Murder of Gordon Sanderson

{{short description|Formerly unidentified murder victim in Canada}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Gordon Sanderson

| image =

| caption =

| birth_name = Gordon Edwin Sanderson

| birth_date = October 22, 1950

| birth_place = Manitoba, Canada

| death_date = 1976–1977 (aged 26)

| death_place = Alberta, Canada

| death_cause = Homicide by gunshot

| body_discovered = April 13, 1977

| children = 1 daughter

| other_names = "Septic Tank Sam," "Sam Doe," "Tofield John Doe"

}}

Gordon "Gordie" Edwin Sanderson, previously known as Septic Tank Sam, Sam Doe and Tofield John Doe, was a formerly unidentified Canadian murder victim who was found in a septic tank in 1977 at Lindbrook, Alberta, {{convert|13|km|spell=in}} west of Tofield.{{Cite web|url=https://www.services.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/missing-disparus/case-dossier.jsf?case=2014001122&id=2|title=Canada's Missing|last=(none)|date=August 13, 2012|website=www.services.rcmp-grc.gc.ca|access-date=June 13, 2019}} His remains were identified in January 2021, and his identity was revealed five months later. The investigation into his homicide is ongoing.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/septic-tank-sam-killed-1977-1.6083537|title=Man whose burned body was found in septic tank on Alberta farm identified by DNA 44 years later|last=Syed|first=Ronna|date=June 29, 2021|access-date=June 30, 2021}}

Early life

Gordon Edwin Sanderson was an Indigenous man born in Manitoba on October 22, 1950. Police stated that Sanderson was a victim of the Sixties Scoop and put into foster care when he was nine years old. He struggled with addictions and had various run-ins with police.

In the 1970s, he was living in Edmonton, and had planned to visit his brother, Arthur, in Calgary.{{Cite web|date=2021-06-30|title=RCMP use DNA to identify 'Septic Tank Sam' after 40 years|url=https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/rcmp-use-dna-to-identify-septic-tank-sam-after-40-years-1.5492310|access-date=2021-06-30|website=Edmonton|language=en}}

Discovery

Sanderson was found wearing a blue Levi's shirt with snap buttons, a grey T-shirt, blue jeans, and imitation Wallabee shoes. His decomposed body was wrapped in a yellow bed sheet and tied up with a nylon rope. Sanderson was found by a local couple scavenging their abandoned property for a septic tank pump. After seeing his leg bobbing in their old septic tank, they alerted the Tofield Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) detachment. Two officers came to the scene to recover Sanderson's body, where they spent an hour emptying the 1.8-metre-deep septic tank with an empty ice cream pail.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=02t7hcfXIOsC|title=CSI Alberta: The Secrets of Skulls and Skeletons|last=Smith|first=Peter B.|date=2009|publisher=Heritage House Publishing Co|isbn=9781894974844|language=en}}

= Autopsy =

A medical examiner in Edmonton determined Sanderson to be Caucasian. His bones and teeth suggested he had suffered from an unspecified illness at five years old. Sanderson's cause of death was two gunshots to the head and chest, although it was possible there could have been more if any of the bullets had not reached his skeleton. Before his death, Sanderson had been tortured: he had been beaten, tied up, burned with a small butane torch and cigarettes, and sexually mutilated with a sharp object. The sexual mutilation was so severe that the medical examiner took several months to positively identify him as a male. Based on the burn marks on his shirt sleeves, Sanderson could have been tied to a bed while tortured{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}}. The weapon(s) used to mutilate Sanderson could not be conclusively determined due to the condition of the remains, although the medical examiner suspected the use of farm shears. After Sanderson's death, he had been covered in quicklime, most likely in a mistaken attempt to hasten decomposition.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/death-of-albertas-septic-tank-sam-is-still-a-cold-case/article1354167/|title=Death of Alberta's 'Septic Tank Sam' is still a cold case|access-date=June 13, 2019}}

Investigation

File:Septic Tank Sam Doe 1979.jpeg{{cite web|title=Specialists rebuild slain man's skull|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80537250/edmonton-journal/|newspaper=Edmonton Journal|date=December 1, 1979|page=F2|access-date=June 30, 2021}} {{free access}}{{Cite news|date=1980-09-27|title=Clipped From The Windsor Star|pages=96|work=The Windsor Star|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80537377/the-windsor-star/|access-date=2021-07-07}}]]

Authorities suspected he was not from Alberta, but most likely worked as a migrant worker. Due to a lack of evidence in the septic tank, Sanderson was most likely murdered elsewhere and the septic tank was only a dumpsite. Sanderson's murderers are believed to have known him, due to how viciously he had been killed. It is also suspected Sanderson's murderers were Tofield locals or were familiar with the area, due to the location of Sanderson's dumpsite being on a rural property.

Sanderson's body has been exhumed from his unmarked grave in an Edmonton cemetery twice. In 1979, Sanderson's remains were flown out to Clyde Snow and Betty Pat Gatliff, forensic anthropologist and medical illustrator at the Federal Aviation Administration in Oklahoma who had been creating 3D facial composites from skulls since 1967. Along with creating a facial composite for Sanderson, the two could tell by measuring his hands that he was right-handed. Snow believed Sanderson to be Indigenous and around 35 years old, contradicting the RCMP's belief of Sanderson being Caucasian and between 26 and 32.

Sanderson was exhumed and reconstructed for the second time in 2000 by Cyril Chan, who was with the Edmonton medical examiner's office at the time.

= Aftermath =

The 1,200 residents of Tofield at the time were horrified to hear of Sanderson's murder. Farmers checked their own septic tanks for bodies and business owners worried that Sanderson's murderers could have been regular customers. Many speculated Sam had been sexually mutilated due to committing a sex crime or being unfaithful in a relationship. Ed Lammerts, one of the officers who helped recover Sanderson's body, has since retired. He believed Sanderson would never be identified, despite sending X-rays of Sanderson's teeth to 800 Albertan dentists coupled with publishing them in dental magazines, and spending $1,000,000 on the case.{{Cite web|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/could-new-national-dna-database-provide-a-break-in-one-of-albertas-most-gruesome-cold-cases|title=RCMP hope DNA database could provide break in Septic Sam cold case|publisher=Edmonton Journal|last=Wakefield|first=Jonny|date=October 8, 2017|language=en|access-date=June 13, 2019}}

= Current investigation =

Police believe Sanderson was killed by associates of his involved in various criminal acts in Edmonton. They acknowledge that his killer may no longer be alive.

Identification

On June 29, 2021, it was reported that the remains had been identified via genetic genealogy, 44 years after his discovery. Police had submitted DNA to Othram, Inc., a private laboratory in The Woodlands, Texas, and identified Sanderson in January 2021, after which the case became an active homicide investigation. On June 30, Alberta RCMP publicly identified Sam in a virtual press conference as Gordon Edwin Sanderson, a 26-year-old Indigenous man from Manitoba who was living in Edmonton at the time of his death.{{Cite web|last=Syed|first=Ronna|title=Man whose body was found in septic tank on Alberta farm in 1977 was a 26-year-old from Manitoba, RCMP say|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/man-found-burned-body-septic-tank-identified-1.6086082|website=CBC}} The last time Sanderson had spoken to his family, he had mentioned that he was going to visit his brother in Calgary.{{Cite web|last=Boothby|first=Lauren|date=June 30, 2021|title=Homicide victim in 1977 Tofield cold case identified as Edmonton man Gordon Sanderson|url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/1977-homicide-victim-cold-case-identified-edmonton|access-date=June 30, 2021|publisher=Edmonton Journal|language=en}} Sanderson's older sister's DNA was used to confirm his identity.