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Mutsu Province

{{Redirect|Michinoku|the sumo coach known as Michinoku Oyakata|Kirishima Kazuhiro}}

{{Infobox former subdivision

|_noautocat =

|native_name = {{lang|ja|陸奥国}}

|conventional_long_name = Mutsu Province

|common_name =

|subdivision = Province

|nation = Japan

|status_text =

|government_type =

|p1 =

|flag_p1 =

|s1 = Mutsu Province (1868){{!}}Rikuō Province

|flag_s1 =

|s2 = Rikuchū Province

|flag_s2 =

|s3 = Rikuzen Province

|flag_s3 =

|s4 = Iwashiro Province

|flag_s4 =

|s5 = Iwaki Province (1868){{!}}Iwaki Province

|flag_s5 =

|title_leader =

|leader1 =

|year_leader1 =

|leader2 =

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|capital = Miyagi District

|coordinates =

|political_subdiv =

|today = Fukushima Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture
Iwate Prefecture
Akita Prefecture
Aomori Prefecture

|year_start = 654

|year_end = 1869

|event_start =

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|image_map = Provinces of Japan-Mutsu.svg{{!}}300px

|image_map_caption = Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Mutsu Province highlighted

|stat_year1 =

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{{short description|Former province of Japan}}

{{nihongo|Mutsu Province|陸奥国|Mutsu no Kuni|{{IPA|ja|mɯꜜ.tsɯ (no kɯ.ɲi)}}{{cite book|script-title=ja:NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典|publisher=NHK Publishing|editor=NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute|date=24 May 2016|lang=ja}}}} was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori Prefectures and the municipalities of Kazuno and Kosaka in Akita Prefecture.

Mutsu Province is also known as {{nihongo|Ōshū|奥州}} or {{nihongo|Michinoku|陸奥 or 道奥}}. The term {{nihongo|Ōu|奥羽}} is often used to refer to the combined area of Mutsu and the neighboring province Dewa, which together make up the entire Tōhoku region.

History

File:Japan prov map mutsu701.png

File:Japan prov map mutsu718.png

File:Japan prov map mutsu.png

{{Expand section|date=January 2011}}

=Invasion by the Kinai government=

Mutsu, on northern Honshū, was one of the last provinces to be formed as land was taken from the indigenous Emishi, and became the largest as it expanded northward. The ancient regional capital of the Kinai government was Tagajō in present-day Miyagi Prefecture.

=Prosperity of Hiraizumi=

In 1095, the Ōshū Fujiwara clan settled at Hiraizumi, under the leadership of Fujiwara no Kiyohira. Kiyohira hoped to "form a city rivaling Kyoto as a centre of culture". The legacy of the Ōshū Fujiwara clan remains with the temples Chūson-ji and Mōtsū-ji in Hiraizumi, and the Shiramizu Amidadō temple building in Iwaki. In 1189, Minamoto no Yoritomo invaded Mutsu with three great forces, eventually killing Fujiwara no Yasuhira and acquiring the entire domain.{{Cite book |last=Sansom |first=George |title=A History of Japan to 1334 |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1958 |isbn=0804705232 |page=254,326–328}}

=Sengoku period=

During the Sengoku period, clans ruled parts of the province.

=After the Boshin War=

File:Old Japan Mutsu (1869).svg

{{Main|Mutsu Province (1868)}}

As a result of the Boshin War, Mutsu Province was divided by the Meiji government, on 19 January 1869, into five provinces: Iwashiro, Iwaki, Rikuzen, Rikuchū, and Rikuō){{citation needed|date=April 2015}}. The fifth of these, corresponding roughly to today's Aomori Prefecture, was assigned the same two kanji as the entire province prior to division; however, the character reading was different.{{cite web |url= http://ir.iwate-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/10140/1626/1/erar-v54n1p131-144.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110718165654/http://ir.iwate-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/10140/1626/1/erar-v54n1p131-144.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2011-07-18 |title= 地名「三陸地方」の起源に関する地理学的ならびに社会学的問題 }}（岩手大学教育学部） Due to the similarity in characters in the name, this smaller province has also sometimes been referred to as 'Mutsu'.

Districts

= Under Ritsuryō =

Iwate Prefecture

Miyagi Prefecture

Fukushima Prefecture

= Meiji Era =

See also

Notes

{{reflist}}

References

  • Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC Japan encyclopedia.] Cambridge: Harvard University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran Annales des empereurs du Japon] (Nihon Ōdai Ichiran). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691].

External links

{{Commons category|Mutsu Province}}

  • [http://www.maproom.org/00/05/sub1/1.html Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903]

{{Japan Old Province}}

Category:Former provinces of Japan

*Mutsu Province

*Mutsu Province