Morelos, Zacatecas

{{Infobox settlement

|official_name =

|name = Morelos

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|settlement_type = Municipality

|motto =

|image_skyline = Parroquia San Antonio de Padua, Morelos, Zacatecas.jpg

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|image_caption = Parish church of Saint Anthony of Padua in Morelos

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|pushpin_map = Mexico Zacatecas#Mexico

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|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Mexico

|subdivision_type = Country

|subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}}

|subdivision_type1 = State

|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Zacatecas}}

|seat_type = Seat

|seat = Morelos

|government_footnotes =

|government_type =

|leader_title = President

|leader_name = Margarita Robles de Santiago

|established_title = Established

|established_date = 8 February 1869

|area_footnotes ={{cite web |url=https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/areasgeograficas/ |title=México en Cifras |language=es |publisher=INEGI |access-date=11 June 2021}}

|area_total_km2 =180.9

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|population_as_of = 2020 Census

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|population_total = 13207

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|population_density_km2 = auto

|population_blank1_title = Seat

|population_blank1 = 7515

|timezone = Central

|utc_offset = -6

|coordinates = {{coord|22|51|46|N|102|36|30|W|region:MX_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}

|coordinates_footnotes = {{cite web |url=http://www.snim.rami.gob.mx/ |language=es |title=Sistema Nacional de Información Municipal |publisher=SEGOB |date=2010 |access-date=12 June 2021}}

|elevation_point = of seat

|elevation_m = 2321

|elevation_footnotes =

|elevation_max_footnotes= {{cite web |url=http://cit.zacatecas.gob.mx/documentos/PROT%20ECONOMIA/32PROT-CENTRO-COLMEX-06-09-2016.pdf |title=Programa Regional de Ordenamiento Territorial de Zacatecas (Centro) que abarca los municipios de Calera, Fresnillo, Genaro Codina, General Enrique Estrada, Guadalupe, Morelos, Pánuco, Trancoso, Vetagrande y Zacatecas del Estado de Zacatecas |language=es |page=83 |publisher=Government of Zacatecas |year=2014 |access-date=13 June 2021}}

|elevation_max_m = 2603

|elevation_max_point = Cerro San Gil

|postal_code_type = Postal codes

|postal_code = 98100–98113{{cite web |url=https://www.correosdemexico.gob.mx/SSLServicios/ConsultaCP/Descarga.aspx |title=Consulta de Códigos Postales |work=Catálogo Nacional de Códigos Postales |publisher=Mexican Postal Service |date=11 June 2021 |access-date=12 June 2021}}

|area_code_type = Area code

|area_code = 492

|website = [http://www.moreloszacatecas.org/ Official website]

}}

Morelos is a semi-urban municipality in the Zacatecas metropolitan area in the Mexican state of Zacatecas.{{cite web |url=https://www.gob.mx/conapo/documentos/delimitacion-de-las-zonas-metropolitanas-de-mexico-2015 |title=Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de México 2015 |trans-title=Delimitation of Mexico's Metropolitan Areas 2015 |language=es |pages=256–257 |publisher=CONAPO |access-date=12 June 2021}}

Geography

The municipality of Morelos is located at an elevation between {{convert|2100|and(-)|2600|m}} in central Zacatecas. It borders the municipalities of Calera to the northwest, Pánuco to the northeast, Vetagrande to the east, and the city of Zacatecas to the south.{{cite web |url=http://www3.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/app/mexicocifras/datos_geograficos/32/32032.pdf |title=Morelos, Zacatecas |work=Prontuario de información geográfica municipal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos |language=es |publisher=INEGI |year=2009 |access-date=12 June 2021}} The municipality covers an area of {{convert|180.9|km2}} and comprises 0.2% of the state's area.

As of 2009, 71% of the land in Morelos is used for agriculture. The remainder is covered by matorral (13.7%), grassland (12.6%) and urban areas (2.4%). The municipality lies in the endorheic basin of El Salado. The highest point of the municipality is Cerro San Gil in the Sierra de Zacatecas southeast of the town of Hacienda Nueva, with an elevation of {{convert|2603|m}} above sea level.{{cite web |url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM32zacatecas/municipios/32032a.html |title=Morelos |language=es |website=Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México |publisher=INAFED |access-date=12 June 2021}}

Morelos has a temperate semi-arid climate with dry winters. Average temperatures in the municipality range between {{convert|14|and(-)|18|C}}, and average annual precipitation ranges between {{convert|400|and(-)|500|mm}}.

History

In pre-Hispanic times, the Morelos area was inhabited by the Cagihua tribe of the Zacateco people. Francisco de Ibarra passed through the area on 1 September 1554, giving it the name of Arroyo de los Chupaderos. Between 1610 and 1620, Antonio de Figueroa built and operated the first ranch in the area.

After independence, Chupaderos was administered by the municipality of Vetagrande. It was declared a separate municipality on 8 February 1869 and its first municipal assembly convened in 1871. On 5 May 1894, the municipality changed its name from Chupaderos to Morelos in honour of José María Morelos.{{cite web |year=2019 |url=http://moreloszacatecas.org/documentos/Gaceta_Aniversario_Morelos.pdf |title=Morelos: Aniversario |language=es |publisher=Municipality of Morelos |access-date=12 June 2021}} The municipal seat inaugurated its first power plant in 1955 and its first potable water supply in 1966.

Administration

The municipal government of Morelos comprises a president, a councillor (Spanish: síndico), and ten trustees (regidores), six elected by relative majority and four by proportional representation. The current president of the municipality is Margarita Robles de Santiago.{{cite web |last=Alvarado |first=Silvia |date=8 June 2021 |url=http://portico.mx/2021/06/08/quienes-ganaron-en-los-municipios-de-zacatecas |title=Va por Zacatecas gana más municipios |language=es |website=Pórtico |access-date=12 June 2021}}

Demographics

In the 2020 Census, the municipality of Morelos recorded a population of 13,207 inhabitants living in 3614 households.{{cite book |url=https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/productos/prod_serv/contenidos/espanol/bvinegi/productos/nueva_estruc/702825198053.pdf |title=Panorama sociodemográfico de Zacatecas. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 |pages=78–79 |language=es |publisher=INEGI |date=2016 |accessdate=12 June 2021}} The 2010 Census recorded a population of 11,493 inhabitants in Morelos.

INEGI lists 28 inhabited localities in the municipality, of which two are classified as urban:{{cite web |url=http://www.microrregiones.gob.mx/catloc/LocdeMun.aspx?tipo=clave&campo=loc&ent=32&mun=032 |title=Resumen municipal: Municipio de Morelos |language=es |website=Catálogo de Localidades |publisher=SEDESOL |access-date=12 June 2021}}

the municipal seat, also called Morelos, which recorded a population of 7538 inhabitants in the 2020 Census; and
Hacienda Nueva, located {{convert|2|km}} south of the municipal seat, which recorded a population of 4029 inhabitants in the 2020 Census.

Economy and infrastructure

File:Zac airport o1.jpg

Economic activities in Morelos include agriculture and small businesses. Crops grown include corn, bean, barley, oats and chiles. CRUCEN (Centro Regional Universitario Centro Norte), a regional centre of the agriculturally focused Chapingo Autonomous University, is located in Morelos.{{cite web |url=http://scru.chapingo.mx/somos-crucen/ |title=¿Qué es el CRUCEN? |language=es |publisher=Chapingo Autonomous University |access-date=20 June 2021}}

Federal Highways 45, 45D (the Zacatecas bypass), and 54 all intersect in the municipality. Zacatecas International Airport is located in the northern part of the municipality.

Peñoles operated the Francisco I. Madero zinc mine in the southwestern part of the municipality from 2001 to 2020.{{cite web |last=Serrano |first=Miriam |date=17 May 2020 |url=http://ntrzacatecas.com/2020/05/17/cierra-en-morelos-la-mina-madero/ |title=Cierra en Morelos la mina Madero |language=es |website=NTR Zacatecas |access-date=12 June 2021}}