Mohammad Akram Khan

{{short description|Bengali journalist, Islamic scholar and politician}}

{{infobox officeholder

| honorific_prefix = Mawlana

| name = Mohammad Akram Khan

| native_name = মোহাম্মদ আকরম খাঁ

| native_name_lang = bn

| image = MohammadAkramKhan.jpg

| caption = Khan (before 1947)

| office = President of Bangla Academy

| term_start = 1961

| term_end = 1961

| successor = Mohammad Barkatullah

| birth_date = {{circa|1868}}

| birth_place = 24 Parganas, Bengal, British India

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1968|8|18|1868}}

| death_place = Dacca, East Pakistan, Pakistan

| alma_mater = Calcutta Madrasah (now known as Aliah University)

}}

Mohammad Akram Khan ({{langx|bn|মোহাম্মদ আকরম খাঁ}}; 1868 – 18 August 1968) was a Bengali journalist, politician and Islamic scholar. He was the founder of Dhaka's first Bengali newspaper, The Azad.{{cite web |last1=Razzaq |first1=Rana |title=Khan, Mohammad Akram |url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Khan,_Mohammad_Akram |website=Banglapedia |publisher=Bangladesh Asiatic Society |access-date=16 July 2016}}{{Cite news |date=1970-01-01|script-title=bn:এক আলোকবর্তিকা মওলানা আকরম খাঁ|url=https://www.dailynayadiganta.com/diganta-shahitto/417245/এক-আলোকবর্তিকা-মওলানা-আকরম-খাঁ|access-date=2021-04-30|work=Daily Naya Diganta|language=bn}}{{Cite news |date=2020-08-18|script-title=bn:আড়ালের সূর্য মওলানা আকরম খাঁ|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/bangla/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0/%E0%A6%86%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81-168141|access-date=2021-04-30|work=The Daily Star |language=bn}} He was among the founders of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind.

Early life and education

Khan was born in 1868, to a Bengali Muslim family in Hakimpur, 24 Parganas district of Bengal Presidency, British India (in present-day West Bengal). His father, Alhaj Mawlana Ghazi Abdul Bari Khan, was a disciple of Sayyid Ahmad Shahid and participated in the Battle of Balakot. His mother's name was Rabeya Khatun.{{cite book|language=ar|title=كتاب البدور المضية في تراجم الحنفية|author=al-Kumillai, Muhammad Hifzur Rahman|publisher=Dar al-Salih|location=Cairo, Egypt|year=2018|chapter=الشيخ الفاضل عبد الباري خان بن تراب خان الغازي البنغالي، رحمه الله تعالى|trans-chapter=The honourable Shaykh Abd al-Bari bin Turab Khan al-Ghazi al-Bangali, may Allah have mercy on him}} He did not have a British education but studied at Calcutta Madrasah (now Aliah University). He entered the journalism profession at a very young age before becoming involved in politics.

Career

= Journalism =

Early in his career, he worked at newspapers Ahl-i-Hadith and Mohammadi Akhbar. Between 1908 and 1921, he worked as the editor of the Mohammadi and the Al-Islam. He published the Zamana and the Sebak between 1920 and 1922. Sebak was banned and Akram Khan was arrested on the basis that his anti-government editorials supported the Non-cooperation Movement and the Swadeshi movement.

From October 1936, Akram Khan began publishing the newspaper The Azad, which generated support for the Muslim League in Bengal.{{cite news |last1=Yusuf |first1=Ananta |title=Story of the Bangla press |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/the-star/cover-story/story-the-bangla-press-3161 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=20 February 2015 |access-date=1 September 2016}}

= Political career =

Akram Khan's participated during the formation of All India Muslim League in 1906. As a member of the Anjuman-i-Ulama-i-Bangala, he was involved in the Khilafat and Non-cooperation Movement from 1918 to 1924. He was elected secretary of the All India Khilafat Committee at the conference held at Ahsan Manzil in Dhaka in 1920, which was attended by other eminent Khilafat Movement leaders like Abul Kalam Azad, Maniruzzaman Islamabadi and Mujibur Rahman. Akram was responsible for collecting funds for the Ottoman caliphate. During 1920–1923, he organised public meetings in different parts of Bengal to propagate the cause of the Khilafat and the Non-cooperation Movement. As a believer in Hindu-Muslim amity, Akram Khan supported Chitta Ranjan Das's Swaraj Party in Kolkata in 1922, and also the Bengal pact in 1923. But due to the communal riots of 1926–1927 and other contemporary political developments, Akram Khan lost his faith in Indian nationalist politics and left both the Swaraj Party and Congress. He co-founded the Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind, and became a member of its first executive council.{{cite book |last1=Wasif Dehlavi |first1=Hafizur Rahman |author1-link=Hafizur Rahman Wasif Dehlavi |title=Jamī'at-i Ulamā par ek tārīk̲h̲ī tabṣirah |pages=45, 118|language=ur|oclc=16907808}}

From 1929 to 1935, Khan was deeply involved in the Krishak Praja Party. However, he left peasant politics in 1936 and became an activist for the Muslim League. He was a member of the central working committee of the League until 1947. After the partition of India in 1947, he opted for East Bengal and settled in Dhaka. He was the President of Muslim League (East Pakistan) until he retired from politics in 1960.

Akram Khan was also involved in the Bengali Language Movement of 1952.{{cite news |title=Maulana Akram Khan: Pioneer of Bengali Muslim journalism |url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/105189/maulana-akram-khan-pioneer-of-bengali-muslim-journalism.html |newspaper=The New Nation |date=26 August 2016 |access-date=29 August 2016 |archive-date=3 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103155808/http://thedailynewnation.com/news/105189/maulana-akram-khan-pioneer-of-bengali-muslim-journalism.html |url-status=dead }} He was also a founding member of Pakistan's Council of Islamic Ideology, a constitutional body formed in 1962.{{cite news |title=Advisory body of Islamic ideology set up |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/738493/advisory-body-of-islamic-ideology-set-up |newspaper=Dawn |date=31 July 2012 |orig-year=Originally published 1962 |access-date=7 February 2017}}

Death

Khan died on 18 August 1968. He was buried at the Ahl-i-Hadith Bangshal mosque at Old Dhaka.

Literary works

Samasya O Samadhan
Mostafa Charit
Amparar Tafseer
Tafser-a-Quran
Muslim Banglar Samajik Itihas

Awards

Independence Day Award (1981)

References

External links

Akram Khan: Journalist and litterateur; [https://web.archive.org/web/20120426011555/http://www.thenewnationbd.com/newsdetails.aspx?newsid=14964 The New Nation]

Category:1868 births

Category:1968 deaths

Category:Pakistani men centenarians

Category:People from Dhaka

Category:Bengali politicians

Category:Pakistan Movement activists from Bengal

Category:Pakistan Muslim League politicians

Category:Bengali Muslim scholars of Islam

Category:Bengali language movement

Category:Recipients of the Independence Award

Category:Krishak Sramik Party politicians

Category:Honorary Fellows of Bangla Academy