Minecraft server
{{Short description|Game servers for the video game Minecraft}}
{{Italic title|string=Minecraft}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2020}}
A Minecraft server is a player-owned or business-owned multiplayer game server for the 2011 Mojang Studios video game Minecraft. In this context, the term "server" often refers to a network of connected servers, rather than a single machine.{{Cite web |last=Collins-Laflamme |first=Simon |author-link=Hypixel |title=What are Hypixel Admins even working on? |url=https://hypixel.net/threads/what-are-hypixel-admins-even-working-on.1225215/post-10147114 |access-date=2020-10-29 |website=Hypixel Forums |date=July 11, 2017 |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117000537/https://hypixel.net/threads/what-are-hypixel-admins-even-working-on.1225215/page-3 |url-status=live }} Players can start their own server either by setting one up on a computer using software provided by Mojang, or by using a hosting provider so they can have their server run on dedicated machines with guaranteed uptime.{{Cite news |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2012/09/blocks-with-friends-how-to-run-your-own-minecraft-server/ |title=Blocks with friends: How to run your own Minecraft server |last=Hutchinson |first=Lee |date=September 10, 2012 |website=Ars Technica |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115100732/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2012/09/blocks-with-friends-how-to-run-your-own-minecraft-server/ |archive-date=15 November 2012 |access-date=19 August 2019}} The largest server is widely accepted to be the minigame server Hypixel.{{Cite news |url=https://variety.com/2018/gaming/news/hypixel-studios-reveals-hytale-1203089201/ |title=Creators of Popular 'Minecraft' Server Announce New Game 'Hytale' |last=Fogel |first=Stefanie |date=December 13, 2018 |work=Variety |access-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215022409/https://variety.com/2018/gaming/news/hypixel-studios-reveals-hytale-1203089201/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/riot-games-leads-investment-hypixel-game-studio-1168889 |title=Riot Games Leads Investment in Hypixel Game Studio |last=Jarvey |first=Natalie |date=December 13, 2018 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=December 14, 2018 |archive-date=December 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221000646/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/riot-games-leads-investment-hypixel-game-studio-1168889 |url-status=live }}
Minecraft multiplayer servers are controlled by server operators, who have access to server commands such as setting the time of day, teleporting players and setting the world spawn. The server owner (or users that have access to the live server files) can also set up and install plugins to change the mechanics of the server, add commands among other features, and can also set up restrictions concerning which usernames or IP addresses are allowed or disallowed to enter the game server.
Multiplayer servers have a wide range of activities: with some servers having unique premises, rules, and customs. Player versus player (PvP) combat can be enabled to allow fighting between players. Custom mods and plugins (server side mods) can be used with modified servers to allow actions that are not normally possible in the vanilla form of the game.{{Cite web |date=2024-05-05 |title=How Plugins Work {{!}} PaperMC Docs |url=https://docs.papermc.io/paper/dev/how-do-plugins-work |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=docs.papermc.io |language=en}} There also exists a modification of the server software that can allow crossplay between the Java and Bedrock editions of the game.{{Cite web |title=Geyser {{!}} GeyserMC |url=https://geysermc.org/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=geysermc.org |language=en}}
History
Multiplayer was first added to Minecraft on May 31, 2009, during the Classic phase of the game.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W-FfCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA114|title=Guinness World Records 2016 Gamer's Edition|date=2015-09-01|publisher=Macmillan - Guinness World Records|isbn=978-1-910561-13-3|pages=114|access-date=August 6, 2021|archive-date=January 17, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117000550/https://books.google.com/books?id=W-FfCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA114|url-status=live}} The oldest server map is called "Freedonia", on the Minecraft server MinecraftOnline. The server and map were created on August 4, 2010, within the first hour of Minecraft multiplayer being released.{{Cite news |last=Avard |first=Alex |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/minecraft-oldest-server/ |title="Welcome to Freedonia": Minecraft's oldest server is still a mind-boggling menagerie of marvel and wonder |date=September 27, 2017 |work=GamesRadar+ |access-date=March 12, 2020 |archive-date=September 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928012634/https://www.gamesradar.com/minecraft-oldest-server/ |url-status=live }}
In 2013, Mojang announced Minecraft Realms, a server hosting service intended to enable players to run server multiplayer games easily and safely without having to set up their own.{{Cite news |url=http://www.polygon.com/2013/3/18/4118526/minecraft-realms-hopes-to-make-an-increasingly-complex-game-more |title=Minecraft Realms hopes to make an increasingly complex game more family-friendly |last=Crecente |first=Brian |date=March 18, 2013 |work=Polygon |access-date=March 26, 2013 |archive-date=March 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130321113627/http://www.polygon.com/2013/3/18/4118526/minecraft-realms-hopes-to-make-an-increasingly-complex-game-more |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/minecraft/minecraft-realms-subscription-service-families-will-bring-more-money-game-itself |title=Minecraft Realms is a subscription service for families that will "bring in more money than the game itself" |last=Peel |first=Jeremy |date=March 14, 2013 |work=PCGamesN |access-date=December 2, 2019 |archive-date=July 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160719142423/http://www.pcgamesn.com/minecraft/minecraft-realms-subscription-service-families-will-bring-more-money-game-itself |url-status=live }} Unlike a standard server, only invited players can join Realms servers, and these servers do not use IP addresses. Since 2016, Realms have enabled Minecraft to support cross-platform play between Windows 10, iOS, and Android platforms.{{Cite news |url=http://www.polygon.com/e3/2016/6/13/11922908/minecraft-cross-platform-e3-2016 |title=Minecraft gets cross-platform play later this year |last=Frank |first=Allegra |date=June 13, 2016 |work=Polygon |access-date=June 13, 2016 |archive-date=June 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160616111115/http://www.polygon.com/e3/2016/6/13/11922908/minecraft-cross-platform-e3-2016 |url-status=live }} It is a subscription-based service,{{cite web |title=Minecraft Realms Servers Have Struggled With Being Down for Almost Week |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/minecraft-realms-servers-have-struggled-with-being-down-for-almost-week |website=IGN |access-date=12 April 2025 |date=August 19, 2024}} allowing for either three or eleven players in the realm at once depending on the subscription tier.{{cite web |last1=Cipriani |first1=Jason |title=6 things you should know about Minecraft Realms for iOS, Android |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/gaming/6-things-you-should-know-about-minecraft-realms-for-ios-android/ |website=CNET |access-date=12 April 2025 |date=June 21, 2016}} While Realms can also be purchased on the Java edition of the game, it does not enable cross platform play with Bedrock players.{{cite web |last1=James |first1=Sarah |title=How to set up a Minecraft Realms multiplayer server |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/minecraft-realms/ |website=Games Radar |access-date=12 April 2025 |date=October 31, 2024}}
In June 2014, Mojang began enforcing the EULA of Minecraft: Java Edition to prevent servers from selling pay-to-win items in microtransactions, which many players thought unfairly affected gameplay.{{Cite news |url=https://www.polygon.com/2014/6/18/5819274/mojang-multiplayer-servers |title=Why some fans are battling with Notch over Minecraft changes |last=Campbell |first=Colin |date=June 18, 2014 |work=Polygon |access-date=January 26, 2020 |archive-date=September 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913050649/https://www.polygon.com/2014/6/18/5819274/mojang-multiplayer-servers |url-status=live }} After this change, servers were only allowed to sell cosmetic items.{{Cite news |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/why-minecrafts-new-eula-is-good-for-the-community/ |title=Why Minecraft's new EULA is good for the game |last=Savage |first=Phil |date=June 18, 2014 |work=PC Gamer |access-date=January 27, 2020 |archive-date=January 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126192826/https://www.pcgamer.com/why-minecrafts-new-eula-is-good-for-the-community/ |url-status=live }} Many servers closed shortly afterwards.{{Cite news |url=https://kotaku.com/the-uncertain-future-of-minecrafts-independent-servers-1790360981 |title=The Uncertain Future of Minecraft's Independent Servers |last=Guthrie |first=Robert |date=December 21, 2016 |work=Kotaku |access-date=December 7, 2019 |archive-date=December 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204151616/https://kotaku.com/the-uncertain-future-of-minecrafts-independent-servers-1790360981 |url-status=live }}
On September 20, 2017, the "Better Together Update" was released for Bedrock codebase-derived editions of the game, which added cross platform multiplayer support, along with four featured servers: Lifeboat, Mineplex, InPVP and CubeCraft.{{Cite news |url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/06/11/minecraft-is-now-available-for-cross-play-on-any-device/ |title=Minecraft is now available for cross-play on any device |last=Shieber |first=Johnathan |date=June 11, 2017 |work=TechCrunch |access-date=January 26, 2020 |archive-date=January 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126192837/https://techcrunch.com/2017/06/11/minecraft-is-now-available-for-cross-play-on-any-device/ |url-status=live }}
On July 27, 2022, player chat reporting was added as a part of "The Wild Update", 1.19.1. This allowed players to report abusive chat messages sent by other players directly to Mojang, and players could be banned from playing on multiplayer servers, including realms, as a whole for violating Microsoft's community standards.{{Cite web |last=Hedberg |first=Mikael |date=2022-07-27 |title=Minecraft Java Edition 1.19.1 |url=https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/minecraft-java-edition-1-19-1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901221701/https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/minecraft-java-edition-1-19-1 |archive-date=1 September 2022 |work=Minecraft |publisher=Mojang Studios}}
On November 7, 2023, Mojang Studios, in collaboration with GamerSafer, opened the official server list of Minecraft.{{Cite web |date=2024-03-08 |title=The Official Minecraft Server List is Live {{!}} Minecraft |url=https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/the-official-minecraft-server-list-live |access-date=2024-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308191314/https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/the-official-minecraft-server-list-live |archive-date=March 8, 2024 }}
Management
Managing a Minecraft server can be a full-time job for many server owners.
Several large servers employ a staff of developers, managers, and artists. Running a large server can be expensive for its operators,{{Cite news |url=https://kotaku.com/why-people-are-mad-about-minecrafts-new-changes-1592190004 |title=Why People Are Mad About Minecraft's New Changes |last=Marinconz |first=Steve |date=June 17, 2014 |work=Kotaku |access-date=January 31, 2020 |archive-date=December 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228164929/https://kotaku.com/why-people-are-mad-about-minecrafts-new-changes-1592190004 |url-status=live }} particularly those that have more than a thousand players. Expenses may include salaries, hardware, bandwidth, and DDoS protection. Dunbar stated that MCGamer, which has had over 50,000 daily players, has expenses that can be "well into the five-figure marks" per month. As of 2015, expenses of Hypixel, the largest server, are nearly $100,000 per month. Many servers sell in-game ranks, cosmetics and passes to certain minigames or gamemodes to cover expenses.
= Technical aspects =
For the Java edition, Mojang release an official jar for server operators to run their servers. Third party server jars also exist; typically utilizing resources more efficiently than the official server software and allowing the use of plugins.{{Cite book |last=Sommer |first=Cody M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uiHlCwAAQBAJ&q=minecraft+plugins |title=Building Minecraft Server Modifications |date=2015-12-23 |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-78588-687-4 |language=en}} However, Minecraft servers have traditionally been restricted to running most operations on a single core (main thread) with a limited amount of other operations being able to be run asynchronously, making them inefficient for large player counts.{{Cite web |date=2023-04-03 |title=Minecraft Finally Gets Multi-Threaded Servers |url=https://hackaday.com/2023/04/03/minecraft-finally-gets-multi-threaded-servers/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Hackaday |language=en-US}}
Notable servers
The most popular Java Edition server is Hypixel, which, released in April 2013, has had over 20 million unique players. In 2021, CubeCraft Games, released in December 2012 on Java Edition and in 2018 on Bedrock Edition,{{Cite tweet |user=CubeCraftGames |number=1473337471710556165 |title=ITS OUR 9TH BIRTHDAY! We would love to know some of your favourite memories playing on the server! Let us know by using #CubeCraft9! |date=December 21, 2021 |access-date=October 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221170021/https://twitter.com/CubeCraftGames/status/1473337471710556165 |archive-date=December 21, 2021}} had over 30 million unique server connections, and a peak player count of more than 57,000 concurrent players.{{Cite web |last=Younisco |date=2022-02-02 |title=What's new in 2022? |url=https://www.cubecraft.net/threads/whats-new-in-2022-%F0%9F%A4%94.301024/ |website=www.cubecraft.net |access-date=May 16, 2023 |archive-date=May 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516150649/https://www.cubecraft.net/threads/whats-new-in-2022-%F0%9F%A4%94.301024/ |url-status=live }} Other popular servers include MCGamer, released in April 2012, which has over 3.5 million unique players;{{Cite news |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/09/15/minecraft-biggest-servers/ |title=The Future Of Minecraft's Biggest Servers |last=Wiltshire |first=Alex |date=September 15, 2015 |work=Rock, Paper, Shotgun |access-date=January 23, 2020 |archive-date=February 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212044219/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/09/15/minecraft-biggest-servers/ |url-status=live }}{{When|date=January 2025|reason=It seems that this server has now shut down}} Wynncraft, released in April 2013, which has over 1 million unique players;{{Cite web |url=https://www.techtimes.com/articles/207952/20170522/a-game-within-a-game-wynncraft-is-an-mmorpg-inside-minecraft.htm |title=A Game Within A Game: 'Wynncraft' Is An MMORPG Inside 'Minecraft' |last=Velasco |first=Carl |date=May 22, 2017 |website=Tech Times |access-date=January 23, 2020 |archive-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522155554/https://www.techtimes.com/articles/207952/20170522/a-game-within-a-game-wynncraft-is-an-mmorpg-inside-minecraft.htm |url-status=live }} and Emenbee, released in 2011, which also has over 1 million unique players.{{Cite news |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-03-23-in-game-tributes-to-minecraft-server-owner-who-died-of-cancer |title=Minecraft players write touching tributes on in-game signs for "amazing" server owner who died of cancer |last=Yin-Poole |first=Wesley |date=March 23, 2019 |work=Eurogamer |access-date=September 28, 2019 |archive-date=April 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401040001/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-03-23-in-game-tributes-to-minecraft-server-owner-who-died-of-cancer |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last=Horti |first=Samuel |date=March 24, 2019 |title=Minecraft players build touching tribute to server owner who died of cancer |work=PC Gamer |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/minecraft-players-build-touching-memorial-to-server-owner-who-died-of-cancer/ |url-status=live |access-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207080416/https://www.pcgamer.com/minecraft-players-build-touching-memorial-to-server-owner-who-died-of-cancer/ |archive-date=December 7, 2019}} As of 2014, servers such as Mineplex, Hypixel, Shotbow and The Hive receive "well over a million unique users every month", according to Polygon.
=List=
{{legend2|#e6ffe6|Bedrock edition Mojang-featured server|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5ozjgEACAAJ |title=Ultimate Guide to Mastering Minigames and Servers: Minecraft Secrets to the World's Best Servers and Minigames |date=April 5, 2016 |publisher=Triumph Books |isbn=9781629372334 |access-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206052756/https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/L5ozjgEACAAJ |archive-date=December 6, 2019 |url-status=live}}