Michael Yabsley

Yabsley was born in Lismore. His father, Bob Yabsley, was a prominent pastoral farmer and a decedent of settler William Yabsley. Yabsley attended private schools in Lismore, and was a prefect at St John's College, Woodlawn. After graduating from school he spent a year in South Africa on an exchange with Rotary International. He then attended the Australian National University (ANU), where he received a Bachelor of Arts with a double major in political science. In 1977, Yabsley wrote an article for the ANU student newspaper Woroni denying that South Africa still practised apartheid, and saying "even the most iniquitous aspects of apartheid" was preferable to the country being ruled by Africans.{{cite book |last=Dapin |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Dapin |date=2020 |title=Public Enemies|publisher=Allen & Unwin |pages=261–265 |isbn=978-1760295356}} After university he went on to work as a public relations manager for the Livestock and Grain Producers Association.

At 24 Yabsley was a Liberal party candidate at the 1980 federal election for the seat of Fraser in the Australian Capital Territory, though was defeated by Ken Fry. In 1984, Yabsley defeated Labor MP Fred Miller to win the NSW state seat of Bligh in Sydney for the Liberal Party. However, in 1988 he was defeated by Independent candidate Clover Moore. The death of Ray Aston, the Liberal member for Vaucluse, allowed Yabsley to re-enter parliament; he was elected unopposed in the by-election. He was immediately appointed as Minister for Corrective Services.

Yabsley took an extremely punitive approach to prison, saying he wanted to be remembered as "someone who has put the value back in punishment". He led a campaign to make conditions in custody harsher,{{cite book |last=Brown |first=David |last2=Wilkie |first2=Meredith |date=2002 |title=Prisoners as citizens: Human rights in Australian prisons |publisher=Federation Press |page=xix, xx |isbn=1862874247}} which included banning prisoners from having personal belongings including photos of their children, wedding rings, religious items, educational materials and hats.{{cite journal |last1=Debus |first1=Bob |date=1996 |title=Women's Imprisonment: The Politics of Difference |journal=Current Issues in Criminal Justice |volume=8 |issue=2}} Yabsley decreased the amount of visits a prisoner could receive from one a week to one a month, and severely cut funding for prison education and rehabilitation programs, as well as funding to a halfway house.{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=David |date=1990 |title=Putting the value back in punishment |journal=Legal Service Bulletin |volume=15 |pages=239–246}} When prison chaplains at Bathurst Correctional Centre complained to the media about conditions caused by Yabsley's policies, he shut down church services at the prison, and forbid chaplains from making any statements without his prior approval. The NSW Assistant Ombudsman determined that Yabsley's decision to ban two magazines produced in prison was illegal. In 1988, The Bulletin included Yabsley on their list of the "100 most appalling people in Australia", noting that he had supported apartheid as a student and opining that he was "now borrowing [apartheid's] law enforcement and discipline methods for the NSW prison system".{{cite magazine |date=12 July 1988 |title=The 100 most appalling people in Australia |magazine=The Bulletin |location= |page=52}}

Yabsley expressed outrage that an anti-apartheid activist, who was imprisoned for one-month for altering a piece of graffiti, was released after one week in prison. He subsequently introduced the 1989 truth in sentencing legislation, which ended the early release of prisoners for good behaviour and resulted in severe overcrowding;{{cite book |last=O'Toole |first=Sean |date=2006 |title=The History of Australian Corrections |publisher=University of New South Wales Press |page=163 |isbn=0-86840-915-4}} the removal of incentive to behave also caused an increase in assaults, decreases in compliance with work and education, and deteriorating rapport between prisoners and officers.{{cite book |last=Grant |first=David |date=1992 |title=Prisons: The Continuing Crisis in NSW |publisher=Federation Press |pages=23-24, 27, 197 |isbn=1-86287-085-3}} According to David Grant, a former Deputy Chairman of prisons in NSW, Yabsley's policies were not in response to the crime rate, which evidence showed was decreasing, but simply due to his personal preference of a more punitive regime and a desire to keep people in prison longer.{{cite book |last=Grant |first=David |date=1992 |title=Prisons: The Continuing Crisis in NSW |publisher=Federation Press |page=199 |isbn=1-86287-085-3}}

Yabsley's policies yielded no positive effects, though did incur high costs.{{cite book |last=Dapin |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Dapin |date=2020 |title=Public Enemies|publisher=Allen & Unwin |pages=268 |isbn=978-1760295356}}{{cite book |last=Grant |first=David |date=1992 |title=Prisons: The Continuing Crisis in NSW |publisher=Federation Press |pages=138, 201–204 |isbn=1-86287-085-3}} His decision to remove private property in prison cells was made against the advice of the Director of Prison Operations, who warned it would unite prisoners in violent demonstrations. Yabsley ignored this advice, and the subsequent riots against his policy, which were the first riots in NSW prisons since the 1970s, caused $6 million in damages and $4 million in lost contracts.{{cite book |last=Grant |first=David |date=1992 |title=Prisons: The Continuing Crisis in NSW |publisher=Federation Press |pages=135–7, 195 |isbn=1-86287-085-3}} As a result of his policies, NSW prisons experienced record levels of assaults, deaths and expenditure, and increased self-harm among prisoners and resignations among staff. Staff morale deteriorated, and the Probation and Parole Officers Association accused Yabsley of putting the safety of prison officers at risk. Prior to the 1988 election, in accordance with their demands, Yabsley promised the prison officer's union he would introduce compulsory testing of prisoners for HIV, and the segregation of prisoners carrying the virus. The fact the election promises were still not implemented by 1990 caused "irreconcilable differences" between him and the union, who held a vote of no confidence in him later that year.

The coalition retained power at the 1991 New South Wales state election, though Yabsley was removed from his position as Minister for Corrective Services;{{cite book |last=Ramsland |first=John |year=1996 |title=With Just But Relentless Discipline: A Social History of Corrective Services in New South Wales |publisher=Kangaroo Press |isbn=978-0864178299 |page=325}} according to Police Studies, the government deliberately transferred him to a portfolio where "he could do less harm".{{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=David B |date=1992 |title=Criminal justice and conservative government in New South Wales (1988-1992): the significance of police reform |url= |journal=Police Studies: International Review of Police Development |volume= 15|issue=41 |page=49}} Following his removal, the more extreme policies he initiated in prisons were relaxed, and the next decade saw "cautious penal politics in which the major political imperative [was] to keep prisons off the front pages and keep quiet about any reforms."{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=David |date=2003 |title=The Nagle Royal Commission 25 Years on Speech delivered to NSW Council for Civil Liberties, NSW Parliament House, 5 September 2003 |journal=Current Issues in Criminal Justice |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=170–175}}

After being removed from his position as Minister of Corrections, Yabsley was made the Minister for State Development and Minister for Tourism. He resigned from the ministry in 1992,{{Cite NSW Parliament |name=Mr Michael Robert Yabsley (1956- ) |former=Yes |access-date=5 May 2019 |id=2090}} "in protest" of the circumstances that brought about the resignation of Premier Nick Greiner and Environment Minister Tim Moore. Greiner resigned after three independents who held the balance of power, including Clover Moore who had defeated Yabsley in 1988, told Greiner that unless he resigned they would withdraw their support from the government and support a no-confidence motion. Yabsley resigned from parliament in 1994.

On 5 November 1983, Yabsley married Susan Clatworthy, and they had two children. Following a diagnosis of prostate cancer in 2019, Yabsley separated from his wife{{cite news |author=Hornery, Andrew |title='I couldn't go on living a double life': why conservative Michael Yabsley came out at 64 |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/i-couldn-t-go-on-living-a-double-life-why-conservative-michael-yabsley-came-out-at-64-20210330-p57fab.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=9 July 2021 |access-date=10 July 2021 }} and came out as gay in 2020.{{cite news |url=https://www.smh.com.au/culture/celebrity/i-lived-with-a-lot-of-denial-former-politician-michael-yabsley-s-new-life-20200529-p54xku.html |title=I lived with a lot of denial': former politician Michael Yabsley's new life |author= |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=6 June 2020 |access-date=31 July 2020 }}

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{{succession box | title=Minister for Corrective Services | before=John Fahey | after=Terry Griffiths | years=1988–1991}}

{{succession box | title=Minister for State Development | before=John Hannaford | after=Robert Webster | years=1991–1992}}

{{succession box | title=Minister for Tourism | before=Garry West |after= Robert Webster | years=1991–1992}}

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{{succession box | title=Member for Bligh | before=Fred Miller | after=Clover Moore | years=1984–1988}}

{{succession box | title=Member for Vaucluse | before=Ray Aston | after=Peter Debnam | years=1988–1994}}

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Category:1956 births

Category:Living people

Category:Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of New South Wales

Category:Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly

Category:LGBTQ legislators in Australia

Category:Australian National University alumni

Category:Australian gay politicians

Category:LGBTQ conservatism

Category:Ministers for corrections (New South Wales)