Muncaster

{{Infobox UK place

| official_name = Muncaster

| civil_parish = Muncaster

| country = England

| region = North West England

| coordinates = {{coord|54.355643|-3.3810747|display=inline,title}}

| os_grid_reference =

| post_town =

| postcode_area =

| postcode_district =

| dial_code =

| unitary_england = Cumberland

| lieutenancy_england = Cumbria

| hide_services = Yes

| population = 259

| population_ref = (Parish, 2021){{cite web |title=2021 Census Parish Profiles |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/sources/census_2021_pp |website=NOMIS |publisher=Office for National Statistics |access-date=31 March 2025}} (To get individual community data, use the query function on table PP002.)

| area_total_km2 = 29.4

| static_image = Muncaster Castle, 2009 (2).jpg

| static_image_caption = Muncaster Castle

| website = {{URL|http://www.muncaster-pc.gov.uk/}}

}}

Muncaster is a civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The parish is {{convert|41|mi|km}} south west of the city of Carlisle.{{cite web|url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/gazetteer/howfar?from=148334&to=147962|title=Distance from Muncaster [54.357025, 3.380236]|publisher=GENUKI|access-date=5 March 2021}} The settlement of Muncaster itself consists of a small number of houses around Muncaster Castle and the adjoining St Michael's Church. The main settlement in the parish is the coastal village of Ravenglass. The parish also extends inland to include rural areas on either side of the lower reaches of the River Esk.

The neighbouring parishes (clockwise from north-west) are Drigg and Carleton, Irton with Santon, Eskdale, Ulpha, Waberthwaite and Bootle.

History

The place was anciently called 'Meolceastre'.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/place/5074|title=History of Muncaster, in Copeland and Cumberland|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|access-date=5 March 2021}} The name means 'Mula's/Muli's Roman camp', which perhaps refers to the Roman fort Glannoventa at Ravenglass.{{cite web|url=http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Cumberland/Muncaster|title=Muncaster Key to English Place-names|publisher=The University of Nottingham|access-date=5 March 2020}} The name gradually evolved into 'Muncaster'. The surname Muncaster derives from the place.{{cite web|url=https://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Muncaster|title=Last name: Muncaster|publisher=SurnameDB|accessdate=5 March 2021}}

File:St Michael and All Angels Church, Muncaster - geograph.org.uk - 523812.jpg]]

The small settlement of Muncaster is centred on Muncaster Castle (parts of which date back to the 13th century), which includes the parish church of St Michael (rebuilt in the 16th century) within its grounds.{{NHLE|desc=Church of St Michael and All Angels|num=1356113|grade=I}}{{NHLE|desc=Muncaster Castle|num=1068780|grade=I}}

The castle and church stand in extensive parkland on rising ground overlooking the Esk. The castle overlooked a ford on the river, which was used by the main coast road. Around 1810, a new Muncaster Bridge was built some distance to the east of the old ford. The road (since numbered as the A595) was subsequently diverted to cross the bridge, which remains the last road bridge over the river before it meets the sea at Ravenglass. The parkland also extends north-east onto the lower slopes of Muncaster Fell, an area of high ground between the Esk and the River Mite.{{NHLE|desc=Muncaster Castle|num=1000669|grade=II*}}

The Whitehaven and Furness Junction Railway built a line through the parish, with the first section from Whitehaven to Ravenglass railway station opening in 1849. The section south of Ravenglass, which crosses the Esk on the Eskmeals Viaduct, opened the following year. At its southern end, the line connected to the Furness Railway at Foxfield; the Whitehaven and Furness Junction Railway was subsequently absorbed by the Furness Railway in 1866. The route through Ravenglass now forms part of the Cumbrian Coast line.{{cite book |last1=Rollinson |first1=William |title=A History of Cumberland and Westmorland |date=1996 |publisher=Phillimore & Co. |location=Chichester |isbn=1 86077 009 6 |pages=103, 124 |edition=2nd}}

The Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway was opened in 1875 as a narrow-gauge railway for transporting iron ore from quarries in Eskdale to the main line station at Ravenglass. Since 1960, the line has operated as a heritage railway. It now has four stations in the parish of Muncaster.{{cite web |title=Our story |url=https://ravenglass-railway.co.uk/about-us/our-story |website=Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway |access-date=10 April 2025}}

Governance

File:Muncaster Parish Hall, Ravenglass.jpg

There are two tiers of local government covering Eskdale, at parish and unitary authority level: Muncaster Parish Council and Cumberland Council. The parish council generally meets at Muncaster Parish Hall, which is on Main Street in Ravenglass.{{cite web |title=Muncaster Parish Council |url=https://muncaster-pc.gov.uk/ |access-date=10 April 2025}} The parish is wholly within the Lake District National Park, and so some functions are administered by the Lake District National Park Authority, notably planning.{{cite web |title=Planning |url=https://www.lakedistrict.gov.uk/planning |website=Lake District National Park |access-date=10 April 2025}}

At a national level, the parish is within the Barrow and Furness UK parliamentary constituency.{{cite web |title=Election Maps |url=https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/election-maps/gb/ |publisher=Ordnance Survey |access-date=10 April 2025}}

=Administrative history=

Muncaster was an ancient parish within the historic county of Cumberland. The parish was subdivided into two townships, called Birkby (generally south of the Esk) and Muncaster (generally north of the river).{{cite web |title=Cumberland Sheet LXXXII |url=https://maps.nls.uk/view/102340923 |website=National Library of Scotland |publisher=Ordnance Survey |access-date=10 April 2025 |date=1867}}{{cite web|url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CUL/Muncaster|title=Muncaster|publisher=GENUKI|access-date=5 March 2021}} In 1886, a detached part of the parish of Millom comprising an area of high ground including Stainton Pike was transferred to Muncaster.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10178289|title=Relationships and changes Muncaster CP/AP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|access-date=5 March 2021}}

In 1974, Muncaster became part of the Borough of Copeland in the new county of Cumbria.{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972|year=1972|number=2039|accessdate=3 March 2023}}{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Names) Order 1973|year=1973|number=551|accessdate=3 March 2023}} Copeland was abolished in 2023 when the new Cumberland Council was created, also taking over the functions of the abolished Cumbria County Council in the area.{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Cumbria (Structural Changes) Order 2022|year=2022|number=331|access-date=24 January 2024}}

Demography

The parish had a population of 259 at the 2021 census. The population was 290 in 2011.{{cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/northwestengland/admin/copeland/E04010483__muncaster/|title=Muncaster|publisher=City Population De.|access-date=5 March 2021}}

Features

There are 14 listed buildings in Muncaster.{{cite web|url=https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/wales/muncaster-copeland-cumbria|title=Listed buildings in Muncaster, Copeland, Cumbria|publisher=British Listed Buildings|access-date=5 March 2021}}

References

External links

[http://www.cumbriacountyhistory.org.uk/township/muncaster Cumbria County History Trust: Muncaster] (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page)
[http://www.muncaster-pc.gov.uk/ Parish council]

Category:Civil parishes in Cumbria

Category:Cumberland (unitary authority)