Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury

Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury was born to Sharifa Aziz Chowdhury and Azizur Rahman Chowdhury, editor-in-chief of the Weekly Prekshit. He has five brothers and one sister. Their ancestral village is Katihara in Lakhai Upazila.{{cite book |last1=Chowdhury |first1=Mukhlesur Rahman |year=2019 |title=Crisis in Governance: Military Rule in Bangladesh During 2007-2008 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-5275-4393-5 |pages=xx–xxi}}

Chowdhury received his master's in mass communication and journalism from the University of Dhaka.{{cite web |url=http://www.shef.ac.uk/international/countries/asia/south-asia/bangladesh/studentprofiles/mukhlesur |title=Mukhlesur - Student Profiles - Bangladesh - South Asia - Asia - Your country - Prospective International students |last=Chowdhury |first=Mukhlesur Rahman |work=The University of Sheffield |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121223042939/http://www.shef.ac.uk/international/countries/asia/south-asia/bangladesh/studentprofiles/mukhlesur |archive-date=23 December 2012}} He did research with distinction at King's College London, under King's-UNHCR Scholarship.{{Cite web |url=http://southasiajournal.net/author/mukhlesurrahman/ |title=M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |website=South Asia Journal|date=13 June 2017 }}

File:Mukhles with the President.JPG, President of Bangladesh (1st from left), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 5 August 2005]]

In January 1991, he became special correspondent for the Ajker Kagoj. In September 1991,{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} he became a diplomatic correspondent for the Dainik Dinkal.{{cite web |url=http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/dh1647_01885bgd.htm |title=2001 Annual Report: Bangladesh |publisher=Reporters Without Borders |date=2001 |via=European Country of Origin Information Network |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061404/http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/dh1647_01885bgd.htm |archive-date=16 July 2011 |access-date=20 August 2010}} In 1993,{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} he became a correspondent for Upali Newspapers of Sri Lanka.{{cite news |title=Faruque, Shamim elected OCAB president, secy |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/2004/12/30/d41230100778.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |agency=UNB |date=30 December 2004 |access-date=20 August 2010}}

In December 2003, Chowdhury{{Cite web |script-title=bn:প্রখ্যাত ব্যক্তিত্ব |trans-title=Eminent People |url=http://www.sylhet.gov.bd/site/page/2b13cbb1-0757-11e7-a6c5-286ed488c766 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702215045/http://www.sylhet.gov.bd/site/page/2b13cbb1-0757-11e7-a6c5-286ed488c766 |archive-date=2 July 2017 |access-date=2 July 2017 |website=Sylhet District |language=bn}}{{Cite web |script-title=bn:প্রখ্যাত ব্যক্তিত্ব |trans-title=Eminent people |url=http://www.habiganj.gov.bd/site/page/35e1e7ae-0757-11e7-a6c5-286ed488c766 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702181014/http://www.habiganj.gov.bd/site/page/35e1e7ae-0757-11e7-a6c5-286ed488c766 |archive-date=2 July 2017 |access-date=2 July 2017 |website=Habiganj District |language=bn}} was elected President of the Overseas Correspondents' Association Bangladesh-OCAB (Foreign Journalists Association) for 2004.{{cite web |title=Govt plans to feed 20m flood-hit people Under VGF till Dec 2004 |url=http://www.bangladesh-web.com/view.php?hidRecord=16671 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709155654/http://www.bangladesh-web.com/view.php?hidRecord=16671 |archive-date=9 July 2015 |website=News From Bangladesh}}{{cite web |title='Real culprits behind Sylhet bomb blast to be traced out soon' |url=http://www.bangladesh-web.com/view.php?hidRecord=9420 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424204338/http://www.bangladesh-web.com/view.php?hidRecord=9420 |archive-date=24 April 2012 |website=News From Bangladesh}} He was the first Joint Secretary General of the Commonwealth Journalists Association (CJA), Bangladesh.{{cite web |author=M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |title=USA's efforts for a new election to restore democracy in Bangladesh by M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |url=https://issuu.com/mukhleschowdhury/docs/usa___s_efforts_for_a_new_election_ |work=Countercurrents.org |via=Issuu}}

Chowdhury was appointed press secretary by President Iajuddin Ahmed, serving from December 2004 to November 2006.{{cite news |title=Bangabhaban's political recruit feeds BSS wrong news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/11/09/d61109011310.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=9 November 2006}}{{cite news |title=Political recruit Mokhlesur plays twin roles |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/11/07/d61107011411.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=7 November 2006}} On 13 November 2006, after President Ahmed took on the responsibility as Chief Advisor of the Caretaker Government, he appointed Chowdhury as one of his advisors, with the status of a Minister of State.{{cite news |title=Mokhlesur now an adviser with state minister's rank |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/11/14/d61114011813.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=14 November 2006 |access-date=29 April 2013}}

From November 2006 to January 2007, when an acute national political impasses arose in Bangladesh out of uncertainty about Parliamentary elections, he performed the role of the President's special envoy in the negotiation process. He tried to reconcile issues between the two opposition leaders, Begum Khaleda Zia of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, and Sheikh Hasina of the Awami League.{{cite news |title=Chronology of keeping off polls |url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/2007/01/05/d70105011814.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=5 January 2007}}{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailydawn.com/article.php?bangladesh/658 |title=One Eleven: Democracy was hijacked from Bangladesh |website=The Daily Dawn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226020650/http://www.thedailydawn.com/article.php?bangladesh/658 |archive-date=2017-12-26}}{{unreliable source|date=January 2023}}

Chowdhury used good offices of the western diplomats led by the US Ambassador Patricia A. Butenis and stopped the martial law while the army group had to retreat to the option of the state of emergency, which was supported by all political parties for their own interests. Khaleda Zia with Moeen's support on 29 October 2006 made all the papers of the state of emergency. However, Chowdhury stopped the declaration of the emergency at night when the President Dr. Iajuddin Ahmed took over as the CA. Chowdhury was arguing through declaration of emergency the Army Chief would take over power. The AL led alliance was supporting the emergency from the beginning. At this stage, President Iajuddin declared a state of emergency on 11 January and postponed the elections under the pressure of Moeen and his army group,{{cite magazine |title=Bangladesh: The coup that dare not speak its name |url=http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=E1_RVGDDDG |magazine=The Economist |date=18 January 2007 |access-date=20 August 2010 |quote=Iajuddin Ahmed, Bangladesh's president, declared an army-backed state of emergency on January 11th and cancelled the election due on January 22nd.}} as they would not be valid without full participation of the parties A group of military officers intervened to ensure stability, in what became called "One-Eleven." They established an interim government.[https://web.archive.org/web/20150204222713/http://news.priyo.com/politics/2011/09/21/wikileaks-how-president-iajudd-37985.html "Wikileaks: How President Iajuddin ..."], Priyo, 21 September 2011

In November and December 2006, Chowdhury worked with the US Ambassador in Dhaka Patricia A. Butenis, Under Secretary of State of the US Nicholas Burns called him from State Department, Washington, D.C., he had talk with US Assistant Secretary of State Richard A. Boucher and at Chowdhury's invitation UN Secretary General Kofi A. Annan sent his emissaries to Bangladesh to stop martial law. Responding Chowdhury's all these initiatives Special Envoy Craig Jennes led a two-member UN delegation to Bangladesh and finally Patricia A. Butenis and Anwar Choudhury met Principal Staff Officer General Jahangir Alam Chowdhury and Chief of Army Staff General Moeen U Ahmed, transmitted message not go ahead with their martial law option and informed if it happens Bangladeshi Peacekeepers will be back from the UN Peacekeeping Mission and there will be sanctions imposed on Bangladesh by the UN. Another message for army was to go back to barrack after restoring democracy holding parliamentary election within very short time, thus army rule's days were numbered.{{cite web |url=http://southasiajournal.net/bangladesh-in-the-un-peacekeeping-a-personal-perspective/ |title=Bangladesh Army in the U.N. peacekeeping and intervention in politics 2007-2008; A Personal Perspective |author=M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |date=12 June 2017 |website=South Asia Journal}}

During 1994–1995, Bangladesh had a similar political deadlock, when the Awami League boycotted the 15 February 1996 election because no caretaker government had been established. In that event, negotiations had been led by the then-Commonwealth Secretary General Chief Emeka Anyaoku's special envoy Sir Ninian Stephen.{{cite news |url=|title=Envoy fails |newspaper=The Independent |location=London|date=21 November 1994 |access-date= }}{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338682649 |via=ResearchGate|doi=10.5281/zenodo.3612191 |year=2020 |author1=Md Jaynal Abedin |title=Foreign Interference in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Military-Backed Caretaker Government in 2007-2008 |journal=European Journal of Social Sciences Studies |volume=4 |issue=6 }}

The violence and crisis in Bangladesh received international media coverage. In December 2006, WikiLeaks leaked documents from Chowdhury's mission with diplomats, including Patricia A. Butenis, as well as politicians and other stakeholders on solving Bangladesh's political impasses, when they had worked together during the volatile political situation in 2006-07 period.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} The caretaker government struggled to hold elections within the constitutional 90-day deadline. The dates for the scheduled election were changed to 21 January, then 23 January, and finally 22 January 2007 in efforts to accommodate the political parties.{{cite news |url=http://news.priyo.com/politics/2011/09/21/wikileaks-how-president-iajudd-37985.html |title=WikiLeaks: How president Iajuddin was asked to resign |work=Priyo News |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050442/http://news.priyo.com/politics/2011/09/21/wikileaks-how-president-iajudd-37985.html |archive-date=4 March 2016}}

Chowdhury had a series of meetings with stakeholders on governance and politics.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} With the help of United States envoys, he stopped the imposition of martial law planned by General Moeen U Ahmed and his associates.{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDsbwjaNhNw | title=- YouTube | website=YouTube | date=16 January 2022 }}

Chowdhury later said that General Moeen, Army Chief, was the main force in the military intervention{{cite news |title='Jan 11 a full-scale military takeover' |url=http://newagebd.net/48841/jan-11-a-full-scale-military-takeover/#sthash.UVM91ZB1.dpbs |newspaper=New Age |date=13 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140915081256/http://newagebd.net/48841/jan-11-a-full-scale-military-takeover/#sthash.Gmsr04Sy.dpbs |archive-date=15 September 2014}}{{cite magazine |author=Haroon Habib |date=28 July 2007 |title=Minus-two formula |url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2415/stories/20070810506605900.htm |magazine=Frontline}} and declaration by President Iajuddin Ahmed of a state of emergency on 11 January 2007.{{Cite web |url=http://newsfrombangladesh.net/view.php?hidRecord=300534 |title=Iajuddin was forced to promulgate emergency: Mukhles(Former adviser to Professor Dr Iazuddin) |website=News from Bangladesh |date=12 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310154606/http://newsfrombangladesh.net/view.php?hidRecord=300534 |archive-date=2014-03-10}} He started speaking against army-backed government on 12 January and his interviews were published by the Manabzamin, Naya Diganta and Amader Shomoy. According to Amar Desh reporting in 2009, Chowdhury said that Moeen had intended to capture the country's presidency through the interim Caretaker Government headed by Fakhruddin Ahmed, formerly with the World Bank.http://www.amardeshbd.com/dailynews/detail_news_index.php?NewsID=209860&NewsType=bistarito&SectionID=home&oldIssueID=2009/02/01 {{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Amar Desh, 1 February 2009 Aminul Karim united army dissident groups and also used Gen. Masud and Brig. Bari to achieve this.Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/AsLS2KmUb4E Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219042017/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsLS2KmUb4E&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsLS2KmUb4E |title=Prekhit Bangladesh {{!}} Episode 34 {{!}} Guests: M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/_38oyP3NnzI Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219042011/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_38oyP3NnzI&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_38oyP3NnzI |title=Weekly News Discussion {{!}} Episode 11 {{!}} M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/ptePa_DHdKQ Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219042715/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptePa_DHdKQ&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptePa_DHdKQ |title=Prekhit Bangladesh {{!}} Episode 34 {{!}} Guests: M Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}} The main motto of Moeen, Aminul Karim and A T M Amin was to make Moeen President of the country{{cite news |title=Moeen U Ahmed wanted to be president: Moudud |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news/moeen-u-ahmed-wanted-to-be-president-moudud |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=12 May 2013}}{{cite AV media |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/dYEDNO8gUyk |archive-date=2021-12-11 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYEDNO8gUyk |title=Watch Live Prekhit Bangladesh {{!}} Episode 48 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}

"Military coup in Bangladesh: Dateline 2007", one of his fact-finding write-ups about the One Eleven conspiracy, was published in the weekly Akhon Samoy of New York.http://www.akhonsamoy.com/39/Page_01.pdf{{dead link|date=February 2023}}, Akhon Samoy Weekly, in Bengali Minister Chowdhury revealed untold facts about 2007 military intervention in Bangladesh in interviews taken by media that include the Bangladesh Pratidin,{{cite news |url=http://www.bd-pratidin.com/2013/08/01/8709 |script-title=bn:১/১১ নিয়ে মুখ খুললেন মোখলেস চৌধুরী |language=bn |work=Bangladesh Pratidin |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709085522/http://www.bd-pratidin.com/2013/08/01/8709 |archive-date=9 July 2015}} the daily Kaler Kantho,{{cite news |script-title=bn:ওয়ান-ইলেভেন নিয়ে মুখ খুললেন মোখলেস চৌধুরী |url=http://www.kalerkantho.com/print_edition/index.php?view=details&type=gold&data=news&pub_no=1321&cat_id=2&menu_id=23&news_type_id=1&index=0&archiev=yes&arch_date=01-08-2013 |language=bn |newspaper=Kaler Kantho |access-date=4 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709234938/http://www.kalerkantho.com/print_edition/index.php?view=details&type=gold&data=news&pub_no=1321&cat_id=2&menu_id=23&news_type_id=1&index=0&archiev=yes&arch_date=01-08-2013#.U48aevldWTw |archive-date=9 July 2015 |url-status=dead}} and the Daily Sun.{{cite news |url=http://www.daily-sun.com/details_yes_01-08-2013_Mokhles-speaks-on-111_574_1_1_1_3.html |title=Mokhles speaks on 1/11 |work=Daily Sun |access-date=13 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216015827/http://www.daily-sun.com/old_version/details_yes_01-08-2013_Mokhles-speaks-on-111_574_1_1_1_3.html |archive-date=16 February 2015}}{{cite news |url=http://www.daily-sun.com/details_yes_02-08-2013_Mokhles-speaks-on-111_575_1_2_1_2.html |title=Mokhles speaks on 1/11 |work=Daily Sun |access-date=13 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216015758/http://www.daily-sun.com/old_version/details_yes_02-08-2013_Mokhles-speaks-on-111_575_1_2_1_2.html |archive-date=16 February 2015}}{{cite news |script-title=bn:নিন্দিত এক-এগারোর এক দশক |url=https://www.dailyinqilab.com/article/58302/ |work=Daily Inqilab |date=13 January 2017 |language=bn}}

Chowdhury later said that General Moeen, Army Chief, was the main force in the military intervention and declaration by President Iajuddin Ahmed of a state of emergency on 11 January 2007. He started speaking against army-backed government on 12 January and his interviews were published by the Manabzamin, Naya Diganta and Amader Shomoy. According to Amar Desh reporting in 2009, Chowdhury said that Moeen had intended to capture the country's presidency through the interim Caretaker Government headed by Fakhruddin Ahmed, formerly with the World Bank. Aminul Karim united army dissident groups and also used Gen. Masud and Brig. Bari to achieve this. The main motto of Moeen, Aminul Karim and A T M Amin was to make Moeen President of the country "Military coup in Bangladesh: Dateline 2007", one of his fact-finding write-ups about the One Eleven conspiracy, was published in the weekly Akhon Samoy of New York. Minister Chowdhury revealed untold facts about 2007 military intervention in Bangladesh in interviews taken by media that include the Bangladesh Pratidin, the daily Kaler Kantho, and the Daily Sun. Chowdhury resigned under pressure.Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/DU7c1fWoO54 Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219042730/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU7c1fWoO54&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU7c1fWoO54 |title=Prekhit Bangladesh {{!}} Episode 67 {{!}} guest: Mokhlesur Rahman Chowdhury |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}

Chowdhury brought all the political parties including agitating Grand Alliance in the parliamentary election of 22 January 2007 after having a series of meetings with them and agreeing to their demands. As a result, the Grand Alliance was in that election from 23 December 2006 to 3 January 2007. Chowdhury was fighting against Moeen and Aminul Karim's group as they were making army deployment of Caretaker Government (CTG) dysfunctional in November 2006, managing four advisors' resignations in December 2006 what he was also able to replace and stopping martial law and the State of Emergency until 11 January 2007. Then Moeen was behind all power.{{cite magazine |author=Julfikar Ali Manik |date=4 June 2007 |title=Phantom Of The Opera |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/phantom-of-the-opera/234770 |magazine=Outlook}}{{Cite news |url=http://www.oneindia.com/2007/10/19/khaleda-and-hasina-to-be-free-if-corruption-charges-failsmoeen-1192811577.html |title=Khaleda and Hasina to be free if corruption charges fails:Moeen |work=Oneindia |date=19 October 2007}}

Chowdhury has been the chief editor of the Bangladesh Worldwide{{cite web |url=http://bangladeshworldwide.net/ |title=Masthead |website=Bangladesh Worldwide |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130708072639/http://bangladeshworldwide.net/ |archive-date=8 July 2013}} and the Editor of the Weekly Prekkhit and magazine the Sromo.{{cite web |url=http://saptahikprekkhit.com/ |title=bangladeshworldwide.com |work=saptahikprekkhit.com}} He has been Senior Editor of Birkbeck Law Review.{{cite web |url=http://www.bbklr.org/about.html |title=About |website=Birkbeck Law Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009143845/http://www.bbklr.org/about.html |archive-date=2017-10-09}}

File:Mokhles handover book to President.jpg

• Hundred Years of Bangabhaban and Bangabhabaner Shatabarsha were published from Bangabhaban, where Chowdhury was the publisher, as the head of press wing of President's Office.{{cite web |url=http://bangla-sydney.com/pdf/helal-100-years-of-bangabhaban.pdf |title=Book Review: Hundred Years of Bangabhaban |website=bangla-sydney.com}}
• Samakalin Sangbadikata (Contemporary Journalism), 2006.
• Protocoler Nigor (Bindings in Protocol), 2006.{{cite news |title=President unveils covers of Mokhlesur Rahman's books |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2006/07/23/president-unveils-covers-of-mokhlesur-rahman-s-books |work=bdnews24.com |date=23 July 2006}}
• "A Unique Military Intervention in Bangladesh" 2021.
• Crisis in Governance: Military Rule in Bangladesh During 2007-2008, 2019.{{Cite web |url=https://www.brownsbfs.co.uk/Product/Chowdhury-Mukhlesur-Rahman/Crisis-in-governance---military-rule-in-Bangladesh-during-2007-2008/9781527536425 |title=Crisis in governance : Military rule in Bangladesh during 2007-2008 by Chowdhury, Mukhlesur Rahman (9781527536425) {{pipe}} BrownsBfS}}

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