Mikulovice (Jeseník District)
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mikulovice
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Municipality
| image_skyline = Mikulovice (Niklasdorf) - Bělá.jpg
| image_caption = Bridge over the Bělá River
| image_flag = Mikulovice (okres Jeseník) vlajka.jpg
| image_shield = Mikulovice (okres Jeseník) znak.jpg
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{CZE}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Olomouc
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Jeseník
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Czech Republic
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| coordinates = {{coord|50|17|55|N|17|19|18|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| established_title = First mentioned
| established_date = 1263
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 33.30
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 320
| population_as_of = 2024-01-01
| population_footnotes = {{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/population-of-municipalities-qexb0dqr2d|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2024-05-17}}
| population_total = 2524
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = CET
| utc_offset1 = +1
| timezone1_DST = CEST
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 790 84
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| website = {{URL|https://www.mikulovice.cz/}}
| footnotes =
}}
Mikulovice ({{langx|de|Niklasdorf}}, {{langx|pl|Mikułowice}}) is a municipality and village in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,500 inhabitants.
Administrative division
Mikulovice consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):{{cite web |title=Public Census 2021 – basic data|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4690&katalog=33475&pvo=SLD21043-CO|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2022}}
- Mikulovice (1,993)
- Kolnovice (79)
- Široký Brod (306)
Geography
Mikulovice is located about {{convert|11|km|0}} northeast of Jeseník and {{convert|77|km|abbr=on}} north of Olomouc, on the border with Poland. It lies in the Zlatohorská Highlands. The highest point is the mountains Bílé skály at {{convert|922|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. The built-up area is situated in the valley of the Bělá River. The Olešnice Stream flows into the Bělá in the village. Most of the municipal territory lies within the Jeseníky Protected Landscape Area.
History
The first written mention of Mikulovice is from 1263. It was founded in the 13th century, during the colonization by the bishops of Wrocław, who owned the area.{{cite web |title=Mikulovice|url=http://www.smoj.cz/mikulovice/ms-1211/p1=1211|publisher=Sdružení měst a obcí Jesenicka|language=cs|access-date=2022-01-31}}
Mikulovice became part of the Duchy of Nysa, which later on passed under Bohemian suzerainty, and following the duchy's dissolution in 1850, it was incorporated directly into Bohemia. Following World War I, from 1918, it formed part of Czechoslovakia.
From 1938 to 1945, the municipality was occupied by Germany and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland. During World War II, the Germans operated several forced labour subcamps of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp in the village.{{cite web |title=Working Parties|url=https://www.lamsdorf.com/working-parties.html|website=lamsdorf.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029103834/https://www.lamsdorf.com/working-parties.html|access-date=2021-11-13|archive-date=2020-10-29}}
In 1907, Mikulovice became a market town, but lost the title during the reformation in 1949.
Demographics
{{historical populations
|align=none|cols=3
|1869|4014
|1880|4327
|1890|4897
|1900|4939
|1910|4947
|1921|4688
|1930|4966
|1950|2436
|1961|2822
|1970|2797
|1980|2813
|1991|2704
|2001|2782
|2011|2570
|2021|2378
|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2021-03-27}}}}
Transport
On the Czech-Polish border is a railway border crossing and a road border crossing, both named Mikulovice / Głuchołazy.
Mikulovice is located on the Krnov–Jeseník railway line.{{cite web |title=Detail stanice Mikulovice|url=https://www.cd.cz/stanice/mikulovice/5434232|publisher=České dráhy|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-17}}
Sights
File:2012-06 Mikulovice u Jeseníku.jpg
The main landmark of Mikulovice is the Church of Saint Nicholas. It was built in 1903, when it replaced an old church from 1550.{{cite web |title=Kostel sv. Mikuláše|url=https://pamatkovykatalog.cz/kostel-sv-mikulase-540686|publisher=National Heritage Institute|language=cs|access-date=2023-05-20}}
Twin towns – sister cities
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}
Mikulovice is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Nemůžu si stěžovat, že bych měl moc volného času|url=https://www.mikulovice.cz/aktualne-fotogalerie/napsali-o-nas/nemuzu-si-stezovat-ze-bych-mel-moc-volneho-casu-15cs.html|publisher=Obec Mikulovice|language=cs|date=2015-04-09|access-date=2023-11-11}}
- {{flagicon|POL}} Głuchołazy, Poland
- {{flagicon|POL}} Pakosławice, Poland
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Mikulovice (Jeseník District)}}
- {{official|https://www.mikulovice.cz/}}
{{Jeseník District}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mikulovice}}