Ministry of Justice (Belarus)

{{Infobox government agency

| name = Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Belarus

| nativename_a = Міністэрства юстыцыі Рэспублікі Беларусь

| nativename_r =

| logo = Coat of arms of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Belarus.jpg

| image = Minjust bel budinak.jpg

| formed = {{start date and age|1992|df=y}}

| dissolved =

| superseding =

| jurisdiction = Government of Belarus

| headquarters = Minsk, Belarus

| employees =

| budget =

| minister1_name = Evgeniy Kovalenko

| minister1_pfo = Minister of Justice

| website = {{URL|https://minjust.gov.by}}

| footnotes = The Ministry of Justice oversees the Supreme Court of Belarus

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| parent_department = Ministry of Justice of the Byelorussian SSR (1946-1992)
People's Commissariat of Justice of the BSSR (1946)

}}

The Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Belarus (Belarusian: Міністэрства юстыцыі Рэспублікі Беларусь) is a Belarusian government agency that is charged with the administering and enforcing the justice system of Belarus.

Introduction

Although a minister of justice existed as early as 1918, it was not until 1946 that The People's Commissariat of Justice of the BSSR was transformed into the Ministry of Justice of the BSSR. The ministry was abolished in 1960 and would not be reestablished until a decade later in 1970. The ministry has existed in some capacity since then.{{Cite web|url=https://minjust.gov.by/ministry/history/|title=История — Министерство юстиции Республики Беларусь|website=minjust.gov.by|language=ru-RU|access-date=2018-06-19}}

The ministry was criticized for the double standards to commercial and non-governmental organizations (including political parties). As of 2020, there were 15 parties in Belarus. The last party was registered in 2000, and later the ministry denied to register new parties for different reasons. Belarusian Christian Democracy made 7 attempts to register, Party of freedom and progress — 4 attempts; People's Hramada party was also prevented from registration. The ministry justified all these cases by the reasons that are thought to be artificial and flimsy. For example, the ministry refused to register a local branch of BPF Party in Hrodna Region because of "incorrect line spacing" in the documents.[https://zautra.by/news/news-4675 Эксперты: процедура регистрации партий в Беларуси реально не была упрощена][https://euroradio.fm/ru/kak-vlasti-20-let-podryad-otkazyvayut-v-registracii-novyh-partiy Как власти 20 лет подряд отказывают в регистрации новых партий] During another attempt to register this branch, the ministry requested the additional documents that are not mentioned in the law.[https://www.lawtrend.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Cvoboda-assotsiatsij_Obzor_2012.pdf СВОБОДА АССОЦИАЦИЙ И ПРАВОВОЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКИХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ В БЕЛАРУСИ. Обзор за 2012 год] One of the refusals got by the Belarusian Christian Democracy cited lack of home or work phones information for some of the party founders. Another refusal was based on a statement in the party's charter that its members should be "supporters of a Christian worldview".[https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur49/002/2013/be/ WHAT IS NOT PERMITTED IS PROHIBITED. SILENCING CIVIL SOCIETY IN BELARUS], Amnesty International report According to the Centre for Legal Transformation, the ministry is also actively refusing to register non-governmental organizations. In 2009, the ministry declared that the registration process was simplified, but the legal experts of political parties doubted this statement claiming that only insignificant issues were affected. In 2012, the ministry started the procedure of suspension of an NGO citing the wrong capital letter on a stamp ("Dobraya Volya" instead of "Dobraya volya") as one of the reasons; the NGO was soon suspended. In 2011 and 2013, the ministry refused to register LGBT organizations; therefore Belarus had no LGBT associations.

The European Union and the United States imposed sanctions against then-current minister of justice Oleg Slizhevsky (Aleh Slizheuski). The United States named Slizhevsky as one of the orchestrators of fraudulent election,[https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0237 Treasury and International Partners Condemn Ongoing Human Rights Abuses and Erosion of Democracy in Belarus] the Council of the European Union stated that he's responsible for the misconduct of the 2020 presidential electoral process.[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32020D1388&rid=1 COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING DECISION (CFSP) 2020/1388 of 2 October 2020 implementing Decision 2012/642/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against Belarus]

In July and August 2021, the ministry started the procedure of closure of several major NGOs, including Belarusian Popular Front, the oldest continuously operating organization in Belarus (founded in 1988, registered in 1991),[https://belsat.eu/en/news/19-08-2021-justice-ministry-seeks-to-close-down-one-of-the-oldest-socio-political-associations-in-belarus/ Justice Ministry seeks to close down one of the oldest socio-political associations in Belarus] Belarusian Association of Journalists,[https://ifex.org/belarus-justice-ministry-files-lawsuit-seeking-the-closure-of-the-belarusian-association-of-journalists/ Belarus: Justice Ministry files lawsuit seeking the closure of the Belarusian Association of Journalists] Belarusian PEN centre,[https://pen.org/press-release/belarus-moves-to-shut-down-pen-belarus/ BELARUS MOVES TO SHUT DOWN PEN BELARUS] World Association of Belarusians.[https://afn.by/news/i/291500 Белорусские власти ликвидировали "Згуртаванне беларусаў свету "Бацькаўшчына"]

The ministry is also criticized for expanded intervention in the judicial system.[https://www.fidh.org/en/issues/human-rights-defenders/belarus-controls-on-lawyers-endangering-human-rights Belarus: Controls on lawyers endangering human rights]

List of Leaders

= Ministers of Justice of the Belarusian People's Republic =

Yefim Belevich (1918)

= People's Commissars of the BSSR and the Ministers of Justice =

{{ill|Adolf Getner|be|Адольф Хрыстафоравіч Гетнер|vertical-align=sup}} (1919–1925)
{{ill|Moses Segal|ru|Сегаль, Моисей Абрамович|vertical-align=sup}} (1925–1928)
{{ill|Alexander Staszewski|be|Аляксандр Восіпавіч Сташэўскі|vertical-align=sup}} (1928–1931)
{{ill|Maxim Levkov|be|Максім Архіпавіч Ляўкоў|vertical-align=sup}} (1931–1932)
Alexander Sudakov (1932–1933)
Pavel Kuzmin (1933–1936)
{{ill|Roman Kudelsky|be|Раман Савіч Кудзельскі|vertical-align=sup}} (1936–1937)
{{ill|Sergey Lodysev|be|Сяргей Цярэнцьевіч Лодысеў|vertical-align=sup}} (1938–1940)

= Ministers of Justice the BSSR =

{{ill|Ivan Fall|be|Іван Андрэевіч Падута|vertical-align=sup}} (1940–1941; 1942–1953)
{{ill|Ivan Winds|be|Іван Дзмітрыевіч Вятроў|vertical-align=sup}} (1953–1960)
Gregory Basov (1960–1970)
Alexander Zdanowicz (1970–1984)
{{ill|Yevgeny Abramovich Chkanikav|be|Яўген Аркадзьевіч Чканікаў|vertical-align=sup}} (1984–1986)
Vladimir Loaf (1986–1988)
{{ill|Valentin Sukalo|ru|Сукало, Валентин Олегович|vertical-align=sup}} (1988–1989)
Valery Tikhinya (1989–1991)

= Ministers of Justice of the Republic of Belarus =

Leonid Dashuk{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433070825298;view=1up;seq=418|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. Mar.-Oct. 1992.|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}}{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112083082682;view=1up;seq=19|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1993:Aug.-Dec..|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}} (1992–1994)
{{ill|Valentin Sukalo|ru|Сукало, Валентин Олегович|vertical-align=sup}}{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=osu.32435083448365;view=1up;seq=20;size=150|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1995Sep-Dec 1995.|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}} (1994–1997)
{{ill|Gennady Vorontsov|be|Генадзь Мікалаевіч Варанцоў|vertical-align=sup}}{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112040222272;view=1up;seq=21|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1997:Sept.-Dec..|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}}{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015073049176;view=1up;seq=19|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. Jan-Apr 1998.|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}} (1997–2002)
Viktor Golovanov{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433031953627;view=1up;seq=453|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. Sept. -Dec. 2002.|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}}{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015089082419;view=1up;seq=15|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. January 2003.|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-06-18}} (2002–2011)
Alexander Bileychik (2011)
Oleg Slizhevski{{Cite web|url=http://www.electby.org/category/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E/|title=Навіны Палаты прадстаўнікоў — Electby|website=www.electby.org|language=ru-RU|access-date=2018-06-18}} (2011–2021)
Sergei Khomenko (2021–2024)
Evgeniy Kovalenko (since 2024)

References

Category:Law enforcement agencies of Belarus

Justice

Belarus