Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 5

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 5 also known as SMAD5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD5 gene.{{cite journal |vauthors=Riggins GJ, Thiagalingam S, Rozenblum E, Weinstein CL, Kern SE, Hamilton SR, Willson JK, Markowitz SD, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B | title = Mad-related genes in the human | journal = Nat. Genet. | volume = 13 | issue = 3 | pages = 347–9 |date=July 1996 | pmid = 8673135 | doi = 10.1038/ng0796-347 | s2cid = 10124489 }}

SMAD5, as its name describes, is a homolog of the Drosophila gene: "Mothers against decapentaplegic", based on a tradition of such unusual naming within the gene research community.[https://psmag.com/sonic-hedgehog-dicer-and-the-problem-with-naming-genes-113c58df8f7a#.os08udsyk "Sonic Hedgehog, DICER, and the Problem With Naming Genes"], Sep 26, 2014, Michael White. psmag.com It belongs to the SMAD family of proteins, which belong to the TGFβ superfamily of modulators. Like many other TGFβ family members SMAD5 is involved in cell signalling and modulates signals of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP's). The binding of ligands causes the oligomerization and phosphorylation of the SMAD5 protein. SMAD5 is a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) and is activated by bone morphogenetic protein type 1 receptor kinase. It may play a role in the pathway where TGFβ is an inhibitor of hematopoietic progenitor cells.