Mustagh Pass

The route across the Mustagh Pass is the shortest route from Yarkand to Skardu on the upper Indus River in Baltistan, from where caravans used to head on to Srinigar in Kashmir. The pass is situated about midway between the Karakoram Pass to the east, which leads to Leh in Ladakh, and the Kilik and Mintaka passes to the west which lead to Hunza and Gilgit.Ferber, Aug. C. F. (1907). "An Exploration of the Mustagh Pass in the Karakoram Himalayas." The Geographical Journal, Vol. 30, No. 6. (Dec., 1907), p. 630. {{JSTOR|1776814}}

The route has been impassible to caravans since at least the middle of the 19th century due to the movement of the glaciers on it and, by 1861, when Godwin-Austen did his survey of the region, it was only in use by a few Baltis living in Yarkand who crossed it to visit their families. Frederic Drew reported that there had been no crossings between Yarkand and Baltistan between 1863 and 1870.Rizvi, Janet. Trans-Himalayan Caravans : Merchant Princes and Peasant Traders in Ladakh, p. 26. 1999. Oxford University Press. New Delhi. {{ISBN|0-19-564855-2}}.

"The old Mustagh Pass to the east had been out of use for thirty or forty years, on account of the accumulation of ice upon it, in consequence of which a new pass had been sought for, and another one to the west had been found. This latter pass had been in partial use up to ten years ago. No European had, however, crossed either of them, but Colonel Godwin-Austen in 1862 came very near the summit of the new pass from the southern side, when he was obliged to turn back on account of bad weather."Younghusband, Francis. "A Journey across Central Asia, from Manchuria and Peking to Kashmir, over the Mustagh Pass." Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, New Monthly Series, Vol. 10, No. 8 (Aug., 1888), p. 509.

There was apparently more abundant fodder and fuel along the Yarkand River than on the approaches to the Karakoram Pass:

:"Turdi Kol took me a few miles further down the river and showed me two other equally good camping-grounds, and he says that there is considerably more pasture in the lower part of this valley than in that of the Karakash River, where Shahidula is situated, and that in the old days the valley was populated and cultivated and merchants went to and fro by the Mustagh Pass to Baltistan."Younghusband, Francis. The Heart of a Continent: A Narrative of Travels in Manchuria, across the Gobi Desert, through the Himalayas, the Pamirs and Chitral, 1884-94. Published: 1897. London. Reprint (2005): Elibron Classics Replica Edition, p. 236. {{ISBN|1-4212-6551-6}} (pbk); {{ISBN|1-4212-6550-8}} (hbk).

Francis Younghusband (1863-1942) was the first European known to cross the pass which he did with much difficulty in 1887 after a request from Colonel Mark Sever Bell (1843-1906), finally reaching the village of Askole in Baltistan.French, Patrick. (1994). Younghusband: The Last Great Imperial Adventurer, pp. 53, 56-60. HarperCollinsPublishers, London. Reprint (1995): Flamingo. London. {{ISBN|0-00-637601-0}}.

Apparently there have only been two recorded crossings of the pass since then, "by an Italian expedition of exploration in 1929, and a French ski expedition in 1986."Rizvi, Janet. Trans-Himalayan Caravans : Merchant Princes and Peasant Traders in Ladakh, p. 26, n. 7. 1999. Oxford University Press. New Delhi. {{ISBN|0-19-564855-2}}.

As part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor investments, plans have emerged to upgrade the pass, shortening the distance between Shigar and Yarkant by {{Convert|350|km|mi|abbr=off}} compared to the Khunjerab Pass.{{Cite web|last=Shigri|first=Afzal Ali|date=2016-08-23|title=An alternate route for CPEC|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1279254|access-date=2021-01-16|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}{{Cite web|last=Abbas|first=Ghulam|date=2021-01-15|title=Pakistan mulls alternate CPEC route to cut down distance to China border|url=https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2021/01/15/pakistan-mulls-alternate-cpec-route-to-cut-down-distance-to-china-border/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Profit by Pakistan Today|language=en-US}}

• Trango Glacier

{{Reflist|30em}}

• Ferber, Aug. C. F. (1907). "An Exploration of the Mustagh Pass in the Karakoram Himalayas." The Geographical Journal, Vol. 30, No. 6. (Dec., 1907), pp. 630–643. {{JSTOR|1776814}}
• French, Patrick. (1994). Younghusband: The Last Great Imperial Adventurer. HarperCollinsPublishers, London. Reprint (1995): Flamingo. London. {{ISBN|0-00-637601-0}}.
• Rizvi, Janet. Trans-Himalayan Caravans : Merchant Princes and Peasant Traders in Ladakh. 1999. Oxford University Press. New Delhi. {{ISBN|0-19-564855-2}}.
• Younghusband, Francis. "A Journey across Central Asia, from Manchuria and Peking to Kashmir, over the Mustagh Pass." Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, New Monthly Series, Vol. 10, No. 8 (Aug., 1888), pp. 485–518.
• Younghusband, Francis. The Heart of a Continent: A Narrative of Travels in Manchuria, across the Gobi Desert, through the Himalayas, the Pamirs and Chitral, 1884-94. Published: 1897. London. Reprint (2005): Elibron Classics Replica Edition. {{ISBN|1-4212-6551-6}} (pbk); {{ISBN|1-4212-6550-8}} (hbk).
• Younghusband, Francis. Wonders of the Himalayas. (1924) Reprint (1977): Abhishek Publications, Chandigarh. Chapter 4, The Mustagh Pass, pp. 55–71.

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Category:Mountain passes of China

Category:Mountain passes of Xinjiang

Category:Mountain passes of Pakistan

Category:Mountain passes of Gilgit-Baltistan

Category:Mountain passes of the Karakoram

Category:China–Pakistan border

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