Muhammad Musa (general)

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific_prefix = General

| name = Muhammad Musa Khan

| office =

| order2 = 10th Governor of Balochistan

| honorific-prefix = General

| honorific-suffix = {{small|HPk HJ HQA MBE}}

| native_name =

| native_name_lang =

| image = Pakistani General Musa.jpg

| alt =

| smallimage =

| caption =

| predecessor2 = Gul Jogezai

| president2 = Ghulam Ishaq Khan
Zia-ul-Haq

| primeminister2 = Muhammad Junejo
Benazir Bhutto
Nawaz Sharif

| successor2 = Lieutenant General K. K. Afridi

| order1 = 4th Governor of West Pakistan

| predecessor1 = Amir Mohammad

| president1 = Ayub Khan

| party = Independent
Pakistan Muslim League {{small|(1985–1991)}}

| prior_term =

| successor1 = Yusuf Haroon

| birth_name = Muhammad Musa

| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1908|10|20}}

| birth_place = Quetta, Baluchistan, British India

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1991|03|12|1908|10|20}}

| death_place = Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan

| resting_place = Mashhad

| nationality = {{unbulletedlist|British Indian {{small|(1908–1947)}}|Pakistani {{small|(1947–1991)}}}}

| otherparty =

| spouse =

| partner =

| relations = Sardar Mehdi Hassan Musa, (Minister Irrigation & Power Balochistan 2002) grandson

| children = 5

| parents =

| residence =

| alma_mater = {{unbulletedlist|Indian Military Academy|Command and Staff College|Imperial Defence College}}

| occupation = Military officer
Politician

| profession =

| cabinet =

| committees =

| portfolio =

| website =

| allegiance = {{unbulletedlist|{{flag|British India}} {{small|(1926–1947)}}|{{flag|Pakistan}}}} {{small|(1947–1966)}}

| branch = {{unbulletedlist|{{army|British India}}|{{army|Pakistan}}}}

| serviceyears = 1926–1966

| rank = 20px General

| unit = {{flagicon image|Ensign of the Royal Indian Army Service Corps.svg}} 4th Hazara Pioneers
Frontier Force Regiment

| commands = {{unbulletedlist|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg}} 14th Infantry Division|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg}} 8th Infantry Division}}

| battles =

| pronunciation =

| image_size = 230px

| term_start2 = 17 December 1985

| term_end2 = 12 March 1991

| term_start1 = 18 September 1966

| term_end1 = 20 March 1969

| order = 4th Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army

| term_start = 27 October 1958

| term_end = 17 September 1966

| predecessor = Ayub Khan

| successor = Yahya Khan

| president = Ayub Khan

| order3 = President of the Pakistan Hockey Federation

| term_start3 = 1960

| term_end3 = 1966

| predecessor3 = Naseer Ahmad

| successor3 = Nur Khan

| height =

| mother =

| father = Yazdan Khan

| relatives =

| education =

| mawards = 50px {{small|Hilal-e-Pakistan}}
50px {{small|Hilal-e-Jurat}}
50px {{small|Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam}}
50px {{small|Order of British Empire}}

| military_data5 =

}}

General Muhammad Musa Khan {{post-nominals|country=GB, PK|list=HPk HJ HQA MBE}} ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|محمد موسی خان}}}}; {{nowrap|20 October 1908 – 12 March 1991}}) was a Pakistani senior military officer who served as the 4th Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Army from 1958 to 1966, under president Ayub Khan. Following his tenure as C-in-C of the Army, he later became a politician.

Gaining commission as a Second lieutenant in the British Indian Army, Khan served with distinction in the Burma and North African campaigns as part of the Allied effort in World War II. Following the Partition of India in 1947, he opted for the Dominion of Pakistan, subsequently transferring his military service to the newly created Pakistan Army. He led a brigade against India during the First Kashmir War in 1947–1948, and eventually ascended the ranks to become the C-in-C of the Army after the 1958 coup d'état. Khan gained notability and public fame throughout Pakistan when he was in command of the Pakistan Army during the Second Kashmir War with India in 1965.

Khan retired shortly after the 1965 war and embarked on a career in national politics, after which he was appointed to serve as the Governor of West Pakistan, a position he held from 1966 to 1969. In 1985, he was appointed as the Governor of Balochistan and remained in office until his death in 1991.

Early life

Musa was born on 20 October 1908 in Quetta, Baluchistan, British India to an ethnic Hazara family.{{cite web|last1=Staff writer|title=Dignitaries buried in the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (A.S.)|url=http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=10847|website=imamreza.net|publisher=Imam Reza (A.S.) Network|access-date=17 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810210118/http://imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=10847|archive-date=10 August 2016}}{{cite book|last1=Abbas|first1=Hassan|title=Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror|date=26 March 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317463283|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FHKsBwAAQBAJ&q=musa+khan+Ayub&pg=PA35|access-date=17 October 2016|language=en}} His family was sardar (lit. chief) of the Sang-e-Masha administration of Jaghori Hazara tribe and Musa was the eldest son of Yazdan Khan, who was the local Hazara tribal chief and himself a descendant of Sher Ali Khan, a Hazara elder from Jaghori, Ghazni.{{cite web|last1=Hazara The Best|title=Great General Mussa Khan|url=http://hazarathebest.weebly.com/great-general-mussa-khan.html|website=Hazara The Best|access-date=17 October 2016}}{{cite news|url=https://jang.com.pk/thenews/jan2013-weekly/nos-20-01-2013/spr.htm#2|title=The first priority is security|work=The News|access-date=12 June 2023|first=Rahimullah|last=Yusufzai|authorlink=Rahimullah Yusufzai}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YhEfDAAAQBAJ|title=War and Migration: Social Networks and Economic Strategies of the Hazaras of Afghanistan|first=Alessandro|last=Monsutti|authorlink=Alessandro Monsutti|publisher=Taylor & Francis|date=2005|isbn=9781135486761|page=90|quote=Sardar Yazdan Khan and his sons, General Musa Khan, Sardar Isa Khan and Sardar Isaq Khan, who long dominated political life among the Hazaras of Quetta, also originated in that tribal section.}}

File:General Musa, Circa 1935 in a British Uniform.jpg, {{circa}} 1935]]

Early military career

After his schooling, he was recruited to the British Indian Army as a Jawan in 1926 and eventually joined the 4th Hazara Pioneers after being promoted as the Naik{{snd}} a non-commissioned officer in the British Indian Army.{{cite news|title=The first priority is security|url=http://jang.com.pk/|access-date=27 August 2013|newspaper=The News|date=20 January 2013|author=Rahimullah Yusufzai}} He was selected to join the Indian Military Academy (IMA) at Dehra Dun as a cadet in October 1932. The first batch of IMA, known as "The Pioneers", also produced India's first Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, and Smith Dun, the future commander-in-chief of the Burmese Army. In 1935, he was commissioned from the IMA, Dehradun following a two years and six months long military training.{{cite web|last1=ISPR|title=General Muhammad Musa|url=https://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/AWPReview/TextContent.aspx?pId=146|website=pakistanarmy.gov.pk|publisher=Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR)|access-date=17 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107171601/https://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/AWPReview/TextContent.aspx?pId=146|archive-date=7 November 2017|url-status=dead}} He was said to be an excellent sportsman and played hockey.

In 1936, he was posted to the 6th Royal Battalion of the 13th Frontier Force Rifles as a Platoon Commander and saw actions in the violent Waziristan campaign in 1936 until 1938. He participated well in the World War II on the side of the United Kingdom and served well in the Burma Campaign and North African theatre as part of the Norfolk Regiment of the British Indian Army. In Middle East, he led the company and was listed in mentioned in despatches for "distinguished services in the Middle East during the period February to July 1941" and in the London Gazette 30 December 1941 as a Lieutenant and acting Major.

In 1942, his heroic action for valor won him the praise and was appointed as Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for "gallant and distinguished services in the Middle East." In 1945, he was promoted as substantive captain and substantive major in 1946 and was serving with the Machine Gun battalion, 13th Frontier Force Rifles by October 1942.October 1942 MS Army List

During his time at the Indian Military Academy, Musa was selected as part of the first batch of cadets. Called "The Pioneers", his class also produced Smith Dun and Sam Manekshaw, future army chiefs of Burma and India, respectively.

After the partition of British India that followed the establishment of Pakistan in 1947, he opted for Pakistan and joined the Pakistan Army as a staff officer. In 1947 in the acting rank of Brigadier, he commanded the 103rd Infantry Brigade based in Sialkot brigade in Kashmir and served as commander of military units in the first war with India. In 1948, he went on to command the 52nd Infantry Brigade positioned in Quetta.

After the war in 1948, Musa studied and graduated from the Command and Staff College in Quetta and proceeded to attend the Imperial Defence College in United Kingdom prior to his graduation.{{cite web|last1=Army Museum|title=GENERAL MUHAMMAD MUSA|url=http://www.pakarmymuseum.com/exhibits/general-muhammad-musa/|website=pakarmymuseum.com|publisher=Army Museum|access-date=19 October 2016|archive-date=20 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020104742/http://www.pakarmymuseum.com/exhibits/general-muhammad-musa/|url-status=dead}}

Later military career

In 1950s, Musa's commanding assignments included his role as the Commandant of the East Pakistan Rifles, and also having served as GOC of 14th Infantry Division in Dhaka, East Pakistan, in 1951. In 1952, his last field assignment included his role as General Officer Commanding (GOC) of 8th Infantry Division positioned in Quetta before stationed at the GHQ. Later, he soon became the Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army (then the commander-in-chief of the army's deputy) in the rank of major-general at the Army GHQ. His career progressed well in the army and he was ascended to Commander-in-Chief by President Ayub Khan in 1958 when the latter deposed President Iskander Mirza and appointed himself Field Marshal.

Musa's promotion to the four-star appointment came with controversy in the country as many saw that his appointment was based on "dependability rather than merit."{{cite book|last1=Cloughley|first1=Brian|title=A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections|date=5 January 2016|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.|isbn=9781631440397|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JE1kCwAAQBAJ&q=musa+khan+Ayub&pg=PT70|access-date=17 October 2016|language=en}}Brig A.R. Siddiqui. [http://www.dawn.com/2004/04/25/fea.htm#2 "Army's top slot: the seniority factor"] Dawn, 25 April 2004 His elevation also meant that he would supersede three of the most senior officers in the Pakistan Army: Gen Adam Khan, Gen Sher Ali Khan Pataudi, and Gen Latif Khan, all of whom were decorated Sandhurst graduates.{{cite news|last1=Manzoor|first1=Usman|title=Four of 13 army chiefs were senior-most when appointed|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/168018-four-of-13-army-chiefs-were-senior-most-when-appointed|access-date=23 February 2024|publisher=The News, Manzoor|date=27 November 2016}}

President Ayub delegated the military affairs to General Musa when heading the civic government.{{cite book|last1=Shah|first1=Aqil|title=The Army and Democracy|date=21 April 2014|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=9780674419773|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShihAwAAQBAJ&q=general+muhammad+musa&pg=PA152|access-date=17 October 2016|language=en}} In 1960, he was appointed to serve as the President of the Pakistan Hockey Federation which he remained in the post until being retired in 1966.{{cite web|last1=PHF|title=Pakistan Hockey Federation|url=http://www.pakistanhockeyfederation.com/history|website=Pakistan Hockey Federation|access-date=18 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019081108/http://www.pakistanhockeyfederation.com/history|archive-date=19 October 2016}} It was during his stint as president when the Hockey Team won its first Gold Medal against the Indian Hockey Team in the Summer Olympics in Rome in 1960.{{cite book|last1=Musa|first1=Mohammed|title=Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier|date=1985|publisher=ABC Publishing House|pages=240|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=orgfAAAAMAAJ&q=general+musa+hockey+federation|access-date=18 October 2016|language=en}}

Bajaur Campaign

File:General Musa Khan Inspecting Afghan Soldiers.jpg border]]

In September 1960, Afghan Regular Troops disguised as local tribesmen started border incursions into the NWFP (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) province of Pakistan with the goal of starting a local rebellion to capture the Pashtun Inhabited Territory, under General Musa's leadership, Pakistani troops and Local Pashtun tribesmen along with Pakistan Airforce support pushed back the Afghans in 1961 and captured many Afghan soldiers.

The 1965 War

File:General Musa addressing Pakistani troops.jpg

In 1964, he became aware of covert operation studied by the Foreign ministry led by Foreign Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, and presented views against the operation due to no linkage between the covert actions and the conventional backup.{{cite news|last1=Haider|first1=Retired Air Commodore Sajjad|title=Straight shooting on the 1965 war|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1204925|access-date=19 October 2016|publisher=Dawn, Haider|date=6 September 2015}}{{cite book|last1=Gates|first1=Scott|last2=Roy|first2=Kaushik|title=Unconventional Warfare in South Asia: Shadow Warriors and Counterinsurgency|date=17 February 2016|publisher=Routledge, Gates|isbn=9781317005407|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nMSXCwAAQBAJ&q=1965+war+musa+khan&pg=PT121|access-date=19 October 2016|language=en}} General Musa also had the support from President Ayub Khan on his views; however, the war began in 1965. General Musa did not order the Pakistan Army without the confirmation by President Ayub Khan despite Foreign Minister Bhutto's urging.{{cite book|last1=Hiro|first1=Dilip|title=The Longest August: The Unflinching Rivalry Between India and Pakistan|date=24 February 2015|publisher=Nation Books, Hiro|isbn=9781568585031|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PpPCBAAAQBAJ&q=general++musa+khan&pg=PA183|access-date=19 October 2016|language=en}} After the Indian Army moved to the Rann of Kutch, General Musa ordered Army GHQ to respond to the Indian Army by moving the 12th Division. After reviewing the aerial view of the area and getting directions from President Ayub to make way for Maj General Yahya Khan, General Musa controversially relieved GOC Major-General Akhtar Hussain Malik and handed over the command of the 12th Division to Major-General Yahya Khan, which resulted in critical time delays of troops movements and eventual failure of the operation.{{cite book|last1=Baig|first1=Muhammad Anwar; Ebad|title=Pakistan: Time for Change|date=20 December 2012|publisher=AuthorHouse, Baig|isbn=9781477250310|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_A5-RABah4C&q=general++musa+khan+yahya&pg=PA24|access-date=19 October 2016|language=en}}

About the failure due to command change, General Musa justified his actions that he had not had time to select a commander or staff despite the authority given to him. He led and commanded the Pakistan Army in the largest tank battle, which earned him public fame.{{cite book|last1=VSM|first1=Brig Amar Cheema|title=The Crimson Chinar: The Kashmir Conflict: A Politico Military Perspective|date=31 March 2015|publisher=Lancer Publishers|isbn=9788170623014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qc25BwAAQBAJ&q=general++musa+khan+chawinda&pg=PA245|access-date=19 October 2016|language=en}} His strategy based on classical trench method supported by armory, artillery and airpower was tactically powerful and successful as it stopped the advancing Indian Army but politically unsuccessful due to the country being party of the peace treaty brokered by the USSR in 1965.

General Musa's military service is unique due to the fact that he had received two extensions as a Commander-in-chief from the period of 1958 until 1966.{{cite book|last1=Wiarda|first1=Howard J.|title=Comparative Politics: The politics of Asia|year=2005|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780415330954|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WXkDtR3vCecC&q=general+musa+extension&pg=PA307|access-date=20 October 2016|language=en}} Upon his retirement, General Musa did not recommend Yahya Khan's nomination as Commander-in-chief and Yahya's name was not included in the list of nominations sent to President Ayub Khan; nonetheless, General Musa was succeeded by General Yahya Khan as Commander in Chief.

About the war with India in 1965, General Musa provided his views and testimonies in two books written on military history of Pakistan Army: first being the My Version: India-Pakistan War, 1965{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yQhuAAAAMAAJ|title=My Version: India-Pakistan War, 1965 by General (Retd.) Mohammad Musa|isbn=9699988762|author=Mohammad Musa|year=1983|publisher=Wajidalis}} and the second being the Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier,{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PSosAAAAIAAJ|title=Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier by General (Retd.) Mohammad Musa|isbn=9789694073552|last1=Musa|first1=Mohammad|year=1985|publisher=ABC Publishing House}} the latter was mainly his biography.

Retirement and Politics

At the time of his retirement in 1966, General Musa was a famed and popular military figure which led President Ayub Khan to appoint him as the Governor of West Pakistan.{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh|title=The Military Factor in Pakistan|year=2008|publisher=Lancer Publishers|isbn=9780981537894|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCm2DFZblOYC&q=popular+musa+west+pakistan+governor&pg=PA50|access-date=20 October 2016|language=en}} News of the appointment was met with enthusiasm by the West Pakistani people. In 1967, he became Governor of West Pakistan until submitting his resignation on 2 March 1969 when General Yahya Khan imposed martial law to takeover the presidency.{{cite book|last1=Jalal|first1=Ayesha|title=The Struggle for Pakistan: A Muslim Homeland and Global Politics|date=16 September 2014|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=9780674744998|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=87VnBAAAQBAJ&q=general+musa+west+pakistan+governor+popular&pg=PA136|access-date=20 October 2016|language=en}}

From 1969 to 1984, he settled in Karachi while receiving a military pension. In 1985, he became active in national politics on a Pakistan Muslim League platform led by Prime Minister M. K. Junejo. He was appointed as Governor of Balochistan by the President Zia-ul-Haq after the general elections held in 1985.name="Hazara The Best" After the general elections held in 1988, Governor Musa controversially dissolved the provincial assembly on the then-Chief Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali's advice.{{cite book|last1=Burki|first1=Shahid Javed|title=Historical Dictionary of Pakistan|date=19 March 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9781442241480|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rk-sBwAAQBAJ&q=general+musa+dissolved&pg=PR34|access-date=20 October 2016|language=en}}

However, the Balochistan High Court restored the provincial assembly amid public condemnation of the Governor's move. The step towards dissolving the assembly was believed to have been taken with the consent of the President and Prime Minister.

On 12 March 1991, General Musa died while in office and per accordance to his wishes, he was buried in Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran. In his honour, the provincial Balochistan government established a vocational school, the General Muhammad Musa Inter-College (GMMIC), in Quetta, Pakistan in 1987.{{cite web|last1=Hussaini|first1=Ali Aosat|title=About College|url=http://musacollege.com/aboutcollege.html|website=musacollege.com|publisher=Musa College|access-date=20 October 2016|archive-date=21 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021070126/http://musacollege.com/aboutcollege.html|url-status=dead}}

Post-1965 war

About the war with India in 1965, General Musa provided his views and testimonies in two books written on military history of Pakistan Army: the first being My Version and the second being Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier which was also his autobiography. General Mohammad Musa, who commanded the Army in the '65 war, gave his account of how the events unfolded at GHQ, the C-in-C and the Supreme Commander Field Marshal Ayub Khan surprising India on 6 September 1965 in My Version: India-Pakistan War, 1965

Awards and decorations

style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"

| colspan="4" |{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Hilal-e-Pakistan (1957-86).png|width=100}} {{ribbon devices|ribbon=Hilal-e-Jurat.png|width=100}} {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam (1957-76).png|width=100}}

{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War Ribbon.png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=War Medal 1965(Tamgha-e-Jang, A.H.1385).png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award‐star|ribbon=Pakistan Independence Medal 1947.png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Republic Medal 1956 (Pakistan).png|width=130}}

{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Order of the British Empire (Military).png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Indian Distinguished Service Medal.png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=India General Service Medal (1936).png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=1939–1945 Star.png|width=130}}

{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Africa Star 1945.png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Ribbon - War Medal & MiD.png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Ribbon India Service Medal.png|width=130}}

|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=QE II Coronation Medal 1953.png|width=130}}

class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"

|Hilal-e-Pakistan

(Crescent of Pakistan)

(HPk)

| colspan="2" |Hilal-e-Jurat

(Crescent of Courage)

1965 War

|Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam

(HQA)

Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War

(War Star 1965)

|Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War

(War Medal 1965)

|Pakistan Tamgha

(Pakistan Medal)

1947

|Tamgha-e-Jamhuria

(Republic Commemoration Medal)

1956

Member of the

British Empire

(MBE){{Cite book |url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/D7386198 |title=Recommendation for Award for Mohammad Musa Rank: Acting Major Regiment: 6... |date=1941–1944}}

|Indian Distinguished

Service Medal

|India General Service Medal

(1936)

North West Frontier 1937–39 Clasp

|1939-1945 Star

Africa Star

|War Medal 1939-1945

(with MiD oak leaf)

|India Service Medal

1939–1945

|Queen Elizabeth II

Coronation Medal

(1953)

References

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20171107171601/https://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/AWPReview/TextContent.aspx?pId=146 Official profile at Pakistan Army website]

{{succession box | title=Commander-in-Chief, Pakistan Army| before=Ayub Khan| after=Yahya Khan|years=1958–1966}}

{{succession box | title=President of the Pakistan Hockey Federation | before= Naseer Ahmed| after=Nur Khan|years=1960–1966}}

{{succession box | title=Governor of West Pakistan| before=Amir Mohammad Khan
Nawab of Kalabagh| after=Yusuf Haroon|years=1966–1969}}

{{succession box | title=Governor of Balochistan| before=Khushdil Khan Afridi| after=Hazar Khan Khoso|years=1985–1991}}

Category:1908 births

Category:1991 deaths

Category:Graduates of the Staff College, Quetta

Category:Pakistani people of Hazara descent

Category:People from Quetta

Category:Military personnel from Karachi

Category:Hazara politicians

Category:Hazara military personnel