Musk lorikeet
{{short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Musk lorikeet
| image = Musk Lorikeet jul08.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Glossopsitta
| parent_authority = Bonaparte, 1854
| display_parents = 2
| species = concinna
| authority = (Shaw, 1791)
}}
The musk lorikeet (Glossopsitta concinna) is a lorikeet, now the only species in the genus Glossopsitta.{{cite web | url =http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/psit.html |title = Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Psittaciformes (Version 9.004) |date =2008-07-05 |publisher = zoonomen.net }} It inhabits south-central/eastern Australia. The little lorikeet and the purple-crowned lorikeet were previously included in the genus. The musk lorikeet was first described by ornithologist George Shaw in 1790 as Psittacus concinnus, from a collection in the vicinity of Port Jackson in what is now Sydney. John Latham described it as Psittacus australis. Its specific epithet is the Latin concinna "elegant".{{cite book|author = Simpson DP| title = Cassell's Latin Dictionary | publisher = Cassell Ltd.| year = 1979|edition = 5th|location = London| isbn=0-304-52257-0|page = 883}} Other common names include red-eared lorikeet, and green keet,Lendon, p. 23 and formerly a local Sydney indigenous term coolich.{{cite book |title=The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge|url=https://archive.org/details/pennycyclopdias19longgoog|last=Long |first=George|year=1841 |publisher=Charles Knight & Co. |location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/pennycyclopdias19longgoog/page/n97 90]}} The names green leek and king parrot have been incorrectly applied to this species in the past.
Description
The musk lorikeet is {{convert|22|cm|in}} long. It is mainly green and it is identified by its red forehead, blue crown and a distinctive yellow band on its wing. Both upper and lower mandibles of the beak are red at the tip and darker near its base.
Distribution and habitat
Musk lorikeets are found in eastern New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania.{{cite web|url=http://www.birdsinbackyards.net/finder/display.cfm?id=361|title=Musk Lorikeet |publisher=Australian Museum - Birds in Backyards|access-date=2009-08-22}}
They are an uncommon nomad in woodlands and drier forests in south-east mainland, mainly west of Great Dividing Range, and in Tasmania.
Musk lorikeets have been sighted and are recent common visitors to fruit trees in the Punchbowl Area, near Launceston, Northern Tasmania. Favourite foods seem to include apricots, apples, bottlebrush flowers & nectar, as well as seeds and nectar from Grevillea spp.
Urban influence
Musk lorikeets are one of the few animals with the plasticity to survive and thrive in rapid urbanization.White 2005 Over the past 30 years, flocks of musk lorikeets have been adopting Australia's cities, such as Melbourne and Sydney.Davis, Taylor & Major 2011
The partial reason for musk lorikeets' move to, and success in, urban areas is the planting of various nectar-producing plants throughout the city. They have evolved to consume nectar as a part of their major food source and can be found foraging in the blooming canopies of eucalyptus forests.Smith & Lill 2008
Unlike their natural habitat, the city plants are regularly maintained and so they have become a more reliable food source. Because the nectar plants tend to be most dense in the outer urban areas, most of the population prefers the outer urban areas, which allows for more feeding and roosting opportunities, rather than the inner ones. Although, there have been sightings of these lorikeets in the inner city regions but in reduced numbers; most likely from reduced vegetation.Davis, Taylor & Major 2012
The only Australian nectarivore to not have a preference between the inner city and outer urban zones is the rainbow lorikeet. Both the rainbow lorikeet and the musk lorikeet are nectarivores, which means that their niches overlap and that they must compete against one another for the limited amount of resources available. The growth and resources of the rainbow lorikeet population may limit the growth of the musk lorikeet population, and coupled with the growing urbanization, the musk lorikeet may have more competitive pressures for resources.
Breeding
The musk lorikeet breeds mainly from August to January.Morcombe, Michael (2012) Field Guide to Australian Birds. Pascal Press, Glebe, NSW. Revised edition. {{ISBN|978174021417-9}} The nest is usually built in a hollow limb high in a tree. Two white {{convert|24|x|20|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} eggs are laid and incubated for 22 days by the female. The young are fledged after 5 to 6 weeks.
Gallery
Musk Lorikeet cunninghams.ogv|thumbtime=1|Video: Cunninghams Gap, Queensland
Glossopsitta concinna -Kangaroo Flat, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia-8 (1).jpg|Feeding on a desert ash in Bendigo.
Musk Lorikeet yy - Christopher Watson.jpg|Feeding on a flowering gum in a park in Cheltenham, Victoria
References
{{Reflist}}
=Cited texts=
- {{cite book |title=Australian Parrots in Field and Aviary |edition=2nd |last=Lendon |first=Alan H.|year=1973 |publisher=Angus and Robertson |location=Sydney |isbn=0-207-12424-8}}
- {{cite book |title=Lories and Lorikeets |last=Low |first=Rosemary |year=1978 |publisher=Inkata Press |location=Melbourne |isbn=0-909605-08-4}}
{{Commons category|Glossopsitta concinna}}
{{Wikispecies|Glossopsitta concinna}}
- [http://www.birdsnways.com/mowen/musk2.htm Birds of Australia]
- {{cite journal|last1=Davis|first1=A.|last2=Taylor|first2=C.|last3=Major|first3=R.|title=Seasonal abundance and habitat use of Australian parrots in urbanized landscape|journal=Landscape and Urban Planning|date=2012|volume=106|issue=2|pages=191–198|doi=10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.03.005|bibcode=2012LUrbP.106..191D }}
- {{cite journal|last1=Davis|first1=A.|last2=Taylor|first2=C.|last3=Major|first3=R.|title=Do fire and rainfall drive spatial and temporal population shifts in parrots? A case study using urban parrot populations|journal=Landscape and Urban Planning|date=2011|volume=100|issue=3|pages=295–301|doi=10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.12.017|bibcode=2011LUrbP.100..295D }}
- {{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=J.|last2=Lill|first2=A.|title=Importance of eucalypts in exploitation of urban parks by rainbow and musk lorikeets|journal=Emu|date=2008|volume=108|issue=2|pages=187–195|doi=10.1071/mu07062|bibcode=2008EmuAO.108..187S |s2cid=85774685}}
- {{cite journal|last1=White|first1=J.|title=Non-uniform bird assemblages in urban environments: The influence of streetscape vegetation|journal=Landscape and Urban Planning|date=2005|volume=71|issue=2–4|pages=123–135|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.02.006|bibcode=2005LUrbP..71..123W }}
{{Psittacopasseres|Ps.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q608087}}
Category:Birds of New South Wales
Category:Birds of Victoria (state)
Category:Birds of South Australia