Myanmar units of measurement#Length
{{Short description|System of measurements formerly used in Myanmar}}
{{Redirect|Viss|the village in Hungary|Viss, Hungary}}
{{Use Oxford spelling|date=September 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Contains special characters|Burmese}}
The traditional Burmese units of measurement were a system of measurement used in Myanmar.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
Myanmar was one of three countries that had not adopted the International System of Units (SI) metric system as their official system of weights and measures according to the 2010 CIA Factbook.{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/print_appendix-g.html |title=The World Factbook, Appendix G: Weights and Measures |year=2010 |work=Web Pages |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=10 May 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528121337/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/print_appendix-g.html |archive-date=28 May 2010 |df=dmy-all }} However, in June 2011, U Kyaw Htoo from the Myanmar government's Ministry of Commerce began discussing proposals to reform the measurement system in Burma and adopt the kilogram for domestic trade, reasoning that this would simplify foreign trade which it conducts exclusively in metric;{{cite news
|last= Gyi
|first= Ko Ko
|others= Translated by Thit Lwin
|date=18-24 July 2011
|title= Ditch the viss, govt urges traders
|department=Business and Property
|url= http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/584/biz58401.html
|url-status=dead
|work=The Myanmar Times
|location=Myanmar
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920011617/http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/584/biz58401.html
|archive-date=2011-09-20
|access-date=2023-03-04}}
and in October 2013, Pwint San, Deputy Minister for Commerce, announced that the country was preparing to adopt the metric system.{{cite web| url=http://www.elevenmyanmar.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3684:myanmar-to-adopt-metric-system&catid=44:national&Itemid=384| title=Myanmar to adopt metric system| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324092305/http://elevenmyanmar.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3684:myanmar-to-adopt-metric-system&catid=44:national&Itemid=384| archive-date=2015-03-24| url-status=dead| website=www.elevenmyanmar.com |publisher=Eleven Media Group |access-date=2015-11-02}}
{{Asof|2006}}, Myanmar government web pages in English used imperial and metric units inconsistently. For instance, the Ministry of Construction used miles to describe the length of roads{{cite web |url=http://www.construction.gov.mm/PW/Activities.htm |title=Public Works, Fields Of Activities |year=2006 |work=Web Page |publisher=Ministry Of Construction |access-date=11 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201080406/http://www.construction.gov.mm/PW/Activities.htm |archive-date=1 February 2010 |url-status=dead }} and square feet for the size of houses,{{cite web |url=http://www.construction.gov.mm/DHSH/HousingD.htm |title=Housing Development |year=2006 |work=web page |publisher=Ministry Of Construction |access-date=11 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201075816/http://www.construction.gov.mm/DHSH/HousingD.htm |archive-date=1 February 2010 |url-status=dead }} but square kilometres for the total land area of new town developments in Yangon City. {{Asof|2010}} the Ministry of Agriculture used acres for land areas.{{cite web |url=http://www.moai.gov.mm/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=16&Itemid=2 |title=Ministry of Agriculture and Information |date=2009–2010 |work=Web Page |publisher=Myanmar Agriculture |access-date=11 May 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613032846/http://www.moai.gov.mm/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=16&Itemid=2 |archive-date=13 June 2013 |df=dmy-all }} {{Asof|2009}} the Ministry of Foreign Affairs used kilometres (with mile equivalents in parentheses) to describe the dimensions of the country.{{cite web |url=http://www.mofa.gov.mm/aboutmyanmar/geography.html |title=About Myanmar : Geography |year=2009 |work=web page |publisher= The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Myanmar |access-date=11 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805022516/http://www.mofa.gov.mm/aboutmyanmar/geography.html |archive-date=5 August 2010 }}
Length
class=wikitable
|+ Table of length units !colspan="2"|Unit !rowspan=2 |Metric !rowspan=2 |Imperial/US !rowspan="2"|Ratio to |
Burmese
!Romanized |
---|
{{lang|my|ဆံချည်}}
|sanchi |79.375 μm |{{frac|3|1|8}} thou/mil | |
{{lang|my|နှမ်း}}
|hnan |793.75 μm |{{frac|31|1|4}} thou/mil | 10 |
{{lang|my|မုယော}}
|muyaw |4.7625 mm |{{frac|3|16}} in | 6 |
{{lang|my|လက်သစ်}}
|let thit |19.05 mm |{{frac|3|4}} in; one digit | 4 |
{{lang|my|မိုက်}}
|maik |152.4 mm |6 in; one shaftment | 8 |
{{lang|my|ထွာ}}
|htwa |228.6 mm |9 in; one span | 1.5 |
{{lang|my|တောင်}}
|taung |457.2 mm | 2 |
{{lang|my|လံ}}
|lan |1.8288 m |6 ft; one fathom | 4 |
{{lang|my|တာ}}
|ta |3.2004 m |{{frac|10|1|2}} ft | 1.75 |
{{lang|my|ဥသဘ}}
|out-thaba |64.008 m |70 yd | 20 |
{{lang|my|ကောသ}}
|kawtha |1.28016 km |0.795455 mi | 20 |
{{lang|my|ဂါ၀ုတ်}}
|ga-wout |5.12064 km |3.18182 mi; | 4 |
{{lang|my|ယူဇနာ}}
|yuzana |20.48256 km |12.7273 mi | 4 |
Mass
class=wikitable
|+ Table of mass units !colspan="2"|Unit !rowspan="2"|Metric !rowspan="2"|Imperial/US !rowspan="2"|Ratio to |
Burmese
!Romanized |
---|
{{lang|my|ရွေးလေး}}
|yway lay |136.078 mg |2.1 grain | |
{{lang|my|ရွေးကြီး}}
|yway gyi |272.155 mg |4.2 grain | 2 |
{{lang|my|ပဲသား}}
|petha |1.02058 g |15.75 grain | 3.75 |
{{lang|my|မူးသား}}
|mutha |2.04117 g |31.5 grain | 2 |
{{lang|my|မတ်သား}}
|mattha |4.08233 g |63 grain | 2 |
{{lang|my|ငါးမူးသား}}
|nga muthaLiterally "five mutha", but in fact it is only four. |8.16466 g |0.288 oz | 2 |
{{lang|my|ကျပ်သား}}
|kyatthaTraditionally known as a tical in English. |16.3293 g |0.576 oz | 2 |
{{lang|my|အဝက်သား}}
|awettha |204.117 g |7.2 oz | 12.5 |
{{lang|my|အစိတ်သား}}
|aseittha |408.233 g |14.4 oz | 2 |
{{lang|my|ငါးဆယ်သား}}
|ngase tha |816.466 g |1.8 lb | 2 |
{{lang|my|ပိဿာ}}
|peitthaTraditionally known as a viss in English. |1.63293 kg |3.6 lb | 2 |
{{lang|my|အချိန်တစ်ရာ}}
|achein taya |163.293 kg |360 lb | 100 |
colspan="5" | |
Volume
class=wikitable
|+ Table of volume units !colspan="2"|Unit !rowspan="2"|Metric !rowspan="2"|Imperial !rowspan=2|US !rowspan="2"|Ratio to |
Burmese
!Romanized |
---|
လမြူ
|la myu |79.9118 mL |{{frac|2|13|16}} fl oz |2.70214 fl oz | |
{{lang|my|လမျက်}}
|la myet |159.824 mL |{{frac|5|5|8}} fl oz |5.40428 fl oz | 2 |
{{lang|my|လမယ်}}
|la me |319.647 mL |{{frac|11|1|4}} fl oz |10.8086 fl oz | 2 |
{{lang|my|စလယ်}}
|sa le |639.294 mL |{{frac|1|1|8}} pints |1.35107 pints | 2 |
{{lang|my|ခွက်}}
|hkwet |1.27859 L |{{frac|1|1|8}} qt |1.35107 qt | 2 |
{{lang|my|ပြည်}}
|pyi |2.55718 L |{{frac|2|1|4}} qt |2.70214 qt | 2 |
{{lang|my|စိတ်}}
|seit |10.2287 L |{{frac|2|1|4}} gallons |2.70214 gallons | 4 |
{{lang|my|ခွဲ}}
|hkwe |20.4574 L |{{frac|4|1|2}} gallons |5.40428 gallons |2 |
{{lang|my|တင်း}}
|tin |40.9148 L |9 gallons |10.8086 gallons |2 |
Money
class="wikitable"
|+ Table of money units !colspan="2"|Unit !colspan="5"|Equivalent to |
Burmese
!Romanized !pya !mu !mat !nga mu !kyat |
---|
{{lang|my|ပြား}}
|1 pya |1 |{{fraction|10}} |{{fraction|25}} |{{fraction|50}} |{{fraction|100}} |
{{lang|my|မူး}}
|1 mu |10 |1 |{{fraction|2|5}} |{{fraction|5}} |{{fraction|10}} |
{{lang|my|မတ်}}
|1 mat |25 |{{fraction|2|1|2}} |1 |{{fraction|2}} |{{fraction|4}} |
{{lang|my|ငါးမူး}}
|5 mu (nga mu) |50 |5 |2 |1 |{{fraction|2}} |
{{lang|my|ကျပ်}}
|1 kyat |100 |10 |4 |2 |1 |
Adoption of SI (metric) system
File:Speed limit road sign in Myanmar.jpg]]
In October 2013, the Ministry of Commerce announced that Myanmar was preparing to adopt the International System of Units (SI) as the country's official system of measurement.
Examples of metrication in Myanmar include weather forecasts by the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology being given with temperatures in Celsius.{{cite web |url=http://www.moezala.gov.mm/city-weather-forecast-states-and-regions |title=City Weather Forecast for States and Regions {{!}} Department of Meteorology and Hydrology |website=www.moezala.gov.mm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224035737/http://www.moezala.gov.mm/city-weather-forecast-states-and-regions |archive-date=2017-12-24}} Petrol in Myanmar is sold with prices in Burmese kyat per litre (K/L).[https://www.mmtimes.com/news/fuel-prices-rise.html Fuel prices on the rise | The Myanmar Times][http://www.oilseedcrops.org/2014/04/05/petrol-prices-march-2014-in-yangon-myanmar/ Petrol Prices March 2014 in Yangon, Myanmar] Speed limits in Myanmar are given by law in kilometres per hour (km/h).[http://www.roadsafety2030.com/media/1191/myanmar_report.pdf Road Safety in Myanmar (Road Safety 2030 High level Action For Road Safety) - Recommendations of an Expert Mission invited by the Government of Myanmar and supported by the Suu Foundation. Paris, April 2017, page 13 of 21] "A national speed limit law featuring maximum speed limits on urban roads (48 km/h) and rural roads (80 km/h)"[https://www.mmtimes.com/national-news/mandalay-upper-myanmar/26269-strict-speed-limit-enforcement-begins-in-mandalay.html Strict speed limit enforcement begins in Mandalay | The Myanmar Times]
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|chapter=Myanmar, Metric and British equivalents in weights & measures |title=Myanmar–English Dictionary |publisher=Department of the Myanmar Language Commission, Ministry of Education, Union of Myanmar}}
{{Burmese language}}
{{Burma (Myanmar) topics}}
{{systems of measurement|sp=oxford}}