s2cid=2887128}} However, in later years he suggested that work on stereotype threat might not be replicable.{{Citation|title=Stereothreat|url=http://www.radiolab.org/story/stereothreat/|language=en|access-date=2018-03-23}}{{cite web|author=Michael Inzlicht|title=Revisiting Stereotype Threat|date=2024-12-18|website=Substack|url=https://www.speakandregret.michaelinzlicht.com/p/revisiting-stereotype-threat}}

In his later work, Inzlicht studied self-control and the related concepts of cognitive control and executive function (mental processes that allow behavior to vary adaptively depending on current goals). Much of his work explores the building blocks of control, including its neural, cognitive, emotional, and motivational foundations.{{cite journal|last=Saunders|first=Blair|author2=Milyavskaya, Marina|author3=Inzlicht, Michael|s2cid=206286673|title=What does cognitive control feel like? Effective and ineffective cognitive control is associated with divergent phenomenology|journal=Psychophysiology|year=2015|pages=1205–1217|doi=10.1111/psyp.12454|pmid=26041054|volume=52|issue=9}}{{cite journal|last=Inzlicht|first=Michael|author2=Schmeichel, Brandon|s2cid=3899310|title=What is ego depletion? Toward a mechanistic revision of the resource model of self-control|journal=Perspectives on Psychological Science|year=2012|volume=7|issue=5|pages=450–463|doi=10.1177/1745691612454134|pmid=26168503}}{{cite journal|last=Inzlicht|first=Michael|author2=Bartholow, Bruce|author3=Hirsh, Jacob|title=Emotional foundations of cognitive control|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|year=2015|volume=19|issue=3|pages=126–132|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2015.01.004|pmid=25659515|pmc=4348332}} He also explores how self-control can be influenced by various cultural and situational factors, including mindfulness meditation,{{cite journal|last=Teper|first=Rimma|author2=Segal, Zindel|author3=Inzlicht, Michael|title=Inside the mindful mind: How mindfulness enhances emotion regulation through improvements in executive control|journal=Current Directions in Psychological Science|year=2013|volume=22|issue=6|pages=449–454|doi=10.1177/0963721413495869|s2cid=146587497}} quality of motivation,{{cite journal|last=Legault|first=Lisa|author2=Inzlicht, Michael|s2cid=3899238|title=Self-determination, self-regulation, and the brain: Autonomy improves performance by enhancing neuroaffective responsiveness to self-regulation failure|journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology|year=2013|volume=105|issue=1|pages=123–138|doi=10.1037/a0030426|pmid=23106250}} religious belief,{{cite journal|last=Inzlicht|first=Michael|author2=Tullett, Alexa|author3=Good, Marie|s2cid=18064680|title=The need to believe: a neuroscience account of religion as a motivated process|journal=Religion, Brain, & Behavior|year=2011|volume=1|issue=3|pages=192–251|doi=10.1080/2153599X.2011.647849

}} and stigmatization.{{cite journal|last=Inzlicht|first=Michael|author2=Kang, Sonia|title=Stereotype threat spillover: How coping with threats to social identity affects aggression, eating, decision making, and attention|journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology|year=2010|volume=99|issue=3|pages=467–481|doi=10.1037/a0018951|pmid=20649368|citeseerx=10.1.1.600.1063}} Some of his work uses an interdisciplinary approach, which combines neuroimaging, cognitive reaction time measurement, physiological techniques, and behavioral techniques to understand and explain social behaviour.{{Cite journal|last1=Inzlicht|first1=Michael|last2=Shenhav|first2=Amitai|last3=Olivola|first3=Christopher Y.|title=The Effort Paradox: Effort Is Both Costly and Valued|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|volume=22|issue=4|pages=337–349|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2018.01.007|pmid=29477776|pmc=6172040|year=2018}}

Inzlicht is a vocal advocate for open science reform.{{Cite web|url=http://magazine.utoronto.ca/winter-2018/ghost-effects-social-psychologist-michael-inzlicht-among-researchers-calling-for-more-research-openness-and-transparency-in-wake-of-replication-crisis/|title=Ghost Effects {{!}} By Patchen Barss {{!}} Winter 2018 {{!}} University of Toronto Magazine|website=magazine.utoronto.ca|access-date=2018-03-23}} In addition to criticizing the status quo and the replication crisis in psychology,{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/03/psychologys-replication-crisis-cant-be-wished-away/472272/|title=Psychology's Replication Crisis Can't Be Wished Away|last=Yong|first=Ed|work=The Atlantic|access-date=2018-03-23|language=en-US}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.apa.org/monitor/2016/06/psychology-literature.aspx|title=How much of the psychology literature is wrong?|website=apa.org|language=en|access-date=2018-03-23}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/cover_story/2016/03/ego_depletion_an_influential_theory_in_psychology_may_have_just_been_debunked.html|title=Everything Is Crumbling|last=Engber|first=Daniel|date=2016-03-06|work=Slate|access-date=2018-03-23|language=en-US|issn=1091-2339}} he has expressed doubts about the replicability of his own past scientific work,{{Cite web|url=http://sometimesimwrong.typepad.com/wrong/2015/04/guest-post-check-yourself-before-you-wreck-yourself.html|title=Guest Post: Check Yourself before you Wreck Yourself|website=sometimes i'm wrong|access-date=2018-03-23}}{{Cite news|url=https://undark.org/article/the-replication-crisis-is-my-crisis/|title=Psychology's Replication Crisis Is My Crisis|work=Undark|access-date=2018-03-23|language=en-US}} such as his research on ego depletion.{{cite web|author=Michael Inzlicht|title=The Collapse of Ego Depletion|date=2025-01-29|website=Substack|url=https://www.speakandregret.michaelinzlicht.com/p/the-collapse-of-ego-depletion}}

Selected Awards & Honours

  • 2016-2019 - Research Excellence Faculty Scholar, University of Toronto Scarborough
  • 2017 - NeuroLeadership Application of Science Award
  • 2015 - Wegner Theoretical Innovation Prize, Society for Personality and Social Psychology
  • 2015 - Principal's Research Award, University of Toronto Scarborough
  • 2013 - Best Social Cognition Paper Award, International Society for Social Cognition
  • 2013 - Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science
  • 2009 - Early Researcher Award, Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation
  • 2006 - Louise Kidder Early Career Award, American Psychological Association (Division 9)
  • 2004-2006 - Fellow of the National Academy of Education/Spencer Foundation
  • 2002 - Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Dissertation Award, finalist

Selected publications

  • {{Cite journal|last1=Inzlicht|first1=M.|last2=Shenhav|first2=A.|last3=Olivola|first3=C.|date=2018|title=The effort paradox: Effort is both costly and valued|url= |journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|volume=22|issue=4|pages=337–349|pmid=29477776|pmc=6172040|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2018.01.007}}
  • {{Cite journal|last1=Milyavskaya|first1=M.|last2=Inzlicht|first2=M.|s2cid=3927544|date=2017|title=What's So Great About Self-Control? Examining the Importance of Effortful Self-Control and Temptation in Predicting Real-Life Depletion and Goal Attainment|journal=Social Psychological and Personality Science|volume=8|issue=6|pages=603–611|doi=10.1177/1948550616679237|url=http://psyarxiv.com/mg7w3/}}
  • {{Cite journal|last1=Berkman|first1=E.|last2=Hutcherson|first2=C.|last3=Livingston|first3=J.|last4=Kahn|first4=L.|last5=Inzlicht|first5=M.|date=2017|title=Self-Control as Value-Based Choice|journal=Current Directions in Psychological Science|volume=26|issue=5|pages=422–428|doi=10.1177/0963721417704394|pmid=29335665|pmc=5765996|url=http://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/n4yy2/}}
  • {{Cite journal|last1=Saunders|first1=B.|last2=Lin|first2=H.|last3=Milyavskaya|first3=M.|last4=Inzlicht|first4=M.|date=2016|title=The emotive nature of conflict monitoring in the medial prefrontal cortex|journal=International Journal of Psychophysiology|volume=119|pages=31–40|doi=10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.01.004|pmid=28088350|url=http://psyarxiv.com/5mts5/}}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Inzlicht | first1 = M. | last2 = Bartholow | first2 = B. D. | last3 = Hirsh | first3 = J. B. | year = 2015 | title = Emotional foundations of cognitive control | journal = Trends in Cognitive Sciences | volume = 19 | issue = 3| pages = 126–132 | doi = 10.1016/j.tics.2015.01.004 | pmid = 25659515 | pmc = 4348332 }}
  • Inzlicht, M., Legault, L., & *Teper, R. (2014). Exploring the mechanisms of self-control improvement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23, 302-307. [http://cdp.sagepub.com/content/23/4/302.abstract doi: 10.1177/0963721414534256]
  • {{cite journal|last1=Inzlicht|first1=Michael|last2=Schmeichel|first2=Brandon|last3=Macrae|first3=C. Neil|title=Why self-control seems (but may not be) limited|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|date=2014|volume=18|issue=3|pages=127–133|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2013.12.009|pmid=24439530|s2cid=28118568}}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Teper | first1 = R. | last2 = Segal | first2 = Z. | last3 = Inzlicht | first3 = M. | year = 2013| title = Inside the mindful mind: How mindfulness enhances emotion regulation through improvements in executive control | journal = Current Directions in Psychological Science | volume = 22| issue = 6| pages = 449–454| doi = 10.1177/0963721413495869 | s2cid = 146587497 }}
  • *Tritt, S M., Page-Gould, E., Peterson, J. B., & Inzlicht, M. (2014). System justification and electrophysiological responses to feedback: Support for a positivity bias. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 1004-1010. [http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/2013-41507-001/ doi:10.1037/a0035179]
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Legault | first1 = L. | last2 = Inzlicht | first2 = M. | s2cid = 3899238 | year = 2013 | title = Self-determination, self-regulation, and the brain: Autonomy improves performance by enhancing neuroaffective responsiveness to self-regulation failure | journal = Journal of Personality and Social Psychology | volume = 105 | issue = 1 | pages = 123–138 | doi = 10.1037/a0030426 | pmid=23106250}}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Teper | first1 = R. | last2 = Inzlicht | first2 = M. | year = 2013 | title = Meditation, mindfulness, and executive control: The importance of emotional acceptance and brain-based performance monitoring | journal =Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience | volume = 8 | issue = 1| pages = 85–92 | doi = 10.1093/scan/nss045 | pmid = 22507824 | pmc = 3541488 }}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Inzlicht | first1 = M. | last2 = Schmeichel | first2 = B. J. | s2cid = 3899310 | year = 2012 | title = What is ego depletion? Toward a mechanistic revision of the resource model of self-control | journal = Perspectives on Psychological Science | volume = 7 | issue = 5| pages = 450–463 | doi = 10.1177/1745691612454134 | pmid = 26168503 }}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Proulx | first1 = T. | last2 = Inzlicht | first2 = M. | last3 = Harmon-Jones | first3 = E. | year = 2012 | title = Understanding all inconsistency compensation as a palliative response to violated expectations | journal = Trends in Cognitive Sciences | volume = 16 | issue = 5| pages = 285–291 | doi=10.1016/j.tics.2012.04.002 | pmid=22516239| s2cid = 24122472 }}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Legault | first1 = L. | last2 = Al-Khindi | first2 = T. | last3 = Inzlicht | first3 = M. | s2cid = 3952277 | year = 2012 | title = Preserving integrity in the face of performance threat: Self-affirmation enhances neurophysiological responsiveness to errors | journal = Psychological Science | volume = 23 | issue = 12| pages = 1455–1460 | doi = 10.1177/0956797612448483 | pmid=23090755}}
  • Inzlicht, M. & Schmader, T. (2011). Stereotype Threat: Theory, Process, and Application. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Legault | first1 = L. | last2 = Gutsell | first2 = J. N. | last3 = Inzlicht | first3 = M. | s2cid = 14206109 | year = 2011 | title = Ironic effects of anti-prejudice messages: How motivational intervention reduces (but also increases) prejudice | journal = Psychological Science | volume = 22 | issue = 12| pages = 1472–1477 | doi=10.1177/0956797611427918| pmid = 22123778 }}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Gutsell | first1 = J. N. | last2 = Inzlicht | first2 = M. | year = 2010 | title = Empathy constrained: Prejudice predicts reduced mental simulation of actions during observation of outgroups | journal = Journal of Experimental Social Psychology | volume = 46 | issue = 5| pages = 841–845 | doi=10.1016/j.jesp.2010.03.011}}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Inzlicht | first1 = M. | last2 = Gutsell | first2 = J. N. | year = 2007 | title = Running on empty: Neural signals for self-control failure | journal = Psychological Science | volume = 18 | issue = 11| pages = 933–937 | doi=10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02004.x | pmid=17958704| s2cid = 220627992 }}
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Inzlicht | first1 = M. | last2 = Ben-Zeev | first2 = T. | year = 2000 | title = A threatening intellectual environment: Why females are susceptible to experiencing problem-solving deficits in the presence of males | journal = Psychological Science | volume = 11 | issue = 5| pages = 365–371 | doi=10.1111/1467-9280.00272| pmid = 11228906 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.24.1847 | s2cid = 2887128 }}

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

  • [http://www.michaelinzlicht.com Michael Inzlicht's Academic Website at the University of Toronto]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Inzlicht, Michael}}

Category:Social psychologists

Category:Academic staff of the University of Toronto

Category:Living people

Category:1972 births

Category:McGill University Faculty of Medicine alumni

Category:Brown University alumni