Motion of Reconciliation

{{further|Reconciliation in Australia}}

The Labor government under Bob Hawke had created the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation (CAR) in 1991, a body which was charged with creating a strategy for all levels of government for reconciliation between Australia's Indigenous peoples and the rest of the population.{{cite journal | last=Brennan | first=Sean | title=Reconciliation in Australia: The Relationship Between Indigenous Peoples and the Wider Community | journal= Brown Journal of World Affairs | volume=11 | issue=1 | year=2004 | issn=1080-0786 | jstor=24590504 | pages=149–161 | url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/24590504 | access-date=10 October 2021}}

Movement towards a motion of reconciliation gained impetus with the commissioning of the Bringing Them Home report by the Labor government of Paul Keating in 1995 and tabled in parliament in 1997,{{cite web |url=https://bth.humanrights.gov.au/significance/about-bringing-them-home |quote=The National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families was established by the Attorney General in 1995. Over two years, the National Inquiry took oral and written testimony from over five hundred Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people across Australia, as well as from Indigenous organisations, foster parents, State and Territory Government representatives, church representatives, other non-government agencies, former mission and government employees and individual members of the community. The 689 page final report, tabled in Parliament on 26 May 1997, includes many of these personal testimonies as well as 54 recommendations to support healing and reconciliation for the Stolen Generations, their families and the Australian public more broadly.|title=About Bringing Them Home |access-date=14 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914124734/https://bth.humanrights.gov.au/significance/about-bringing-them-home |archive-date=14 September 2023 |url-status=live |publisher=Australian Human Rights Commission}} which recommended that an official apology be offered by the Australian Government for past government welfare policies which the report said had separated children from parents on racial grounds and came at severe personal cost to those involved, a group it termed the "Stolen Generations".{{cite web | title=The history of apologies down under |first= Frank| last=Brennan| author-link=Frank Brennan (priest)| website=Thinking Faith | date=21 February 2008 | url=https://www.thinkingfaith.org/articles/20080221_1.htm | access-date=10 October 2021}}

Democrat Senator Aden Ridgeway, the only Aboriginal federal parliamentarian, said four weeks before the motion that the Coalition government under John Howard was moving towards supporting a motion on the theme of an apology to the Stolen Generations in Federal Parliament, and that there was no need for them to fear compensation claims.{{cite news | title=From the Archives, 1999: Howard sends his regrets| url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/from-the-archives-1999-howard-sends-his-regrets-20210820-p58kms.html | publisher=The Age | date=25 August 2021 |first1=Tony |last1=Wright |first2=Janine |last2=McDonald | access-date=14 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914125800/https://www.theage.com.au/national/from-the-archives-1999-howard-sends-his-regrets-20210820-p58kms.html |archive-date=14 September 2023 |url-status=live}}

In response to requests for a national apology, John Herron, then Minister for Aboriginal Affairs, had responded by saying: "the government does not support an official national apology. Such an apology could imply that present generations are in some way responsible and accountable for the actions of earlier generations; actions that were sanctioned by the laws of the time and that were believed to be in the best interests of the children concerned".

Howard's position was that there was nothing for which the current generation of Australians had nothing to say sorry for, and that an apology would acknowledge inter-generational guilt, with the wrongs of the past being judged by contemporary standards, so would not agree to including the word in the motion.

On the afternoon of Thursday, 26 August 1999, Prime Minister John Howard rose to deliver the Motion as follows:[https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;db=CHAMBER;id=chamber/hansardr/1999-08-26/0022;query=Id:%22chamber/hansardr/1999-08-26/0000%22 Parliamentary Hansard, 26 August 1999]; parlinfo.aph.gov.au{{cite web | last1=Wright | first1=Tony | last2=MacDonald | first2=Janine | title=From the Archives, 1999: Howard sends his regrets | website=The Age | date=25 August 2021 | url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/from-the-archives-1999-howard-sends-his-regrets-20210820-p58kms.html | access-date=10 October 2021| quote=First published in The Age on August 27, 1999.}}

{{Quotation| I move: That this House:

• (a) reaffirms its wholehearted commitment to the cause of reconciliation between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians as an important national priority for Australians;
• (b) recognising the achievements of the Australian nation commits to work together to strengthen the bonds that unite us, to respect and appreciate our differences and to build a fair and prosperous future in which we can all share;
• (c) reaffirms the central importance of practical measures leading to practical results that address the profound economic and social disadvantage which continues to be experienced by many indigenous Australians;
• (d) recognises the importance of understanding the shared history of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians and the need to acknowledge openly the wrongs and injustices of Australia's past;
• (e) acknowledges that the mistreatment of many indigenous Australians over a significant period represents the most blemished chapter in our international history;
• (f) expresses its deep and sincere regret that indigenous Australians suffered injustices under the practices of past generations, and for the hurt and trauma that many indigenous people continue to feel as a consequence of those practices; and
• (g) believes that we, having achieved so much as a nation, can now move forward together for the benefit of all Australians.

}}

; Response of the Opposition

After the motion was proposed by Senator Robert Hill,{{cite web | title=Motion of Reconciliation: Senator Hill | website=Parliament of Australia [Hansard] | date=26 August 1999 | url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;db=CHAMBER;id=chamber%2Fhansards%2F1999-08-26%2F0058;query=Id%3A%22chamber%2Fhansards%2F1999-08-26%2F0062%22 | access-date=10 October 2021}} Senator John Faulkner proposed an amendment on behalf of the Labor Party, stating that the Parliament: "unreservedly apologises to Indigenous Australians for the injustice they have suffered, and for the hurt and trauma that many Indigenous people continue to suffer as a consequence of that injustice; and calls for the establishment of appropriate processes to provide justice and restitution to members of the Stolen Generation through consultation, conciliation and negotiation rather than requiring Indigenous Australians to engage in adversarial litigation in which they are forced to relive the pain and trauma of their past suffering".{{cite web | title=Motion of Reconciliation: Senator Faulkner | website=Parliament of Australia [Hansard] | date=26 August 1999 | url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;db=CHAMBER;id=chamber%2Fhansards%2F1999-08-26%2F0059;query=Id%3A%22chamber%2Fhansards%2F1999-08-26%2F0010%22 | access-date=10 October 2021}} However, the amendment was not passed.

Although contemporaneously reported in international media as an "apology", the refusal to include the word "sorry" in the Parliamentary Motion of Reconciliation became a subject of considerable debate and controversy in Australia. The opposition Labor Party, Kim Beazley, said that Aboriginal children were still being removed during the lifetimes of many Australians still alive, and that Parliament needed to declare that it was sorry. Several Aboriginal leaders were highly dissatisfied with the wording of the statement.

Ridgeway later defended the motion in an interview, saying that Labor should have come on board with the discussions.{{cite interview| first=Aden| last=Ridgeway| interviewer-first=Alexandra|interviewer-last= Kirk| series=PM Archive | website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation| title= Ridgeway defends motion on Stolen Generations | date=26 August 1999 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/pm/stories/s47019.htm | access-date=10 October 2021}} He said that the vote on the motion by Parliament was an historic moment, which marked a new era in the relationship between the government and Aboriginal leaders; however, Aboriginal leaders in the community were not all supportive of the motion. Evelyn Scott, chair of the CAR, thought that the motion "in effect amounts to an apology", and was therefore very significant. Mick Dodson, co-author of the Bringing Them Home report, said that the motion did not honour the memories of "those who were the subject of those awful assimilation policies". His brother, Pat Dodson, former chair of CAR, and nine leaders of Aboriginal Land Councils in northern Australia, jointly condemned the motion.

The Government of Kevin Rudd gave a "National Apology" on 13 February 2008, without proposing a compensation or restitution process. The motion passed through Parliament with the bi-partisan support of the Liberal-National Party Opposition.{{cite news|first=Daniel|last=Hoare|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2008-02-07/opposition-joins-rush-to-say-sorry/1035432|title=Opposition joins rush to say sorry|work=ABC News|date=7 February 2008| access-date=10 October 2021}}{{cite web |url=https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/national-apology |title=National apology | access-date=10 October 2021 |last= |first= |date= |publisher=National Museum of Australia |location=Canberra |language= |quote= }}{{cite web | last=Daley | first=Paul | title=The Apology 10 years on | website=Museum of Australian Democracy | date=13 Feb 2018 | url=https://www.moadoph.gov.au/blog/the-apology-10-years-on | access-date=10 October 2021}}{{cite news|first=Ping|last=Lo|url=http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2008/02/12/2160871.htm|title=The words Rudd will use to say 'sorry'|website= Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=12 February 2008| access-date=10 October 2021}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite web | title=Motion of reconciliation. | website=Parliament of Australia | date=26 August 1999 | url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=(Id:media/pressrel/23e06);rec=0;}} (Full text)

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Category:Indigenous Australian politics

Category:Howard government