Mike Lockwood (physicist)

Schooled at The Skinners' School, Tunbridge Wells, he earned his BSc (1975) and then PhD (1978) degrees at the University of Exeter.{{Cite web|url=http://lib.exeter.ac.uk/record=b1308620~S6/frameset&FF=alockwood+michael&4%2C%2C4|title=University of Exeter Library /All Exeter|access-date=2 March 2022|archive-date=17 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117110720/http://lib.exeter.ac.uk/record%3Db1308620~S6/frameset%26FF%3Dalockwood+michael%264%2C%2C4|url-status=live}} Much of his career has been with Rutherford Appleton Laboratory but he has also worked at University of Southampton, NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center and University of Auckland. His research interests comprise, among others, variations in the magnetic fields of the Sun, interplanetary space, and the Earth and in general solar influence on global and regional climate. He has served as the Chair of the Council of EISCAT and as a Council member for the British Natural Environment Research Council.

His lectures, at the Saas-Fee Advanced Course The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate, together with contributions of such experts as Joanna Haigh and Mark Giampapa, were published as a book by Springer in 2006.The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate: Saas-Fee Advanced Course 34, 2004. Swiss Society for Astrophysics and Astronomy, Joanna Dorothy Haigh, Michael Lockwood, Mark S. Giampapa, (eds. Isabelle Rüedi, Manuel Güdel, and Werner Schmutz), Springer Science+Business Media, 30 March 2006, {{ISBN|978-3-540-27510-7}}

He played football during his postdoctoral studies in a team called the Merry Pranksters of Exeter University.{{Cite web|url=http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/pdfs/Pranksters.pdf|title=team presentation on Lockwood's website, 1979}}{{dead link|date=March 2022|fix-attempted=yes}} He plays guitar for the band Dumber than Chickens.{{Cite web |url=http://amazingtunes.com/dumberthanchickens |title=band entry |access-date=18 August 2014 |archive-date=19 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084309/http://amazingtunes.com/dumberthanchickens |url-status=live }}

In 2007, Lockwood co-authored a paper about solar data from the past 40 years. He was partly inspired to conduct the study after seeing the Great Global Warming Swindle, which contends that the Sun is the primary cause of recent climate change.{{cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/jul/05/climatechange.climatechange | title=Temperature rises 'not caused by sun' | work=The Guardian | date=5 July 2007 | access-date=22 February 2014 | author=Adam, David | archive-date=3 July 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703210803/http://environment.guardian.co.uk/climatechange/story/0,,2119695,00.html | url-status=live }} He found that between 1985 and 1987 all the solar factors that could affect climate performed a "U-turn in every possible way". Lockwood told the New Scientist that he seriously doubted that solar influences were a big factor compared to anthropogenic influences: to explain the lack of global cooling since 1987 would require a very long response time to any solar forcing which is not found in detected responses to volcanic forcing.{{Cite journal|doi=10.1098/rspa.2007.1880 |last1=Lockwood |first1=M. |last2=Fröhlich |first2=C. |title=Recent oppositely directed trends in solar climate forcings and the global mean surface air temperature |year=2007 |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |volume=463 |issue=2086 |pages=2447 |url=http://www.pubs.royalsoc.ac.uk/media/proceedings_a/rspa20071880.pdf |format=Full free text |quote=Our results show that the observed rapid rise in global mean temperatures seen after 1985 cannot be ascribed to solar variability, whichever of the mechanisms is invoked and no matter how much the solar variation is amplified |bibcode=2007RSPSA.463.2447L |s2cid=14580351 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926023811/http://www.pubs.royalsoc.ac.uk/media/proceedings_a/rspa20071880.pdf |archive-date=26 September 2007 }}{{cite web | url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12234-suns-activity-rules-out-link-to-global-warming.html | title=Sun's activity rules out link to global warming | work=New Scientist | date=11 July 2007 | access-date=22 February 2014 | author=Brahic, Catherine | archive-date=17 December 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217035053/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12234-suns-activity-rules-out-link-to-global-warming.html | url-status=live }}

However, Lockwood has stressed the distinction between global, regional and seasonal climate changes and is of the opinion that solar modulation of the winter, northern hemisphere jet stream might well result in Europe experiencing a higher fraction of cold winters. From past variations of the Sun deduced from cosmogenic isotopes he concludes that a slide into a new Maunder Minimum is possible over the next 50–100 years. The biggest impact of such a decline in solar activity would be a higher occurrence frequency of relatively cold winters in the UK and across Europe, each of which would be accompanied by a relatively warm one elsewhere (for example in Greenland).[http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2013/11/solar-activity-and-the-so-called-%E2%80%9Clittle-ice-age%E2%80%9D/ Solar Activity and the so-called “Little Ice Age”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819125714/http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2013/11/solar-activity-and-the-so-called-%E2%80%9Clittle-ice-age%E2%80%9D/ |date=19 August 2014 }}, Carbon brief blog, 1 November 2013, Mike Lockwood[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25743806 Is our Sun falling silent?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918193222/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25743806 |date=18 September 2018 }} Rebecca Morelle, BBC World Service 18 January 2014

In 2012, Lockwood said the field of Sun-climate relations had been "corrupted by unwelcome political and financial influence as climate change sceptics have seized upon putative solar effects as an excuse for inaction on anthropogenic warming".Mike Lockwood [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10712-012-9181-3#page-1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902044339/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10712-012-9181-3#page-1 |date=2 September 2017 }} Surveys in GeophysicsJuly 2012, Volume 33, Issue 3–4, pp 503–534, Solar Influence on Global and Regional Climates,

• 1990 The Zel'dovich Award for Commission C (Ionospheric Physics), awarded by the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), of the International Council of Scientific Unions{{Cite web|url=https://cosparhq.cnes.fr/awards/zeldovich|title=Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) » Zeldovich Medals|access-date=9 February 2015|archive-date=9 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109221044/https://cosparhq.cnes.fr/awards/zeldovich|url-status=live}}
• 1990 The Issac Koga Gold Medal, awarded by the International Union of Radio Science (URSI){{Cite web | url=http://www.ursi.org/awards.php#tab-awardees4 | title=URSI Awards | access-date=16 May 2017 | archive-date=5 May 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505173615/http://www.ursi.org/awards.php#tab-awardees4 | url-status=live }}
• 1998 The Chapman Medal, awarded by the Royal Astronomical Society, London{{Cite web | url=https://www.ras.org.uk/images/stories/awards/winners/previous_winner_lists/2017/Chapman_medallists.pdf | title=The Royal Astronomical Society | access-date=16 May 2017 | archive-date=2 March 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302101821/https://ras.ac.uk/ | url-status=live }}
• 2003 The Charles Chree (now renamed the Appleton) Award and Prize, awarded by the Institute of Physics, London{{Cite web | url=http://www.iop.org/about/awards/subject/appleton/medallists/page_38521.html | title=Appleton medal recipients | access-date=9 February 2015 | archive-date=16 August 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816021708/http://www.iop.org/about/awards/subject/appleton/medallists/page_38521.html | url-status=live }}
• 2006 Elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of London{{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/blog/2019/01/introducing-the-new-editor-of-proceedings-a/|title=Introducing the new Editor of Proceedings A | Royal Society|website=royalsociety.org|date=23 January 2019}}
• 2012 The Julius Bartels Medal, awarded by the European Geosciences Union{{Cite web | url=http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/julius-bartels/ | title=Julius Bartels Medal | access-date=9 February 2015 | archive-date=9 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209121640/http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/julius-bartels/ | url-status=live }}
• 2015 The Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society for Geophysics{{Cite web |url=https://www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/2553-winners-of-the-2015-awards-medals-and-prizes#gold_g |title=citation for RAS gold medal |access-date=12 January 2015 |archive-date=15 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415195447/https://www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/2553-winners-of-the-2015-awards-medals-and-prizes#gold_g |url-status=live }}

• M. Lockwood, The study of HF radio waves propagated over a long, sub-auroral path, Exeter University, UK, 1978 (http://lib.exeter.ac.uk/record=b1308620~S6)
• Saas-Fe Book (2004), J.D. Haigh, M. Lockwood and M.S. Giampapa, The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate, Springer, {{ISBN|3-540-23856-5}}, 2004
• M. Lockwood Reconstruction and Prediction of Variations in the Open Solar Magnetic Flux and Interplanetary Conditions, Living Reviews in Solar Physics, 10, 4, 2013. {{doi|10.12942/lrsp-2013-4|doi-access=free}}
• M. Lockwood, Solar Influence on Global and Regional Climate, Surveys in Geophysics, 33 (3), 503–534, 2012. {{doi|10.1007/s10712-012-9181-3}}
• M. Lockwood et al., The rise and fall of open solar flux during the current grand solar maximum, Ap. J., 700 (2), 937–944, 2009. {{doi|10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/937}}
• M. Lockwood et al., A doubling of the sun's coronal magnetic field during the last 100 years, Nature, 399, 437–439, 1999. {{doi|10.1038/20867}}
• S.W.H. Cowley and M. Lockwood, Excitation and decay of solar-wind driven flows in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system, Annales Geophys., 10, 103–115, 1992.{{Cite web |url=http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/pdfs/92_CowleyandLockwood_1992.pdf |title=Cowley and Lockwood (1992) paper on new paradigm for ionosphere/magnetosphere flow excitation |access-date=16 May 2017 |archive-date=23 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023010650/http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/pdfs/92_CowleyandLockwood_1992.pdf |url-status=live }}
• M. Lockwood et al., Ionospheric signatures of pulsed magnetic reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause, Nature, 361 (6411), 424–428, 1993 {{doi|10.1038/361424a0}}, 1993
• M. Lockwood et al., Non-Maxwellian ion velocity distributions observed using EISCAT, Geophys. Res. Lett., 14, 111–114, 1987. {{doi|10.1029/GL014i002p00111}}
• M. Lockwood et al., The geomagnetic mass spectrometer – mass and energy dispersions of ionospheric ion flows into the magnetosphere, Nature, 316, 612–613, 1985. {{doi|10.1038/316612a0}}
• more than 400 journal publications{{Cite web |url=https://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/publications_source.html |title=publications and reprints |access-date=16 May 2017 |archive-date=23 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023010603/http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/publications_source.html |url-status=live }}

{{reflist}}

• [http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/AandG_source.html Mike Lockwood] Q and A interview
• [http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/userpages/ym901336.php Mike Lockwood] webpage at University of Reading
• [http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~ym901336/index.html Mike Lockwood CV]

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Category:1954 births

Category:Living people

Category:People educated at The Skinners' School

Category:English physicists

Category:Place of birth missing (living people)

Category:Academics of the University of Reading

Category:Fellows of the Royal Society

Category:Alumni of the University of Exeter

Category:Recipients of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society