Mining and Chemical Combine

{{Short description|Russian Nuclear Facility (estab. 1950)}}

{{Expand German|Kerntechnische Anlage Schelesnogorsk|date=July 2015}}

File:RIAN archive 804630 Main switchboard of underground nuclear power plant.jpg

The Mining and Chemical Combine is a nuclear facility in Russia. It was established in 1950 to produce plutonium for weapons.{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/krasnoyarsk-26_nuc.htm|title=Krasnoyarsk-26|author=John Pike|publisher=globalsecurity.org|accessdate=2015-07-04}} It is in the closed city Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai. The company is currently part of the Rosatom group.{{cite web|title=О предприятии|url=http://www.sibghk.ru/company.html|website=Sibghk.ru|language=ru-ru}}

The site had three underground nuclear reactors using cooling water from the Yenisei river: AD (1958), ADE-1 (1961) and ADE-2 (1965). ADE-2 was shut down in 2010 in accord with the 1997 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement (Plutonium Production Reactor Agreement) with the United States. It also provided heat and electricity for the area, which was its main function after 1993.{{cite news |url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsrussia-dismantles-two-uranium-graphite-reactors-10515622 |title=Russia dismantles two uranium graphite reactors |publisher=Nuclear Engineering International |date=13 January 2023 |access-date=17 January 2023}}{{cite web |url=http://www.bits.de/NRANEU/NonProliferation/docs/GCC_fact_Pudisp1997.htm |title=Fact Sheet on U.S.-Russian Plutonium Production Reactor Agreement |publisher=BITS |work=United States Information Agency |date=2 July 1998 |access-date=17 January 2023}}

The complex has an interim storage facility.{{cite web|url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/WR-Russia_commissions_fuel_storage_facility-3001124.html|title=Russia commissions fuel storage facility|publisher=world-nuclear-news.org|accessdate=2015-07-04}} There is also a 60 t/year commercial mixed oxide (MOX) fuel fabrication facility (MFFF).{{cite web|url=http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Nuclear-Fuel-Cycle/Fuel-Recycling/Mixed-Oxide-Fuel-MOX/|title=MOX, Mixed Oxide Fuel|publisher=world-nuclear.org|accessdate=2015-07-04|archive-date=2013-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130910162804/http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Nuclear-Fuel-Cycle/Fuel-Recycling/Mixed-Oxide-Fuel-MOX/|url-status=dead}} It employs 7000 people.{{cite web|url=http://www.nti.org/facilities/895/|title=Mining and Chemical Combine (GKhK) | Facilities | NTI|publisher=nti.org|accessdate=2015-07-04}}

The MOX production line completed a 10 kg batch in September 2014.{{cite web|url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Russia-makes-fast-neutron-reactor-progress-1909201401.html|title=Russia makes fast neutron reactor progress|publisher=world-nuclear-news.org|accessdate=2015-07-04}}

The city has a Mining and Chemical Combine museum.{{cite web |url=http://www.tipazheleznogorsk.narod.ru/english/en8.html |title=The Museum of the Mining Chemistry Plant |website=About Zheleznogorsk |access-date=17 January 2023}}