Mykhailo Zhyznevskyi
{{Short description|Belarusian pro-democracy activist and journalist (1988–2014)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mykhailo Zhyznevskyi
| image = Жизневський.svg
| caption = Depiction of Mykhailo from 2018
| native_name = {{nobold|{{native name|be|Міхаіл Жызнеўскі}}
{{native name|uk|Михайло Жизневський}}}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1988|01|26}}
| birth_place = Gomel, Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2014|01|22|1988|01|26}}
| nationality = Belarusian
| citizenship = Belarus
| occupation = civic activist
| known_for = Hero of the Heavenly Hundred
}}
Mіkhaіl Mikhaylavich Zhyznyewski ({{Langx|be|Міхаіл Міхайлавіч Жызнеўскі}}; 26 January 1988 – 22 January 2014), also known as Mykhailo Mykhailovych Zhyznevskyi ({{Langx|uk|Михайло Михайлович Жизневський}}), was a Belarusian Euromaidan activist, journalist, and a member of UNA-UNSO. He died in a confrontation on Hrushevsky Street in Kyiv, Ukraine in January 2014, during the Euromaidan protests. Posthumously, he was the first foreigner to be awarded Hero of Ukraine, Ukraine's highest award.{{Cite web |title=Про присвоєння М. Жизневському звання Герой України |url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/158/2017 |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України |language=uk}}
Biography
He grew up in the village of Stsyah Pratsy in the Homel region, Belarus. He studied at the Homel school № 15 in the military class. After the tenth grade he went to school to study to be a gas welder. He made medieval armor in the Knights' Club, practiced karate and attended the Orthodox Church. He planned to serve in the army, and then go to Zhyrovichy Monastery.{{Cite news |title=Міхаіл Жызьнеўскі зьбіраў на барыкадах інфармацыю для газэты |url=https://www.svaboda.org/a/25241350.html |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Радыё Свабода |date=24 January 2014 |language=be |last1=Свабода |first1=Радыё }}{{Cite web |title=Маці забітага на Майдане беларуса: Міша чалавечы боль успрымаў як свой |url=https://nashaniva.com/?c=ar&i=121372 |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Наша Ніва | date=23 January 2014 |language=be}}
On September 11, 2005, at age 17, he ran away from home and emigrated to Ukraine. He told UNSO friends that he had left due to political persecution by the Belarusian KGB. In Belarus, he was declared wanted, believing that he was hiding from the army. In Ukraine he was not known by his real name, he went by Alexei or Loki - in honor of the god of Norse mythology.{{Cite web |title=Первые жертвы беспорядков: бывший каратист и белорус из УНА-УНСО |url=https://kp.ua/politics/434624-pervye-zhertvy-besporiadkov-byvshyi-karatyst-y-belorus-yz-una-unso |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=КП в Украине {{!}} КП в Україні {{!}} KP in Ukraine |language=ru}} He did not communicate with his family in Belarus for a long time, but in the last year of his life he resumed contacts with his parents. He met with them in Kyiv and planned to come home in the spring of 2014.{{Cite web |last=Gazeta.ua |date=2014-01-27 |title=Михайло Жизневський утік із Білорусі |url=https://gazeta.ua/articles/politics-newspaper/_mihajlo-ziznevskij-utik-iz-bilorusi/538688 |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Gazeta.ua |language=uk}} In 2012, Zhyzneuski came to the police station in Ukraine, showed documents and said that there was no need to look for him.
He was interested in history, mythology, chivalry, military affairs, and airsoft. He believed that it was easier for him to live and work in Ukraine than in Belarus.{{Cite web |title=Міхаіла Жызнеўскага пахавалі ў вёсцы Сцяг Працы з васьмігадзіннай затрымкай ФОТЫ |url=https://nashaniva.com/?c=ar&i=121706 |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Наша Ніва | date=28 January 2014 |language=be}}
In Ukraine he lived first in Donetsk and Kryvyi Rih, then in Kyiv. In the last years of his life he rented a house in Bila Tserkva. He worked as a welder and window installer. He was a freelance correspondent for Soborna Kyivshchyna newspaper and loved journalism. He was apolitical, but cooperated with the far-right nationalist organization UNA-UNSO, because it had a good airsoft team.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}
Participation in Euromaidan
He took part in Euromaidan from the first days at the call of UNA-UNSO. He was a member of Maidan Self-Defense, participated in the protection of Maidan facilities, was on duty in tents, and assisted in the work of UNA-UNSO. He was considered one of the most active members of the organization. During the last two weeks of his life he collected information for Soborna Kyivshchyna.{{Cite web |date=2014-02-03 |title=Загиблі герої у Києві. Якими вони були. Історії від близьких {{!}} Новини Тернополя - 20 хвилин |url=http://20minut.ua/Novyny-Ternopolya/euromaidan/zagibli-geroyi-u-kiyevi-yakimi-voni-buli-istoriyi-vid-blizkih-10312793.html |access-date=2022-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203201211/http://20minut.ua/Novyny-Ternopolya/euromaidan/zagibli-geroyi-u-kiyevi-yakimi-voni-buli-istoriyi-vid-blizkih-10312793.html |archive-date=2014-02-03 }} He died on January 22, 2014, at about 9 am from a shot in the heart near the Dynamo Stadium on Hrushevsky Street.{{Cite web |title=ЗМІ: Один з убитих на Грушевського - білорус |url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/01/22/7010699/ |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Українська правда |language=uk}} Zhyzneuski's father expressed doubts that the perpetrators of the murder would be found. He suggested that his son had been killed by a sniper, but believed that neither the Ukrainian nor the Belarusian authorities would conduct an objective investigation. Zhyzneuski's death was not commented on at the Belarusian embassy.
Legacy
Zhyzneuski's name is engraved at the Monument to the Belarusians who died for Ukraine in Kyiv.
In 2020, the Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic posthumously awarded Mikhail Zhyzneuski with the Medal of the Order of the Pahonia.[https://www.radabnr.org/orden-pahoni-medal/ Рада БНР абвяшчае пра абнаўленьне Статуту Ордэна Пагоні і заснаваньне Мэдаля Ордэну Пагоні] [Rada BNR announces the renewal of the Statute of the Order of the Pahonia and the establishment of the Medal of the Order of the Pahonia] - Rada BNR official website, 24 November 2022
References
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Category:People of the Euromaidan
Category:People shot dead by law enforcement officers in Ukraine
Category:Belarusian emigrants to Ukraine