Mid front rounded vowel

{{Short description|Vowel sound represented by ⟨ø̞⟩ or ⟨œ̝⟩ in IPA}}

{{Infobox IPA

|ipa symbol=ø̞

|ipa symbol2=œ̝

|ipa number=310 430

|decimal1=248

|decimal2=798

|xsampa=2_o or 9_r

|braille=ou

|braille2=6

|braille3=gh

}}

The mid front rounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.

Although there is no dedicated symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the "exact" mid front rounded vowel between close-mid {{IPA|[ø]}} and open-mid {{IPA|[œ]}}, {{angbr IPA|ø}} is generally used. If precision is desired, diacritics can be used, such as {{angbr IPA|ø̞}} or {{angbr IPA|œ̝}}.

Mid front compressed vowel

The mid front compressed vowel is typically transcribed in IPA simply as {{angbr IPA|ø̞}} or {{angbr IPA|œ̝}}. This article uses the first symbol for simplicity. There is no dedicated diacritic for compression in the IPA. However, the compression of the lips can be shown with the letter {{IPAalink|β̞}} as {{angbr IPA|e̞͡β̞}} / {{angbr IPA|ɛ̝͡β̞}} (simultaneous {{IPA|[e̞]}} / {{IPA|[ɛ̝]}} and labial compression) or {{angbr IPA|e̞ᵝ}} / {{angbr IPA|ɛ̝ᵝ}} ({{IPA|[e̞]}} / {{IPA|[ɛ̝]}} modified with labial compression). The spread-lip diacritic {{angbr IPA| ͍ }} may also be used with a rounded vowel letters {{angbr IPA|ø͍˕}} / {{angbr IPA|œ͍˔}} as an ad hoc symbol, though technically 'spread' means unrounded.

= Features =

= Occurrence =

Because front rounded vowels are assumed to have compression, and few descriptions cover the distinction, some of the following may actually have protrusion.

class="wikitable" style="clear: both;" ! colspan="2" \| Language !! Word !! IPA!! Meaning !! Notes
colspan="2" \| Breton{{sfnp\|Ternes\|1992\|p=433}}	{{example needed\|date=October 2018}}			Possible realization of unstressed {{IPA\|/œ/}}; can be open-mid {{IPAblink\|œ}} or close-mid {{IPAblink\|ø}} instead.{{sfnp\|Ternes\|1992\|p=433}}
Catalan	Northern{{sfnp\|Recasens\|1996\|pp=80–81}}	{{lang\|ca\|fulles\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈfø̞jəs]}}	'leaves'	Found in Occitan and French loanwords and interferences. See Catalan phonology
Danish	Standard{{sfnp\|Basbøll\|2005\|p=46}}	{{lang\|da\|høne\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈhœ̝ːnə]}}	'hen'	Also described as close-mid {{IPAblink\|øː}};{{Harvcoltxt\|Basbøll\|Wagner\|1985\|p=40}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt\|Basbøll\|2005\|p=48}}. typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œː}} See Danish phonology
Dutch	Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect{{sfnp\|Peters\|2010\|p=241}}	{{lang\|nl\|mùl\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[mœ̝ɫ]}}	'well'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}.
rowspan="5" \| English	Cockney{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=305}}	rowspan="5" \| bird	rowspan="5" \| {{IPA\|[bœ̝ːd]}}	rowspan="5" \| 'bird'	Occasional realization of {{IPA\|/ɜː/}}; can be unrounded {{IPAblink\|ɛ̝\|ɛ̝̈ː}} or, more often, unrounded central {{IPAblink\|ɜ̝ː}} instead.{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=305}} May be transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|ɜː}} or {{angbr IPA\|œː}}.
General New Zealand{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=607}}{{sfnp\|Roca\|Johnson\|1999\|p=188}}	May be open-mid {{IPAblink\|œː}} instead. In broader varieties, it is close-mid or higher.{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=607}}{{sfnp\|Roca\|Johnson\|1999\|p=188}}{{sfnp\|Bauer\|Warren\|2004\|pp=582, 591}} Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|ɵː}}. See New Zealand English phonology
South African{{sfnp\|Lass\|2002\|p=116}}	Used in General and Broad accents; may be close-mid {{IPAblink\|øː}} instead. In the Cultivated variety, it is realized as mid central unrounded {{IPAblink\|ɜ̝ː}}.{{sfnp\|Lass\|2002\|p=116}} See South African English phonology
Southern Welsh{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=381}}	Also described as open-mid {{IPAblink\|œː}}{{sfnp\|Penhallurick\|2004\|p=104}} and close-mid {{IPAblink\|øː}}.{{sfnp\|Collins\|Mees\|1990\|p=95}}{{sfnp\|Connolly\|1990\|p=125}}
West Midlands{{sfnp\|Collins\|Mees\|2003\|p=299}}
colspan="2" \| Faroese{{Harvcoltxt\|Peterson\|2000}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt\|Árnason\|2011\|p=76}}	{{lang\|fo\|høgt}}	{{IPA\|[hœ̝kt]}}	'high'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}. See Faroese phonology
colspan="2" \| Finnish{{sfnp\|Iivonen\|Harnud\|2005\|pp=60, 66}}{{sfnp\|Suomi\|Toivanen\|Ylitalo\|2008\|p=21}}	{{lang\|fi\|rölli\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈrø̞lːi]}}	'Common bent'	See Finnish phonology
rowspan="2" \| Greek	Tyrnavos{{sfnp\|Trudgill\|2009\|pp=86–87}}	rowspan="2" \| {{lang\|el\|κοριός / koreos}}	rowspan="2" \| {{IPA\|[ko̞ˈɾø̞s]}}	rowspan="2" \| 'bedbug'	rowspan="2" \| Corresponds to {{IPA\|/jo/}} and {{IPA\|/eo/}} in Standard Modern Greek.{{sfnp\|Trudgill\|2009\|pp=86–87}}
Velvendos{{sfnp\|Trudgill\|2009\|pp=86–87}}
colspan="2" \| Hungarian{{sfnp\|Szende\|1994\|p=92}}	{{lang\|hu\|öl\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ø̞l]}}	'kill'	See Hungarian phonology
colspan="2" \| Icelandic{{sfnp\|Brodersen\|2011}}	{{lang\|is\|öld}}	{{IPA\|[œ̝l̪t̪]}}	'age'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}. The long allophone is often diphthongized to {{IPA\|[øœ]}}.{{sfnp\|Árnason\|2011\|pp=57–60}} See Icelandic phonology
colspan="2" \| Korean{{sfnp\|Lee\|1999\|p=121}}	{{lang\|ko\| 왼손}} / {{lang\|ko-Latn\|oenson\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ø̞ːnson]}}	'left hand'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|ø}}. Diphthongized to {{IPA\|[we]}} in Modern Standard Korean. See Korean phonology
colspan="2" \| Romanian{{sfnp\|Romanian Academy\|2005\|p=?}}	{{lang\|ro\|bleu\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[bl̪ø̞]}}	'light blue'	Found only in loanwords.{{sfnp\|Romanian Academy\|2005\|p=?}} See Romanian phonology
Turkish{{sfnp\|Zimmer\|Orgun\|1999\|p=155}}{{sfnp\|Göksel\|Kerslake\|2005\|p=11}}	Standard	{{lang\|tr\|göz\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈɟø̞˗z̟]}}	'eye'	May be transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}. See Turkish phonology

Mid front protruded vowel

{{Infobox IPA

|above = Mid front protruded vowel

|ipa symbol = ø̫˕

|ipa symbol2 = œ̫˔

|ipa symbol3 = ø̞ʷ

|ipa symbol4 = œ̝ʷ

|ipa symbol5 = e̞ʷ

|ipa symbol6 = ɛ̝ʷ

}}

Catford notes{{full citation needed|date=July 2019}} that most languages with rounded front and back vowels use distinct types of labialization, protruded back vowels and compressed front vowels. However, a few languages, such as Scandinavian ones, have protruded front vowels. One of these, Swedish, even contrasts the two types of rounding in front vowels (see near-close near-front rounded vowel, with Swedish examples of both types of rounding).

As there are no diacritics in the IPA to distinguish protruded and compressed rounding, {{angbr IPA|ø̞ʷ}} (a mid front rounded vowel modified by endolabialization) will be used here as an ad hoc symbol for protruded mid front vowels.

Acoustically, this sound is "between" the more typical compressed mid front vowel {{IPA|[ø̞]}} and the unrounded mid front vowel {{IPAblink|e̞}}.

= Features =

= Occurrence =

class="wikitable"

! colspan="2" | Language !! Word !! IPA !! Meaning !! Notes

Swedish

Central Standard{{sfnp|Engstrand|1999|p=140}}{{sfnp|Elmquist|1915|p=33}}

'worn' (past part. s.)

Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr|œ}}. See Swedish phonology

Notes

References

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{{Accents of English|hide1=y}}
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External links

{{phoible|ø̞}}

Category:Mid vowels

Category:Front vowels

Category:Rounded vowels

pl:Samogłoska półprzymknięta przednia zaokrąglona

class="wikitable" style="clear: both;" ! colspan="2" \| Language !! Word !! IPA!! Meaning !! Notes
colspan="2" \| Breton{{sfnp\|Ternes\|1992\|p=433}}	{{example needed\|date=October 2018}}			Possible realization of unstressed {{IPA\|/œ/}}; can be open-mid {{IPAblink\|œ}} or close-mid {{IPAblink\|ø}} instead.{{sfnp\|Ternes\|1992\|p=433}}
Catalan	Northern{{sfnp\|Recasens\|1996\|pp=80–81}}	{{lang\|ca\|fulles\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈfø̞jəs]}}	'leaves'	Found in Occitan and French loanwords and interferences. See Catalan phonology
Danish	Standard{{sfnp\|Basbøll\|2005\|p=46}}	{{lang\|da\|høne\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈhœ̝ːnə]}}	'hen'	Also described as close-mid {{IPAblink\|øː}};{{Harvcoltxt\|Basbøll\|Wagner\|1985\|p=40}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt\|Basbøll\|2005\|p=48}}. typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œː}} See Danish phonology
Dutch	Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect{{sfnp\|Peters\|2010\|p=241}}	{{lang\|nl\|mùl\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[mœ̝ɫ]}}	'well'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}.
rowspan="5" \| English	Cockney{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=305}}	rowspan="5" \| bird	rowspan="5" \| {{IPA\|[bœ̝ːd]}}	rowspan="5" \| 'bird'	Occasional realization of {{IPA\|/ɜː/}}; can be unrounded {{IPAblink\|ɛ̝\|ɛ̝̈ː}} or, more often, unrounded central {{IPAblink\|ɜ̝ː}} instead.{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=305}} May be transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|ɜː}} or {{angbr IPA\|œː}}.
General New Zealand{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=607}}{{sfnp\|Roca\|Johnson\|1999\|p=188}}	May be open-mid {{IPAblink\|œː}} instead. In broader varieties, it is close-mid or higher.{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=607}}{{sfnp\|Roca\|Johnson\|1999\|p=188}}{{sfnp\|Bauer\|Warren\|2004\|pp=582, 591}} Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|ɵː}}. See New Zealand English phonology
South African{{sfnp\|Lass\|2002\|p=116}}	Used in General and Broad accents; may be close-mid {{IPAblink\|øː}} instead. In the Cultivated variety, it is realized as mid central unrounded {{IPAblink\|ɜ̝ː}}.{{sfnp\|Lass\|2002\|p=116}} See South African English phonology
Southern Welsh{{sfnp\|Wells\|1982\|p=381}}	Also described as open-mid {{IPAblink\|œː}}{{sfnp\|Penhallurick\|2004\|p=104}} and close-mid {{IPAblink\|øː}}.{{sfnp\|Collins\|Mees\|1990\|p=95}}{{sfnp\|Connolly\|1990\|p=125}}
West Midlands{{sfnp\|Collins\|Mees\|2003\|p=299}}
colspan="2" \| Faroese{{Harvcoltxt\|Peterson\|2000}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt\|Árnason\|2011\|p=76}}	{{lang\|fo\|høgt}}	{{IPA\|[hœ̝kt]}}	'high'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}. See Faroese phonology
colspan="2" \| Finnish{{sfnp\|Iivonen\|Harnud\|2005\|pp=60, 66}}{{sfnp\|Suomi\|Toivanen\|Ylitalo\|2008\|p=21}}	{{lang\|fi\|rölli\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈrø̞lːi]}}	'Common bent'	See Finnish phonology
rowspan="2" \| Greek	Tyrnavos{{sfnp\|Trudgill\|2009\|pp=86–87}}	rowspan="2" \| {{lang\|el\|κοριός / koreos}}	rowspan="2" \| {{IPA\|[ko̞ˈɾø̞s]}}	rowspan="2" \| 'bedbug'	rowspan="2" \| Corresponds to {{IPA\|/jo/}} and {{IPA\|/eo/}} in Standard Modern Greek.{{sfnp\|Trudgill\|2009\|pp=86–87}}
Velvendos{{sfnp\|Trudgill\|2009\|pp=86–87}}
colspan="2" \| Hungarian{{sfnp\|Szende\|1994\|p=92}}	{{lang\|hu\|öl\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ø̞l]}}	'kill'	See Hungarian phonology
colspan="2" \| Icelandic{{sfnp\|Brodersen\|2011}}	{{lang\|is\|öld}}	{{IPA\|[œ̝l̪t̪]}}	'age'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}. The long allophone is often diphthongized to {{IPA\|[øœ]}}.{{sfnp\|Árnason\|2011\|pp=57–60}} See Icelandic phonology
colspan="2" \| Korean{{sfnp\|Lee\|1999\|p=121}}	{{lang\|ko\| 왼손}} / {{lang\|ko-Latn\|oenson\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ø̞ːnson]}}	'left hand'	Typically transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|ø}}. Diphthongized to {{IPA\|[we]}} in Modern Standard Korean. See Korean phonology
colspan="2" \| Romanian{{sfnp\|Romanian Academy\|2005\|p=?}}	{{lang\|ro\|bleu\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[bl̪ø̞]}}	'light blue'	Found only in loanwords.{{sfnp\|Romanian Academy\|2005\|p=?}} See Romanian phonology
Turkish{{sfnp\|Zimmer\|Orgun\|1999\|p=155}}{{sfnp\|Göksel\|Kerslake\|2005\|p=11}}	Standard	{{lang\|tr\|göz\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ˈɟø̞˗z̟]}}	'eye'	May be transcribed in IPA with {{angbr IPA\|œ}}. See Turkish phonology