Modulus (gastropod)

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Modulus turbinoides (MNHN-IM-2000-31693).jpeg

| image_caption = Shell of Modulus turbinoides (holotype at MNHN, Paris)

| taxon = Modulus

| authority = Gray, 1840Gray J. E. (1840). Syn. Cont. Brit. Mus., ed. 42, 147 [n.n.]; 1842, Syn. Brit. Mus., ed. 44, 60.

| type_species = Trochus modulus

| type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758

| synonyms_ref = {{cite WoRMS |title=Modulus |id=196286 |access-date=9 August 2021}}

| synonyms = *Aplodon Rafinesque, 1819

| display_parents = 3

}}

Modulus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Modulidae.{{cite journal

|author1=Bouchet, P. |author2=Rocroi, J.-P.

|name-list-style=amp | year = 2005

| title = Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families

| journal = Malacologia

| volume =47

| issue = 1–2

| pages =

| issn =

| doi =

}}

Species

Species within the genus Modulus include:

Modulus ambiguus Dautzenberg, 1910
Modulus bayeri Petuch, 2001
Modulus bermontianus Petuch, 1994
Modulus cerodes A. Adams, 1851
Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846)
Modulus guernei Dautzenberg, 1900
Modulus hennequini Petuch, 2013
Modulus honkerorum Petuch, 2013
Modulus kaicherae Petuch, 1987
Modulus lindae Petuch, 1987
Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758) - the type species, known as the "button snail"
Modulus nodosus Macsotay & Campos, 2001
Modulus pacei Petuch, 1987
Modulus turbinoides (Locard, 1897)

;Taxa inquirenda:

;Species brought into synonymy:

Modulus calusa Petuch, 1988: synonym of Trochomodulus calusa (Petuch, 1988) (original combination)
Modulus canaliculatus Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus candidus Petit de la Saussaye, 1853: synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
Modulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Trochomodulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822)
Modulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849): synonym of Trochomodulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849)
Modulus cidaris Reeve, 1848: synonym of Modulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
Modulus convexior Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus dorsuosus Gould, 1853: synonym of Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846)
Modulus floridanus Conrad, 1869: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus krebsii Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus lenticularis (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus perlatus (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus pisum Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Modulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
Modulus trochiformis Souleyet, 1852: synonym of Trochomodulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849)

Landau B., Vermeij G. K. & Reich S. (2014). Classification of the Modulidae (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea), with new genera and new fossil species from the Neogene of tropical America and Indonesia. Basteria. 78(1-3): 1-29

[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/55295773 Gray, J. E. (1842). Molluscs. Pp. 48-92, in: Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum, edition 44. British Museum. London. iv + 308 p]
[https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6172335 Rafinesque C.S. (1819). Prodrome. De 70 nouveaux genres d'animaux découverts dans l'intérieur des Etats-Unis d'Amérique, durant l'année 1818. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire Naturelle et des Arts. 88: 417-429.]