NGC 1313
{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Reticulum}}
{{Infobox Galaxy
| name = NGC 1313
| image = Phot-43a-06.jpg
| caption = A Very Large Telescope (VLT) image of NGC 1313.
Credit: ESO.
| epoch = J2000.0
| constellation name = Reticulum
{{cite web
| title = NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
| work = Results for NGC 1313
| url = https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=NGC1313&hconst=67.8&omegam=0.308&omegav=0.692&wmap=4&corr_z=1
| access-date = 17 May 2023
}}
| dist_ly = 12.886 Mly
| appmag_v =
| size_v = 9.1 x 7.1 arcmin
| notes =
| names = Topsy Turvy Galaxy, PGC 12286, ESO 082- G 011
}}
NGC 1313 (also known as the Topsy Turvy Galaxy{{cite web |title=The Topsy-Turvy Galaxy NGC 1313 |publisher=ESO |url=https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso0643a/ |date=23 November 2006 }}) is a field galaxy{{cite web |title=Taking a narrow view of lopsided galaxy |publisher=Gemini Observatory |url=http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc13.htm#1313 |date=21 May 2010 |access-date=22 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612003714/http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc13.htm#1313 |archive-date=12 June 2015 |url-status=dead }} and an irregular galaxy{{Cite APOD |title=The Star Clusters of NGC 1313 |date=7 August 2009 }} discovered by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop on 27 September 1826.{{cite web |author=Courtney Seligman |publisher=Celestial Atlas |title=NGC 1313 (= PGC 12286) |url=http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc13.htm#1313 |access-date=2016-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612003714/http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc13.htm#1313 |archive-date=2015-06-12 |url-status=dead }} It has a diameter of about 50,000 light-years, or about half the size of the Milky Way.{{Cite APOD |title=Unusual Starburst Galaxy NGC 1313 |date=30 March 2010 }}
NGC 1313 lies within the Virgo Supercluster.{{Cite web|url=https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Dev2/Dev9.html|title=Nearby Groups of Galaxies|website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu|access-date=2018-05-07}}
In 2007, a rare WO star was discovered in NGC 1313,{{Cite journal|last1=Hadfield|first1=L. J.|last2=Crowther|first2=P. A.|date=2007-10-01|title=A survey of the Wolf-Rayet population of the barred, spiral galaxy NGC 1313|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=381|issue=1 |pages=418–432|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12284.x|doi-access=free |arxiv=0708.2039 |bibcode=2007MNRAS.381..418H |s2cid=3024190 |issn=0035-8711}} currently known by its only designation of [HC2007] 31. It is of spectral type WO3. The derived absolute magnitude is about -5, which is very high for a single WO star. (WOs usually have absolute magnitudes of about -1 to -4) This means that the WO is likely part of a binary or a small stellar association.
Supernovae
Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 2841:
- SN 1962M (type II, mag. 11.7) was discovered by José Sérsic on 26 November 1962.{{cite journal | doi = 10.1093/mnras/131.1.155 | doi-access=free| title=The Spectrum of the 1962 Supernova in NGC 1313| date=1965| last1=Hill| first1=P. W.| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society| volume=131| pages=155–157}}{{cite web | website=Transient Name Server | title=SN{{nbsp}}1962M | url=https://www.wis-tns.org/object/1962M | publisher = IAU | access-date=1 December 2024}}
- SN 1978K (type IIn, mag. 16) was discovered by Stuart Ryder in January 1990 and originally reported as a nova.{{cite journal | bibcode = 1990IAUC.4950....3D | last1 = Dopita | first1 = M. A. | last2= Ryder | first2= S. D. | title = Nova in NGC 1313 | journal = International Astronomical Union Circular | year = 1990 | issue = 4950 | pages = 3}} However, a search of archival photographs revealed an outburst on 31 July 1978, and all data indicated that it was a very unusual type II supernova.{{cite journal | doi=10.1086/173223 | doi-access = free | title=SN 1978K: An Extraordinary Supernova in the Nearby Galaxy NGC 1313 | date=1993 | last1=Ryder | first1=Stuart | last2=Staveley-Smith | first2=Lister | last3=Dopita | first3=Michael| last4=Petre | first4=Robert | last5=Colbert | first5=Edward | last6=Malin | first6=David | last7=Schlegel | first7=Eric| journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=416 | page=167| bibcode = 1993ApJ...416..167R }}
Features
NGC 1313 has a strikingly uneven shape and its axis of rotation is not exactly in its centre.{{Cite journal |title= The structure of nearby groups of galaxies - Quantitative membership probabilities |author= Materne, J. |date= April 1979 |journal= Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume= 74 |number= 2 |pages= 235–243 |bibcode= 1979A&A....74..235M }} NGC 1313 also shows strong starburst activity{{cite web |title=VLT Image of Starburst Galaxy NGC 1313 |publisher=European Southern Observatory |url=https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0643/ |date=23 November 2006 |access-date=22 February 2016 }} and associated supershells.{{cite journal |author=Suzuki |display-authors=etal |title=AKARI view of star formation in NGC 1313 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=554 |date=2013 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201220294 |bibcode=2013A&A...554A...8S |page=A8|doi-access=free }} NGC 1313 is dominated by scattered patches of intense star formation, which gives the galaxy a rather ragged appearance.{{cite web |title=NGC 1313 |publisher=Astrosurf |url=http://www.astrosurf.com/antilhue/ngc1313.htm |date=22 October 2006 }} The uneven shape, the ragged appearance and the strong starburst can all be explained by a galactic collision in the past.{{cite web |title=Tumult in NGC 1313 |publisher=Wissenschaft.de |url=http://www.wissenschaft.de/home/-/journal_content/56/12054/1021067/ |language=de |date=28 November 2006 }} However, NGC 1313 seems to be an isolated galaxy and has no direct neighbours. Therefore, it is not clear whether it has swallowed a small companion in its past.
Young, blue stars are scattered across the galaxy.{{cite web |title=Hubble Sees Star Cluster "Infant Mortality" |publisher=NASA |url=http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2007/05/image/c/ |date=10 January 2007 |access-date=23 February 2016 }} This is evidence of infant mortality in which the young open clusters quickly became gravitationally "unglued", scattering their resident stars into the galaxy.{{cite journal |author=Anne Pellerin |author2=Martin Meyer |author3=Jason Harris|author4=Daniela Calzetti |author4-link= Daniela Calzetti |title=Stellar Clusters in NGC 1313: Evidence of Infant Mortality |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=653 |issue=2 |pages=L87–L90 |doi=10.1086/515437 |bibcode=2007ApJ...658L..87P |arxiv=astro-ph/0702547 |year=2007 |s2cid=5537525 }} The galaxy bears some resemblance to the Magellanic Clouds{{cite journal |first1=Mercedes |last1=Mollá |first2=Jean-René |last2=Roy |title=Modeling the Radial Abundance Distribution of the Transition Galaxy NGC 1313 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=514 |issue=2 |pages=781–786 |date=1 April 1999 |doi=10.1086/306982 |arxiv=astro-ph/9903129 |bibcode = 1999ApJ...514..781M |s2cid=18874798 }} and hosts two ultraluminous X-ray sources, called NGC 1313 X-1 and X-2.{{cite journal |author=Matteo Bachetti |display-authors=etal |title=The Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources NGC 1313 X-1 and X-2: A Broadband Study with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=778 |issue=2 |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/778/2/163 |arxiv=1310.0745 |bibcode = 2013ApJ...778..163B |page=163|year=2013 |s2cid=28161179 }} The former is a rare intermediate-mass black hole.{{cite journal |author= Dheeraj Pasham |display-authors= etal |title=Evidence for High-Frequency QPOs with a 3:2 Frequency Ratio from a 5000 Solar Mass Black Hole |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=811 |issue=1 |doi=10.1088/2041-8205/811/1/L11 |arxiv=1601.02628 |date=2015 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...811L..11P |page=L11|s2cid= 33907571 }}{{cite web |title=Intermediate-Mass Black Hole 5,000 Times Mass of Sun |publisher=Sci-News.com |url=http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/science-ngc1313x1-intermediate-mass-black-hole-03265.html |date=23 September 2015 |access-date=23 February 2016 }}
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- {{commons category-inline}}
{{Ngc15}}{{Reticulum}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:NGC 1313}}