Michael Joseph Owens
{{Short description|American inventor}}
{{Infobox engineer
|image = OwensMichaelJ.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|name = Michael Joseph Owens
|nationality =
|birth_date = {{birth date|1859|1|1}}
|birth_place = Mason County, Virginia, U.S.
|death_date = {{death date and age|1923|12|27|1859|1|1}}
|death_place = Toledo, Ohio, U.S.
|education =
|spouse ={{marriage|Mary E. McKelvey
|1890}}
|parents =
|children =4
|discipline =
|institutions =
|practice_name =
|significant_projects = automated production of glass bottles
|significant_design =
|significant_advance =
|significant_awards = Elliott Cresson Medal (1915)
}}
Michael Joseph Owens (January 1, 1859 – December 27, 1923) was an inventor of machines to automate the production of glass bottles.{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography |title=Michael Joseph Owens |url=https://archive.org/stream/cyclopaediaofame08wilsuoft#page/n233/mode/2up | access-date=2013-08-06 }}
Early life and education
Owens was born on January 1, 1859, in Point Pleasant, West Virginia, to Joseph Owens and Mary Owens (née Chapman), both destitute immigrants from County Wexford, Ireland. His father was a coal miner.{{Cite web |title=e-WV {{!}} Michael Owens |url=https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1788 |access-date=2023-11-26 |website=www.wvencyclopedia.org}}
He left school at the age of 10 to start a glassware apprenticeship at J. H. Hobbs, Brockunier and Company in Wheeling, West Virginia.
Career
{{See also|Owens-Illinois}}File:Ten Arm Owens Automatic Bottle Machine.jpg]]
In 1888 he moved to Toledo, Ohio, and worked for the Toledo Glass Factory owned by Edward Drummond Libbey. He was later promoted to foreman and then to supervisor. In 1891 Libbey opened a new plant in Findlay, Ohio, and Owens was put in charge of making the glass bulbs for Edison General Electric’s electric lights. There he simplified the process by inventing a mould-opening device which could be operated by a glassblower by foot and came up with a paste that prevent the bulbs from sticking to the moulds. This lowered the cost of bulbs by 90%, making them much more available for people.[https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/science-history-irving-colburn-let-the-light-shine-through/ Irving Colburn's shining light - Cosmos Magazine] He formed the Owens Bottle Machine Company in 1903. His machines could produce glass bottles at a rate of 240 per minute, and reduce labor costs by 80%.{{cite news |title=Hall of Fame -- Inventor Profile: Michael Joseph Owens |url=http://www.invent.org/Hall_Of_Fame/357.html |publisher=National Inventors Hall of Fame |access-date=2012-09-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927020621/http://www.invent.org/hall_of_fame/357.html |archive-date=2012-09-27 }}
Owens and Libbey entered into a partnership and the company was renamed the Owens Bottle Company in 1919. In 1929 the company merged with the Illinois Glass Company to become the Owens-Illinois Glass Company.{{cite news |title=Michael Joseph Owens |url=http://www.todayinsci.com/O/Owens_MichaelJ/OwensMichaelJ.htm |quote=Michael Owens was a glass manufacturer who invented an automatic glass bottle manufacturing machine that revolutionized the industry. His mechanization of the glass-blowing process eliminated child labor from glass-bottle factories, which he had himself experienced from the age of ten. [...] |publisher=Today in Science |access-date=2012-09-27}}{{cite news |title=The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Designates the Owens "AR" Bottle Machine As An International Historic Engineering Landmark |url=http://files.asme.org/ASMEORG/Communities/History/Landmarks/5612.pdf |publisher=ASME |date=May 17, 1983 |access-date=2012-09-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405015937/http://files.asme.org/ASMEORG/Communities/History/Landmarks/5612.pdf |archive-date=April 5, 2013 }}
Personal life
Owens married Mary E. McKelvey in 1890. They had two children;
- Hazel Augusta Owens (1890-1969), who married Daniel Joseph McGettigan (1886-1942)
- John Raymond Owens (1894-1947), who married Florence Grace Whalen (b. 1897), and had one daughter.
He would later remarry and have a second family with Mollie Owens (b. 1873) with two children;United States Census, 1920
- Ray Owens (born 1899)
- Florence Owens (born 1899)
He died on December 27, 1923, aged 64 at his residence in Toledo, Ohio.{{cite news |title=Michael J. Owens Dead. His Inventions Revolutionized Methods of Bottle Making |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1923/12/28/archives/michael-j-owems-dead-his-inventions-revolutionized-meth-ods-of.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 28, 1923 |access-date=2011-11-20}}
Patents
- {{US Patent|534,840}} Apparatus for blowing glass
- {{US Patent|548,587}} Machine for blowing glass
- {{US Patent|548,588}} Machine for blowing glass
- {{US Patent|766,768}} Glass Shaping Machine
- {{US Patent|774,690}} Glass Shaping Machine
References
{{reflist|2}}
External links
{{Spoken Wikipedia|Michael_Joseph_Owens.ogg|date=2019-6-20}}
- [https://archive.org/stream/cyclopaediaofame08wilsuoft#page/n233/mode/2up Biographical Sketch] with portrait
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Owens, Michael Joseph}}