NGC 4314
{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices}}
{{Infobox Galaxy
| name = NGC 4314
| image = NGC_4314HST1998-21-b-full.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = Circumnuclear starbust ring of NGC 4314
| credit =
| epoch = J2000
| constellation name = Coma Berenices
| dist_ly = {{convert|16.3|±|0.9|Mpc|Mly|order=flip|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| h_radial_v = {{val|983|5|u=km/s}}
| group_cluster = Coma I
| size_v = {{nowrap|2′.8 × 1′.4}} (NIR)
| notes = Circumnuclear ring
| names = IRAS 12200+3010, LEDA 40097, NGC 4314, UGC 7443, PGC 40097
}}
NGC 4314 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 53 million light-years away in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It is positioned around 3° to the north and slightly west of the star Gamma Comae Berenices and is visible in a small telescope. The galaxy was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on March 13, 1785. It was labelled as peculiar by Allan Sandage in 1961 because of the unusual structure in the center of the bar. NGC 4314 is a member of the Coma I group of galaxies.
The morphological classification of this galaxy is SBa, which indicates a barred spiral galaxy (SB) with very tightly wound spiral arms (a). It is inclined at an angle of 21° to the line of sight from the Earth, and the primary bar is oriented with a position angle of 158°. The bar extends out to a diameter of {{val|76|u=arcsecond}} before joining the spiral arms. These trail in 130° arcs out to a radius of {{val|125|u=arcsecond}} from the nucleus. Outside the nuclear region, the galaxy is considered generally gas-poor, with no H II regions in the outer spiral arms.
There is a prominent ring of star formation about the galactic nucleus with a radius of {{val|9|u=arcsecond}}. 76 open clusters of stars have been found associated with this ring, and these are probably due, at least in part, to Lindblad resonance. Most of these clusters are 15 million years old or less. The current burst of galactic star formation is estimated to have lasted 30 million years. External to the ring, the stars are generally older than within the ring structure, suggesting a previous epoch of star formation.
__NOTOC__
See also
References
{{reflist|refs=
| title=NGC 4314 | access-date=2020-09-20 }}
| title=The nuclear ring of the barred galaxy NGC 4314
| display-authors=1 | last1=Garcia-Barreto | first1=J. A.
| last2=Downes | first2=D. | last3=Combes | first3=F.
| last4=Gerin | first4=M. | last5=Magri | first5=C.
| last6=Carrasco | first6=L. | last7=Cruz-Gonzalez | first7=I.
| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=244 | issue=2 | date=April 1991 | pages=257–272
| bibcode=1991A&A...244..257G }}
| first=Stephen | last=James O'Meara
| title=Herschel 400 Observing Guide
| publisher=Cambridge University Press
| year=2007 | page=176 | isbn=978-0521858939
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nyh9fAC_tpIC&pg=PA176 }}
| url=https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc43.htm#4314
| title=New General Catalogue objects: NGC 4300 - 4349
| last=Seligman | first=Courtney | website=cseligman.com
| access-date=2020-09-19 }}
| title=NGC 4314. IV. Photometry of Star Clusters with the Hubble Space Telescope: History of Star Formation in the Vicinity of a Nuclear Ring
| display-authors=1 | last1=Benedict | first1=G. Fritz
| last2=Howell | first2=D. Andrew | last3=Jørgensen | first3=Inger
| last4=Kenney | first4=Jeffrey D. P. | last5=Smith | first5=Beverly J.
| journal=The Astronomical Journal
| volume=123 | issue=3 | pages=1411–1432 | date=March 2002
| arxiv=astro-ph/0111599 | bibcode=2002AJ....123.1411B
| doi=10.1086/338895 | s2cid=53592391 }}
| title=The Star Formation Reference Survey. I. Survey Description and Basic Data
| last1=Ashby | first1=M. L. N. | last2=Mahajan | first2=S.
| last3=Smith | first3=H. A. | last4=Willner | first4=S. P.
| last5=Fazio | first5=G. G. | last6=Raychaudhury | first6=S.
| last7=Zezas | first7=A. | last8=Barmby | first8=P.
| last9=Bonfini | first9=P. | last10=Cao | first10=C.
| last11=González-Alfonso | first11=E. | last12=Ishihara | first12=D.
| last13=Kaneda | first13=H. | last14=Lyttle | first14=V.
| last15=Madden | first15=S. | last16=Papovich | first16=C.
| last17=Sturm | first17=E. | last18=Surace | first18=J.
| last19=Wu | first19=H. | last20=Zhu | first20=Y. -N.
| display-authors=1 | journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
| volume=123 | issue=907 | page=1011 | date=September 2011
| arxiv=1107.2570 | bibcode=2011PASP..123.1011A
| doi=10.1086/661920 | s2cid=119226030 }}
| title=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
| work=Results for NGC 4314
| url=http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/ui/?q=objsearch&omegam=0.27&extend=no&out_csys=Equatorial&objname=Ngc%204314&hconst=73&img_stamp=YES&list_limit=5&of=pre_text&out_equinox=J2000.0&corr_z=1&omegav=0.73&obj_sort=RA%20or%20Longitude#EssentialNote_0
| access-date=2007-04-05
| archive-date=2020-03-02
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302060027/http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/ui/?q=objsearch&omegam=0.27&extend=no&out_csys=Equatorial&objname=Ngc%204314&hconst=73&img_stamp=YES&list_limit=5&of=pre_text&out_equinox=J2000.0&corr_z=1&omegav=0.73&obj_sort=RA%20or%20Longitude#EssentialNote_0
| url-status=dead
}}
| last1=Gregory | first1=Stephen A. | last2=Thompson | first2=Laird A.
| title=The Coma i Galaxy Cloud
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=213 | pages=345–350 | date=April 1977
| issn=0004-637X | bibcode=1977ApJ...213..345G
| doi=10.1086/155160 }}
}}
External links
- {{commonscat-inline}}
- {{APOD |date=12 December 1999 |title=NGC 4314: A Nuclear Starburst Ring}}
- [https://mcdonaldobservatory.org/news/releases/2002/0409.html McDonald Observatory: 9 April 2002 News Release]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930031612/http://www.spacetelescope.org/bin/images.pl?searchtype=freesearch&string=4314 ESA/Hubble NGC 4314]
{{Ngc45}}
{{Coma Berenices}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:NGC 4314}}