Mstsislaw
{{Short description|Town in Mogilev Region, Belarus}}
{{expand Belarusian|date=February 2024|topic=geo}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Mstsislaw
|native_name = {{native name|be|Мсціслаў}}
{{native name|ru|Мстиславль}}
|settlement_type = Town
|other_name = Mstislavl
|image_skyline = Mstislavl shopping arcade (XIX c).JPG
|imagesize =
|image_caption = The trading arcade, 19th century
|image_flag = Flag_of_Mstislau,_Belarus.jpg
|image_shield = Coat of Arms of Mscisłaŭ, Belarus.png
|flag_size = 150
|shield_size = 75
|image_map =
|map_caption = Location of Mstsislaw, shown within Mogilev Region
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Belarus
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Mogilev Region
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Mstsislaw District
|pushpin_map=Belarus
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|established_title = First mentioned
|established_date = 1156
|area_magnitude =
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|population_as_of = 2024
|population_note =
|population_total = 10,019
|population_metro =
|population_density_km2 =
|timezone = MSK
|utc_offset = +3
|timezone_DST =
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|coordinates = {{coord|54|1|N|31|43|E|region:BY|display=inline}}
|elevation_m =
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|blank_name = License plate
|blank_info = 6
|website =
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}}
Mstislaw or Mstislavl{{efn|{{langx|be|Мсціслаў|Mscislaŭ}}, {{IPA|be|msʲt͡sʲiˈsɫau̯|IPA|Be-Амсціслаў.oga}}; {{langx|ru|Мстиславль}}, {{IPA|ru|msʲtʲɪˈslavlʲ|IPA}};{{cite web|url=http://mogilev-region.gov.by/node/8498|title=Official website of the district|publisher=Mstsislaw District|language=ru|access-date=20 February 2015}}{{cite news|url=http://mogilev-region.gov.by/node/8498|title=Website of Mogilyov Region administration|year=2015|publisher=Mogilyov Oblast Administration|language=ru|access-date=20 February 2015}} {{langx|pl|Mścisław}}, {{langx|lt|Mstislavlis}}.}} is a town in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Mstsislaw District. In 2009, its population was 10,804.{{cite web|url=http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/1.2-7.pdf|script-title=ru:Численность населения областей и районов: Могилевская|publisher=Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь|language=ru|access-date=30 January 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918181854/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/1.2-7.pdf|archive-date=18 September 2010}} As of 2024, it has a population of 10,019.
History
Mstislavl was first mentioned in the Ipatiev Chronicle in 1156. It was initially a part of the Principality of Smolensk, but had become the capital of the Principality of Mstislavl by 1180. In the Middle Ages, it was the seat of the Mstislavsky princely family. Pyotr Mstislavets is believed to have been born in Mstislavl.
In 1377, the town joined the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the free will of its residents. The first Lithuanian duke of Mstislavl was Karigaila, brother of Jogaila. The town remained part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Mścisław Voivodship until the Partitions of Poland in 1772.
Buildings of historic interest in the town include the Carmelite church (1637, renovated 1746–50) and the Jesuit cathedral (1640, renovated 1730–38, turned into an Orthodox cathedral in 1842).
Jews had a historic presence in the town. In 1939, there were 2,067 Jews living in Mstislavl, representing almost 20% of the local population. The German army occupied the town in July 1941. In early October, they killed 30 elderly Jews. On October 15, 1941, together with the local police, they murdered between 850 and 1,300 Jews.{{cite web|url=http://www.yahadmap.org/#village/mstislavl-mogilev-belarus.429|title=YAHAD - IN UNUM|website=www.yahadmap.org|access-date=21 October 2018}}
The town is the birthplace of Jewish historian and writer Simon Dubnow, Jewish statesman and Communist politician Yakov Chubin, and expressionist artist Abraham A. Manievich, among others.
Gallery
File:Mstislaw Jesuit Collegium building front.JPG|Jesuit Collegium building, from the 17th century
File:Mstislaw Gimnasium building.JPG|Mstislaw Male Gymnasium, from the beginning of the 19th century
File:Мсціслаў. Краявіды. 2015 07.jpg|Alexander Nevsky Orthodox Cathedral, built in the 19th century on the foundation of an earlier Catholic Cathedral
File:Мсціслаў. Краявіды. 2015 18.jpg|Orthodox Church
File:Мсціслаў. Краявіды (04).jpg|Ruins of the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel
File:Касьцёл і брама (Амсьціслаў).jpg|Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Notes
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References
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External links
{{Commons category|Mscislaŭ|Mstsislaw}}
{{wiktionary|Мсціслаў}}
- [http://www.radzima.org/pub/miesta.php?lang=en&miesta_id1=mamsmsci Photos on Radzima.org]
- [http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=198 The murder of the Jews of Mstsislaw] during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.
- [https://horki.info/guide/mscislau/history.html More information about Mscislaw in Belarusian]
{{Mahilyow Voblast}}
{{Authority control}}