Moderation and Development Party

{{short description|Pragmatic-centrist political party in Iran}}

{{Infobox Political Party

| native_name = حزب اعتدال و توسعه

| native_name_lang = fa

| position = Centre{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-17141030|title=Guide: Iranian parliamentary elections|work=BBC World|access-date=March 10, 2015}}

| colorcode = #984B9E

| name = Moderation and Development Party

| logo = Logo of MDP.png

| logo_size = 200px

| leader = Hassan Rouhani{{citation|url=http://al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/07/rise-iranian-moderates.html|title=The Rise of the Iranian Moderates|date=5 July 2013|access-date=7 December 2016|work=Al-Monitor|author=Seyed Hossein Mousavian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117092837/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/07/rise-iranian-moderates.html|archive-date=17 November 2019|url-status=dead}}

| spokesperson = Ramezan-Ali Sobhanifar{{cite news|title="جنتی" معاون کانون‌ها و "سبحانی‌فر" سخنگوی اعتدال و توسعه شدند|url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1396/04/06/1447334/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF|access-date=12 September 2017|agency=Tasnim News Agency|date=27 June 2017|language=fa}}

| secretary_general = Mohammad Bagher Nobakht{{cite web|first=Mohamamd Hassan|last=Khani|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Iran_Spectrum/Political-Parties-in-the-Islamic-Republic-of-Iran-A-Short-Review.htm|title=Political Parties in the Islamic Republic of Iran|publisher=Iran Review|access-date=1 April 2016|date=17 July 2012}}

| foundation = {{start date and age|1999|11}}

| leader1_title = Executive Secretary

| leader1_name = Morteza Bank{{citation|url=https://www.criticalthreats.org/briefs/iran-news-round-up/iran-news-round-up-december-8-2015-1|title=Iran News Round Up|date=8 December 2015|access-date=7 April 2017|work=Critical Threats Project}}

| leader2_title = Politburo Head

| leader2_name = Mahmoud Vaezi

| leader3_title = Election Head

| leader3_name = Ali Jannati{{citation|url=https://iranwire.com/en/features/4543|title=Iran's Presidential Election: Who are the Candidates?|work=Iran Wire|date=13 April 2017|access-date=21 April 2017}}

| dissolution =

| headquarters = Tehran, Iran

| ideology = Moderation
Pragmatism
Islamic democracy
Technocracy
Free markets
Faction:
Institutional economics
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2014/04/rouhani-moderates-internal-rivalryy-iran-administration.html

| affiliation1_title = Alliance

| affiliation1 = {{plainlist|

}}

| website = {{url|https://www.hezbet.ir}}

| country = Iran

}}

Moderation and Development Party ({{langx|fa|حزب اعتدال و توسعه|Hezb-e E'tedāl va Towse'eh}}) is a political party in Iran. It is a pragmatic-centrist political party which held its first congress in 2002.{{cite web|url=http://www.rferl.org/a/1342675.html|title=Iran Report|date=16 February 2004|volume=7|number=7|work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|access-date=10 March 2017}}

Platform

The party is part of the faction called "modernist right", "moderate reformists" and "technocrats" that draws from upper-level bureaucrats, industrialists and managers.{{cite book|author1=Rabasa, Angel |author2=Waxman, Matthew |author3=Larson, Eric V. |author4=Marcum, Cheryl Y.|title=The Muslim World After 9/11|date=2004|publisher=Rand Corporation|page=221|isbn=9780833037558}} It deals with a platform on modernization and economic growth rather than social justice, along with the Executives of Construction Party and the Islamic Labour Party.{{cite book|author1=Mohseni, Payam|editor1=Brumberg, Daniel |editor2=Farhi, Farideh |title=Power and Change in Iran: Politics of Contention and Conciliation|chapter=Factionalism, Privatization, and the Political economy of regime transformation|date=2016|publisher=Indiana University Press|series=Indiana Series in Middle East Studies|page=44}}

The party has been allied with Popular Coalition of Reforms{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-17141030|title=Guide: Iranian parliamentary elections|work=BBC World|access-date=March 10, 2015}} and Pervasive Coalition of Reformists{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-election-parliament-factbox-idUSKCN0VR0QI|title= Factbox: Parties and politics in Iran's parliamentary election|date=18 February 2016|website=Reuters|access-date=27 February 2017|author=Parisa Hafezi|editor=Dominic Evans}} in parliamentary elections and has had good relations with both Mohammad Khatami’s reform program and Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. In April 2017, the party joined the supreme policymaking council of reformists.{{citation|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/news/412498/Moderation-party-joins-reformist-policy-making-council|title=Moderation party joins reformist policy-making council|work=Tehran Times|date=10 April 2017|access-date=14 April 2017}}

Some sources branded them as part of the conservative camp in the 2000s{{cite journal|title=Elections and Governmental Structure in Iran: Reform Lurks Under the Flaws|url=https://www.brown.edu/initiatives/journal-world-affairs/sites/brown.edu.initiatives.journal-world-affairs/files/private/articles/11.1_Beeman.pdf|first=William O.|last=Beeman|journal=Brown Journal of World Affairs|volume=XI|issue=1|date=Summer 2004|pages=55–67}}{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3441601.stm|title=How Iran votes|date=3 February 2004|work=BBC World|access-date=27 March 2017}}{{citation|title=The Eighth Majles Elections in the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Division in Conservative Ranks and the Politics of Moderation|author=Kaveh-Cyrus Sanandaji|journal=Iranian Studies|volume=42|number=4|publisher=Routledge|year=2009|pages=621–648|doi=10.1080/00210860903106345|s2cid=153397356}} or reformists under the leadership of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani.{{cite journal|title=Transformation of the Iranian political system: Towards a new model?|url=http://www.sssup.it/UploadDocs/4568_11__Iranian_Political_System_Towards_a_New_Model_Middle_East_Review_of_International_Affairs_10.pdf|first=Bulent |last=Aras|journal=Middle East Review of International Affairs|volume=5|number=3|date=September 2001}} In 2003, the party's spokesperson wrote in Hamshahri, a major Iranian newspaper, that the party regards itself among "true reformists", who are idealists, considering "social realities" interpreted with the "principle of moderation".{{citation|url=http://www.hamshahrionline.ir/hamnews/1381/811224/world/_intep.htm|title=In the Gap between the Two Wings|language=fa|number=3005|page=Politics|date=15 March 2003|access-date=1 June 2017|work=Hamshahri}}

According to Ali Afshari, the party prioritizes economic expansion and follows free market policies, however a minority faction represented by members, such as Bagher Nobakht, advocate institutionalized economy and maintain that the government should interfere to regulate markets to a limited extent. They support limited political and cultural transformations, and believe political activism should only be within the frameworks of the constitution. The party also embraces Velayat Faqih.{{citation|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/04/rouhani-moderates-internal-rivalryy-iran-administration.html|title=Internal rivalries hinder Rouhani's reform efforts|date=8 April 2014|access-date=11 December 2016|work=Al-Monitor|author=Ali Afshari}}

Presidential candidates

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"

! Year

! Candidate

2001Mohammad Khatami
2005Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani{{citation|url=http://en.mehrnews.com/news/29889/Moderation-and-Development-Party-backs-Rowhani-for-president|title=Moderation and Development Party backs Rowhani for president|date=14 September 2008|access-date=24 November 2016|work=Mehr News Agency}}
2009Mir-Hossein Mousavi{{citation|url=http://en.mehrnews.com/news/34017/Party-leader-wants-debates-among-candidates-representatives|title=Party leader wants debates among candidates' representatives|date=30 May 2009|access-date=24 November 2016|work=Mehr News Agency}}
2013Hassan Rouhani
2017Hassan Rouhani{{citation|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/news/410018/Moderation-and-Development-Party-to-back-Rouhani|title=Moderation and Development Party to back Rouhani|work=Tehran Times|date=14 January 2017|access-date=14 January 2017}}
2024

|Masoud Pezeshkian{{Cite web |last=Behnegarsoft.com |date=2024-06-10 |title=حزب اعتدال و توسعه - بیانیه انتخاباتی حزب اعتدال و توسعه در حمایت از دکتر مسعود پزشکیان ، نامزد انتخابات ریاست جمهوری 1403 |url=https://www.hezbet.ir/fa/doc/news/227/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%BE%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C-1403 |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=حزب اعتدال و توسعه |language=fa}}

Members

= Current officeholders =

See also

References