Montgomery County Circuit Courthouses

{{short description|Historic district in Maryland, United States}}

{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}

{{Infobox NRHP

| name = Montgomery County Courthouse Historic District

| nrhp_type = hd

| nocat = yes

| image = Montgomery County Courthouse, Maryland (January 2006).jpg

| caption = Grey Courthouse in the foreground, Red Brick Courthouse in the middle ground, and the Judicial Center in the background

| location = Courthouse Sq. and S. Washington St., Rockville, Maryland

| coordinates = {{coord|39|4|59|N|77|9|9|W|display=inline,title}}

| locmapin = Maryland#USA

| architect = Davis, Frank; Et al.

| architecture = Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian

| added = September 2, 1986

| area = {{convert|7|acre}}

| refnum = 86003352{{NRISref|version=2010a}}

}}

The Montgomery County Courthouse Historic District, designated in 1986, includes several buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Rockville, Maryland.{{cite web |author1=Ellen McGuckian |author2=Dwayne Jones |author3=John McNickle |author4=William Neudorfer |author5=Glen Lerner |author6=Richard Griner |date=March 1985 |title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: Montgomery County Courthouse Historic District |url=https://mht.maryland.gov/secure/medusa/PDF/NR_PDFs/NR-973.pdf |accessdate=2016-01-01 |publisher=Maryland Historical Trust |archive-date=February 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202121353/https://mht.maryland.gov/secure/medusa/PDF/NR_PDFs/NR-973.pdf |url-status=live }} The two-block district is focused on what remains of Rockville's old commercial, governmental, and residential center, most of which was demolished during urban renewal in the 1960s.

The district includes the Romanesque Revival-style Red Brick Courthouse, designed by prominent Baltimore architect Frank E. Davis and built in 1891. Located at 29 Courthouse Square, it houses the refurbished Grand Courtroom, which was once used by the Montgomery County Circuit Court. The district also includes the 1931 Neoclassical-style Grey Courthouse and its 1960s addition (no longer used by the courts); the 1939 Georgian-styled post office of limestone construction; and the 1930 Art Deco stone building built for the Farmers Banking and Trust Company.

The courthouses are part of a cluster of municipal and county buildings at the corner of Maryland Avenue and Jefferson Street (Maryland Route 28) in downtown Rockville. Other buildings in the cluster include Rockville City Hall, the District Court of Maryland for Montgomery County (opened in 2011), and the Montgomery County Judicial Center, a Brutalist building opened in 1982 at 50 Maryland Avenue, which houses Montgomery County's Circuit Court, the Offices of the Sheriff, the Register of Wills, the Orphans' Court, and the State's Attorney for Montgomery County.{{cite web|url=http://www.beankinney.com/maryland_state_trial_courts.php|title=Maryland State Trial Courts: Montgomery County|publisher=Bean, Kinney & Korman, PC|accessdate=2008-06-07 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080512022615/http://www.beankinney.com/maryland_state_trial_courts.php |archivedate = 2008-05-12}}