NORSAR

Located at Kjeller, north of Oslo, NORSAR runs and maintains seismic arrays in Norway and it is the designated Norwegian National Data Centre for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.{{cite news|last1=Marks|first1=Paul|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn26176-spidery-forest-gadgets-catch-secret-nuclear-blasts.html#.VCoQbPldVq0|title=Spidery forest gadgets catch secret nuclear blasts|date=9 September 2014|publisher=New Scientist}} NORSAR conducts basic seismological research, develops software and provides consultancy for the petroleum industry.{{cite web|url=https://www.norsar.no/r-d/|title=R & D|access-date=21 July 2017}}

File:Arpanet logical map, march 1977.png logical map, 1977. NORSAR is located at lower right.]]

NORSAR was the first non-US site included in ARPANET in June 1973. Its connection went via the Tanum Earth Station in Sweden to the Seismic Data Analysis Center (SDAC) in Virginia, United States.{{cite web|url=https://www.norsar.no/about-us/history/arpanet-article774-270.html|title=NORSAR becomes the first non-US node on ARPANET, the predecessor to today's Internet|publisher=NORSAR (Norway Seismic Array Research)|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911151554/https://www.norsar.no/about-us/history/arpanet-article774-270.html|archive-date=11 September 2017|access-date=14 November 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://som.csudh.edu/cis/lpress/history/arpamaps/ |title=ARPANET Maps 1969 to 1977 |access-date=17 May 2012 |archive-date=19 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419173051/http://som.csudh.edu/cis/lpress/history/arpamaps/ |url-status=dead }} In turn, NORSAR provided the connection point for ARPANET to spread to Peter Kirstein's research group at University College London (UCL) the following month in July 1973. Connecting through NORSAR, the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (NDRE), along with UCL and RSRE in Britain, were involved in testing TCP/IP. UCL provided a gateway between the ARPANET and UK academic computer networks, the first heterogenous international computer network.{{Cite journal|last=Kirstein|first=P.T.|date=1999|title=Early experiences with the Arpanet and Internet in the United Kingdom|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4773/f19792f9fce8eacba72e5f8c2a021414e52d.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207092443/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4773/f19792f9fce8eacba72e5f8c2a021414e52d.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-02-07|journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing|volume=21|issue=1|pages=38–44|doi=10.1109/85.759368|s2cid=1558618 |issn=1934-1547}} In early 1982, NORSAR and UCL left the ARPANET and began to use TCP/IP over SATNET, becoming two of the first nodes on the Internet.{{cite journal |last=Hauben |first=Ronda |year=2004 |title=The Internet: On its International Origins and Collaborative Vision |url=http://www.ais.org/~jrh/acn/ACn12-2.a03.txt |journal=Amateur Computerist |volume=12 |issue=2 |access-date=May 29, 2009}}

Since 1999, NORSAR has been an independent research foundation.{{cite web|title=About us|url=https://www.norsar.no/about-us/|access-date=21 July 2017}}

• NORDUnet

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• {{official website|https://www.norsar.no/home/}}

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Category:Government agencies of Norway

Category:Research institutes in Norway

Category:Foundations based in Norway

Category:Organisations based in Lillestrøm

Category:Organizations established in 1968

Category:Earth science research institutes

Category:Seismological observatories, organisations and projects