Mir-278 microRNA precursor family

{{Infobox rfam

| Name = mir-278

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| Symbol = mir-278

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| Rfam = RF00729

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| miRBase_family = 3

| RNA_type = microRNA

| Tax_domain = Eukaryota;

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In molecular biology mir-278 microRNA is a short RNA molecule belonging to a class of molecules referred to as microRNAs. These function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms, primarily binding to their target at its 3'UTR.

Mis- and altered expression in ''Drosophila''

miR-278 affects energy metabolism in the Drosophila melanogaster species. Elevated insulin production has been observed in miR-278 mutants, due to insulin resistance in the absence of this microRNA. miR-278 is now known to act through regulation of the expanded gene transcript, and most likely through further miR-278 targets as well.{{cite journal|vauthors=Teleman AA, Maitra S, Cohen SM | title=Drosophila lacking microRNA miR-278 are defective in energy homeostasis. | journal=Genes Dev | year= 2006 | volume= 20 | issue= 4 | pages= 417–22 | pmid=16481470 | doi=10.1101/gad.374406 | pmc=1369043 }}

Misexpression in the developing eye has been found to result in overgrowth, partially through apoptotic inhibition.{{cite journal|vauthors=Nairz K, Rottig C, Rintelen F, Zdobnov E, Moser M, Hafen E | title=Overgrowth caused by misexpression of a microRNA with dispensable wild-type function. | journal=Dev Biol | year= 2006 | volume= 291 | issue= 2 | pages= 314–24 | pmid=16443211 | doi=10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.11.047 | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16443211 | doi-access= }} There is a single base substitution which blocks the gain-of-function phenotype, indicating the acquisition of novel functions by misexpressed miRNAs which bring about unscheduled cell proliferation in vivo. This is reflective of a microRNA potential in the promotion of tumour formation.

See also

References

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Further reading

  • {{Cite journal

| last1 = Yu | first1 = J. -Y.

| last2 = Reynolds | first2 = S. H.

| last3 = Hatfield | first3 = S. D.

| last4 = Shcherbata | first4 = H. R.

| last5 = Fischer | first5 = K. A.

| last6 = Ward | first6 = E. J.

| last7 = Long | first7 = D.

| last8 = Ding | first8 = Y.

| last9 = Ruohola-Baker | first9 = H.

| doi = 10.1242/dev.025999

| title = Dicer-1-dependent Dacapo suppression acts downstream of Insulin receptor in regulating cell division of Drosophila germline stem cells

| journal = Development

| volume = 136

| issue = 9

| pages = 1497–1507

| year = 2009

| pmid = 19336466

| pmc =2674257

}}